Chapter 2 Chapter One

The imperial court discussed and dispatched the ninth envoy to the Tang Dynasty in the fourth year of Emperor Shomu's reign in Tianping (732 A.D.).On August 17th of the same year, he appointed four Qiduozhi Biguang as ambassadors, and five junior ministers as deputy envoys, and appointed judges and recorders who were collectively called the four officials sent to the Tang Dynasty together with the ambassadors and deputy envoys.There are four judges including Qin Chaoyuan, and there are also four recorders.In September, envoys were sent to Omi, Tanba, Harima, and Aki to order each to build a large ship.

Ambassador Taji Biguangcheng was the fifth son of the left minister Dao in the civil and military dynasties. His elder brother was the magistrate of the county.Hiroshige has successively served as Shimono Mamoru, Deputy General of Yingxin Luoshi, Echizen Mamoru, etc., so he is now entrusted with the important task of Totang Ambassador.Deputy Nakatomi Nadai is the grandson of Kamazu's younger brother Koko, and the son of Shimamaro. In the same year, the main personnel in the mission to the Tang Dynasty were decided, and the official appointments were announced: Congzhi Ships, Yiyu, Lord God, Physician, Onmyoji, Painter, Silla Yiyu, Amami Yiyu, Bubu, etc. There are more than 580 people from the required crew members such as Dujiang, boatman, blacksmith, boatswain, voice chief, miscellaneous envoy, Yusheng, Zhusheng, Xigongsheng, and boatsmith to sailors and archers.

Only the list of the most important overseas students and overseas monks in the mission to the Tang Dynasty has not been selected that year, and it has been postponed to the second year.It turned out that the imperial court spent huge sums of money and was willing to risk the lives of many people to send Tang missions. The main purpose was to introduce religion and culture. Although there were also political intentions, the proportion was very small.The mainland and the Korean peninsula have experienced many ups and downs. Although they affected this small island country in various ways, the biggest mission Japan set for itself at that time was to quickly build a modern country.It has only been 90 years since the eldest brother and prince took the first step in the legal country; Buddhism has only been introduced for 180 years. In terms of politics and culture, although it has been greatly influenced by the mainland, everything is still relatively mixed. Once it is fixed, it is only beginning to take shape, and there are many things that must be imported from the advanced Tang country.To use the metaphor of human growth, it is the period of development from adolescence to youth; to use seasons as a metaphor, it is only the early spring and the cold spring in early March.

It has been twenty-five years since Pingcheng capital was built. Everything imitated Chang'an, the capital of the Tang Dynasty. In general, nine streets in the north and south, and four lanes in the east and west have been completed. A large number of immigrants have settled around the capital; There are more than 40 monasteries under Xuanxing Temple, Yaoshi Temple, Gecheng Temple, Ji Temple, etc., but the tall Jialan still looks empty, and there are few scriptures in the scripture hall. After the Chinese New Year, nine monks who practiced cleanliness were selected from all over the country, and sent to Kashii Palace, Munakata Shrine, Aso Shrine, Kokubun Temple, Jingong Temple, etc., to pray for the smooth transition to Tang Dynasty and the calm of the majesty of the Sea God. , In the seven provinces of Wuji, recite the "Sea Dragon King Sutra"; and send envoys to the shrines in the seven provinces of Guinai below the Ise Jingu Shrine.

In early February, Puzhao, a monk from Da'an Temple, and Rong Rui, a monk from Xingfu Temple, were unexpectedly nominated as monks studying in the Tang Dynasty.The two were suddenly summoned to the place where Longzun, an authority in the Buddhist circle at that time, was asked if they had any wish to cross the Tang Dynasty.It was the first time for the two of them to meet Longzun. In the past, they only heard him lecture on the "Avatamsaka Sutra", so they couldn't get close. Rong Rui is tall and big, with a solid body bent forward slightly, with a little hunchback and a full beard. He is about forty years old, but in fact he is just over thirty.Puzhao is much smaller than him, with a frail physique, and is also two years younger than Rongrui.

Rong Rui listened to Long Zun's question and agreed without thinking.But Puzhao hesitated for a long time before speaking. He looked at Longzun's face and asked Tang what to study.He has such a character, and in a pair of small indifferent eyes, it seems to express such meaning, he can learn from anywhere, why would he risk his life and go all the way to Tang country.I have always learned well in China.He is a well-known young scholar among the monks, and he doesn't pay much attention to the title of scholar, but he admits that he just stays with the scriptures all day long. Longzun spoke to the two young monks of different types in his usual calm tone, It shows that the precepts of Japanese Buddhism are still incomplete, and I plan to hire a qualified precept teacher to come to Japan to teach the precepts.It takes years and years of hard work to hire a precept teacher, and it is not an easy task to hire a person of high morals, prestige and profound knowledge to come to Japan.However, there are still fifteen or sixteen years to go before the next envoy to the Tang Dynasty. During this period, they must be able to complete their merits and virtues.

Pu Zhao was secretly surprised when Long Zun said that it took such a long time for a precept teacher to be transformed.He thought, what Longzun meant, probably thought that to hire a precept teacher, one must first have the academic ability to find people, and to hire an outstanding person, one must first establish a mutual relationship with him, and make preparations for this and that. You have to live in Tang soil for more than ten years.Thinking about staying in Tang Dynasty for more than ten years, I have the intention to go to Tang Dynasty. If it is only a short-term study abroad, it is not worth fighting for this life;

The two came out from Longzun's place, and chatted with each other in Xingfu Temple, which was shining in the early spring sunshine.Rong Rui was somewhat excited and spoke faster than usual. He said that this selection must be the result of discussions between Prince Sheren and Long Zun. For decades, the government has issued dozens of decrees in order to prevent farmers from trying to be exempted from taxation, scrambling to become monks and fleeing, but to no avail.The problem is not limited to the peasants, but the conduct of the monks and nuns is degrading day by day, becoming a headache for the authorities.The government has the "Twenty-Seven Articles of Order for Monks and Nuns", which stipulates the status and qualifications of monks and nuns, but it has no actual effect.There is not a single set of clear rules and precepts that should be observed when converting to Buddhism; the full precepts that bhikshus and bhikkhunis should receive cannot be implemented because of the lack of three masters and seven certificates.At present, Buddhism is just taking precepts by oneself, or accepting the precepts of three gatherings, which is in a state of laissez-faire.In order to ban such Buddhists, it is necessary to hire outstanding preceptors from Tang Dynasty and implement a formal precept system.Man-made laws are powerless, and there must be the supreme order of Shi Ying believed by Buddhists.Everyone understands that the most important thing in the Japanese Buddhist circle at present is to rectify the formal precept ceremony.Taking advantage of this opportunity to send envoys to Tang Dynasty, Prince Sheren and Longzun decided to send two young monks to Tang Dynasty.

"At least, our mission is worth sacrificing two lives." Rongrui said such words, but Puzhao didn't make a sound.His mind was always thinking about his own affairs, and he was not very interested in the significance of hiring a preceptor; he mainly thought about how many scriptures he could learn in the next sixteen years.He seemed to have actually felt the weight of those scriptures, and in his indifferent eyes, he showed a state of ecstasy that was quite different from usual. "Rongrui, a native of Minong, whose clan is unknown, lives in Xingfu Temple, is quick-witted and sharp-witted, and is difficult to judge, and uses yoga as his career." Rong Rui, that's all I know.Similarly, all we know about Puzhao before he crossed the Tang Dynasty is: "The monk of Xingfu Temple, and the monk of Da'an Temple." This sentence is not very reliable.But in "Continued Japanese Chronicles", there is also an article about Puzhao: "In the Jiawu period, the six senior white pigs and Lu Zhinv were awarded as the five subordinates, and she was also the mother of Puzhao, a learned monk in the Tang Dynasty." This is the only textual research on his origin The clue is that Puzhao's mother is the Baizhu family, named Lu Zhinv, who was granted the sixth and fifth subordinates on the eighth day of February in the second year of Tianping Shenhu (AD 766).The ancestor of the Baizhu clan was the nephew of Baekje Wang Chener. This clan is well-known for its connections with foreign countries.

On the twenty-sixth day of the second lunar month, Ambassador Guangcheng went to worship and received the saber.The Jiedao must be returned after returning to the country. Receiving the Jiedao means that the preparations for the envoy have been completed, and finally accept the full power of the ambassador of Tang Dynasty. When the weather clears up, he must set sail immediately. On the first day of March before departure, Guangcheng visited Yiliang on the mountain. Yiliang had participated in the seventh mission to the Tang Dynasty in the second year of Dabao, served as Shaolu, and had experience in crossing the Tang Dynasty.He is brother Guangcheng's friend, and because of this relationship, Guangcheng specially went to say goodbye to him.We set off on the third day of March. On this morning, Yiliang sent a song and two anti-songs to see Guangcheng off.

According to legend, the Great Harmony State was passed down from generation to generation, and the emperor was mighty and glorious.Good prophecies, beautiful praises and ancient signs, have been virtuous since ancient times.The court is full of talented people, and the king is the only one who is favored and honored.Generations of assistants have admired the virtues of the ancestors, and the emperor is envoys to the Tang Dynasty today.Oceans and seas are calm, and the gods declare to protect the king.I am the God of Dahe Sheji, and I am far away from the sky, next to Lord Xiangyi.No country Jianxun finished the mission, Otomo Tsugami waited to return.He is safe and sound when he returns as soon as possible, and I wish you a long and healthy journey. The latter anti-song was presented to Mrs. Guangcheng who bid farewell to her husband. On the morning of the second day of April, Hiroshige and his party set off from Nara City, heading for Namba Tsu mentioned in the song of memory.Most of the members of the mission had already assembled at Nambatsu, the departure point. Only Hiroshiro and his party of 30 riders set off from Nara that day, and Puzhao and Rongrui were among them.At this time, the bells of all the temples rang together to pray for the safety of the sea.The cold wind in the morning and the increasingly green mountains left a deep impression on Zhengren. The road passes through the Dahe Plain and stretches to the northwest.A group of people passed by the prince, climbed over Longtian Mountain, and spent the night in the government office that day.Departure from Kokufu the next day and enter the old capital of Namba at noon.Since the first year of the tortoise nine years ago, the construction of the palace has begun, and the fortifications are still going on, and the minister's palace is being built everywhere.They passed several construction sites that were reflected in the early summer sun, and soon entered the bustling area lined with shops.A group of people crossed several bridges, and when they passed the last one, they felt the damp sea breeze blowing in their face, and saw the Namba Pavilion in the hilly belt on the left, with red walls and blue tiles, colorful; Luoguan, Goryeoguan, Baekjeguan and other ancient buildings that have left only their names so far.At the end of the hills is a corner of the harbor overgrown with reeds. Not long after, the party entered the harbor on horseback.This place is no longer prosperous as it was in the period of frequent traffic with Samhan in the past, but hundreds of ship masts can still be seen standing up like a forest from the reeds.This harbor is the mouth of several rivers converging to the sea. On the vast water surface where the rivers and seas converge, there are many large and small islands and sandbars, and the clusters of reeds almost bury the entire harbor.Ships can only go in and out between the reeds and islands. Looking from the pier, it seems that they are just walking back and forth among the reeds.There are also many water markers standing in the reeds, some of which are perched on small waterfowls, and the white feathers are reflected in the eyes of Zhengren who are about to travel. The weather on the wharf was abnormal. Four seagoing ships were moored on the water at a considerable distance from the coast. People seeing off and spectators crowded around the wharf. A rope was blocked at the entrance of the wharf. There are about 2,000 people, especially women, old ladies, young women, and children.There are more spectators outside the rope fence, and there are also homeless people and beggars among them.Amidst the chaos at the pier, loud chanting of Buddhist sutras often suddenly came out. The severe frost is full of passengers, and the crane's wings cover the sky to protect my son. The song in the ninth volume of "Manyoshu" was written by a mother who sent her son on the Tang ship.On the eighth volume, there is also a song sent to the Tang envoy by Li courtier Jincun on this day: Yun Yingming has no waves on the island, and it's a long sigh to say goodbye to you. This is a send-off song written by Li Jincun on behalf of a friend's wife. Ambassador Guangcheng set off from the capital yesterday in a team of more than 30 people. After saying goodbye to public and private guests at the pier, they boarded different ships and toasted each other. Each of the four boats is fifteen feet long and more than one foot wide. Each boat can carry 130 to 40 people, which is not crowded.The forms of the ships are slightly different due to the different places where they are built.Ambassador Guangcheng's first boat has a larger middle cabin.The second boat that the deputy envoy Zhongchen took on his behalf was much narrower, and the shape and position in the boat were different.The third boat and the fourth boat that the judges took were almost all moored side by side, and the styles of the sterns were all different.The third boat was like an upside-down dragon, with its tail raised high, six feet higher than the fourth boat. No crew member can tell whether their own ship is better or worse than other ships. Even the shipbuilder who oversees shipbuilding cannot tell the difference. It is also countless in my heart.However, the masts of each ship are in the middle, which is the Baekje ship style, which is different from the Tang style where the mast is not in the center of the ship.Japanese shipbuilders have always had vague confidence in the Baekje ships, which have a deep relationship. In the evening, as soon as the tide rose, the four large ships left the port of Nambatsu.As soon as we left, the people who saw us off on the shore all saw that the hull of the boat was very heavy, as if it would sink in the reeds.Each boat has about 150 crew members, and it is also filled with food needed for the road, goods to cover expenses during the Tang Dynasty, clothing, medicinal materials, miscellaneous goods, and tributes to the Tang Dynasty.Only when the boat was sailing, the people seeing off the passengers let out a cry, after that, there was a gloomy silence on the pier.It took about a moment for the four boats to leave the port completely. The four boats depart from Nambatsu on the third day of April, and pass by Arsenal, Ohawada Park, Uozubo, Hanbo, Tasakibo, Tamapaura, Kamijima, Bingo Nagaiura, Aki Fusaura, and Nagatoura Some inland harbors such as Shufangguo Maribu-ura, Kumamo-ura, Buzen-fengen-ura, etc., some of them just passed through, and some of them docked. In the middle of the same month, they arrived at Otsuura in Chikushi, which was the last seaport in the mainland.Because of the wind, it was parked for a few days.From Dajinpu to the open sea, April, which was about one month after receiving the festival knife, ended. There are two shipping routes from Dajinpu to Dian, and until the fifth Tang Dynasty ship sent by the Tianzhi Emperor, they all go to Iki, Tsushima, go north along the west coast of South Korea, cross Bohai Bay, and land in Laizhou or Dengzhou, Shandong. , and then go south by land, and then from Luoyang to Chang'an.But taking this route can guarantee safety only when South Korea is under the sphere of influence of Japan. Since Silla unified the peninsula, it has to take another route.After the sixth time, another route was adopted for the third time, that is, sailing westward from Dajinpu, crossing the Iki Strait, exiting Hizen Zhika Island, waiting for the trade wind there, crossing the East China Sea, and drifting to Suzhou and Yangzhou on the Yangtze River. between the seaside.Guangcheng and the others still took this route this time. Puzhao and Rongrui were on the third boat of Judge Qin Chaoyuan.On the same boat were two overseas monks, one was Jie Rong and the other was Xuan Lang.Ji Rong was a monk from Zhuzi who only boarded the boat on the day the boat sailed from Dajinpu. He was similar in age to Puzhao, with a burly figure and a proud demeanor.Xuan Lang is two or three years younger, and he is a monk from Jizhou. It is said that he has lived in Da'an Temple for the past year. Neither Pu Zhao nor Rong Rui have seen him, nor heard of his name. upbringing. From the first night when Chikushi went to sea, although there was no particularly strong wind and waves on the sea, the boat was tossed like a leaf in the big waves of the open sea.Except for the crew, all the passengers could not eat and lay down like dead people.This state continued for several days, with the exception of Pu Zhao.For the first two days, he felt as uncomfortable as the others. On the third day, he had no headache and chest tightness. He sat upright, calmly withstood the turbulence of the wind and waves, and looked around him from morning till night. The pain of seasickness of the three overseas monks made me feel uncomfortable. Among them, Rong Rui was the most dizzy, always half-opening his mouth, and groaning in pain, his thick eyebrows and big eyes suddenly became very haggard, which was unbearable to face; Xuan Lang was also like a dead person, silent and silent. move. One day, when the sea was about to darken, Puzhao suddenly heard Jie Rong lying on the opposite bunk asking him: "What are you thinking?" This was the first time that this ferocious, monster-like traveling companion spoke face to face with him. When boarding the boat, they only passed each other's names and places of origin. Puzhao replied to the monk Chikushi who was lying on his back, looking at him with his eyes: "I didn't think about anything!" When he saw this person for the first time, he felt that this big-headed fairy did not have the characteristics of being selected as a monk studying abroad, but only had the unique elegance of monk Chikushi in his appearance. "I have an idea." Jie Rong said. "What do you think?" "People's pain, in the final analysis, only you understand, everything has to be solved by yourself, there is no other way. Now I am in pain, and Rong Rui and Xuan Lang are also suffering, but you are not in pain, it is yours. Good luck, to be free from pain." Pu Zhao thought to himself, what a boring person this person is talking.But when I think about it carefully, I really don't sympathize with the pain of others. Although I feel pity, there is nothing I can do, so I don't want to do anything for others.It was very unpleasant to have this idea exposed.Jie Rong seemed to see his thoughts, and then said: "You don't have to be unhappy, I'm just telling the truth. If we change positions, I will be like you. People, this is what it is." As he said that, although Jie Rong didn't do it specially for Pu Zhao to watch, he turned over suddenly, as if he was about to vomit something in his empty stomach without a little water and rice, and his mouth was painfully evil. Puzhao talked a lot with the young Xuanlang, and when the boat started to shake, Xuanlang always spoke first, and it seemed that talking was easier.He spoke in a tone that didn't sound like a complaint or a monologue, and his voice was very low, with a special kind of enthusiasm. "No, no, it doesn't matter. Just bear with it for a while. As long as the boat doesn't capsize, you'll get to the land of Tang. At that time, you can see Chang'an City and Luojiu City, which have been famous for a long time. If you walk around there, there must be many Impressions, I can personally see Daci'en Temple, Anguo Temple, and Ximing Temple. Which temple will I go to study? There, how many things I need to know and how many scriptures I should read. Everything can be seen and heard for myself. I will absorb all the things that should be absorbed, endure for a while, and endure for a while." As I listened, a sentimental tone contained in the words was transmitted to my chest.These words triggered the original feelings in everyone's heart, but others were afraid to say it from their mouths.At this time Xuan Lang's face was pale, and everyone didn't listen to him seriously, and often let him talk by himself. But after a while, Jie Rong got tired of listening, so he interrupted Xuan Lang's words, not allowing him to continue: "Stop talking nonsense, I don't know if this ship can arrive safely or not." Except for Puzhao who was not seasick, the people on the boat were finally freed from the hell-like suffering one by one. Beginning with Xuanlang, Jierong, Rongrui and the young man, each of them got relief every two or three days. relief.After the seasickness passed, Xuan Lang, who longed passionately for Tang Tu, talked less and less, and there were more and more cases of not speaking all day long.This seemingly educated young monk began to fall into an inexplicable depression.Jie Rong seemed to be lazy too, after passing out from the boat, he just fell asleep.Rong Rui recited the "Lotus Sutra" almost all day long.Puzhao often watched these partners with cold eyes, and kept on his knees the "Four-Part Law Acting Notes" that he planned to learn during the voyage. The third boat on which the four overseas monks were boarded followed closely behind the first boat of Ambassador Guangcheng, and behind them was the fourth boat, and the second boat of Deputy Envoy Nakatomi Nadai was behind.In the 20 days since Chikushi went to sea, the first boat ahead and the fourth boat behind were quite far away, but the shadows of the boats could always be seen.At night, they signal each other with lights again and again.On the distant sea, his lights flickered regularly with the undulations of the waves. On the evening of the 21st, thick fog rose from the sea, making navigation difficult, so we dropped anchor temporarily.This was the last night, after which the first and fourth ships were out of sight.Since then, each crew member on board has been given three drinks of water and one drink of dry rice as food for the day. From about the thirtieth day onwards, the sea water turned dark blue, and there were big sticky waves like oil. Wave after wave hit, for a while, the boat was lifted to the top of the wave, and for a while, it fell into the deep ditch again, except for the crew. , no one can see whether the ship is advancing or retreating.Since the sea has turned blue, there have been more days when there is a headwind. Every time there is a headwind, in order to avoid drifting with the wind, the boat will break down and often stop for a day or two, waiting for the wind. After about 40 days, I encountered a violent storm for the first time. Although I had encountered several small storms before, this was the first time that such a major storm had occurred.From near noon to noon the next day, the sea rushed into the cabin like a cloth. The night was shone in darkness, and I heard Jie Rong's voice speaking in the wind and waves, and I couldn't tell who he was talking to from the simple words.And I felt as if he was saying to himself: "What are you thinking right now?" "I didn't think about anything." Puzhao was worried about whether the boat would capsize, when he heard Jie Rong ask him, he was very annoyed, and answered the same question, as if seeing Jie Rong's ferocious face that seemed to be eating people in the dark, and The tall and tall figure was facing himself. "You don't want anything?" Jie Rong asked again, and then said: "I was thinking, I don't want to die, I don't want to die in vain, do you want to die? I just don't want to, I don't want to. I still think, Although everyone is in the same situation, in the final analysis, people only think of themselves, don’t you think so?” The sound of the wind and waves drowned out the words behind Jie Rong, and when the noise outside was temporarily quiet, as if waiting for this opportunity, another voice said, this could not be Jie Rong, but Rong Rui. "I'm also thinking," Rong Rui said suddenly: "Our experience today has been experienced by many Japanese before. Thousands of people were buried in the bottom of the sea, and there are probably very few people who can safely set foot on land. The religion of a country Culture and culture are cultivated in this way in any era, and they are cultivated through a lot of sacrifices. If we survive this time, we will have to work hard in the future." He obviously said this to Jie Rong, but Jie Rong yelled for some reason, and then fell silent.Therefore, this state where it is not possible to discuss issues has been maintained until dawn. After Rong Fen spoke, Pu Zhao looked towards Xuan Lang, who was afraid of death, in the dark, and felt that Xuan Lang's posture was the most sincere and straightforward.Although Jie Rong and Rong Rui spoke the truth, like Xuan Lang, they neither showed themselves, nor were they afraid of making a fool of themselves, and stayed completely out of it. Although they were usually a little disgusted, they aroused the greatest affection in the current situation. He himself is a little different from the three of them at this time. He is always fighting, so he thinks there is no difference at present. For many years, he secretly wrestles with the lust that troubles him every day. The fight to the death. After the storm broke out, all the people on the boat were busy praying to the gods and Buddhas. They made wishes to Sumiyoshi Shrine and Avalokitesvara Bodhisattva.Rong Rui explained the Lotus Sutra to those on the same boat.Jie Rong was still lying on the bunk, while Pu Zhao and Xuan Lang sat up and listened to the lecture.When he found something wrong, Puzhao didn't make a sound, but just listened silently. The third boat moored at a small island close to the mainland in order to wait for a favorable wind. After a delay of some days, it finally drifted to Suzhou and it was already August.Departing from Chikushi Dajinpu, it drifted on the sea for more than three months, and the other three also drifted to the coast of Suzhou in mid-August. Guangcheng and others drifted to Suzhou, and Qian Weizheng, the governor of Suzhou, reported to the court.The imperial court sent General Secretary Wei Jing to receive the envoy first, to go to Suzhou to congratulate the mission, and then, the authorized persons in the mission traveled from the Grand Canal to Bianzhou on land, and then went to Luoyang by land. Ambassador Guangcheng and others arrived in Luoyang in the sixth year of Tianping the following year, that is, April of the 22nd year of Emperor Xuanzong's Kaiyuan.Eight months after arriving in Suzhou, they did not go to Chang'an, but only stayed in Luoyang, the eastern capital, because Emperor Xuanzong stayed in Luoyang this year and did not return to Chang'an. The Tang court was in Luoyang. They were greatly disappointed because Tang Ting stayed in Luoyang. The previous envoys sent to Tang Dynasty always went to Chang'an by official ship, and went to the capital Changle Station, where they were welcomed by the envoys and attended the first banquet.After riding a horse into Chang'an, I can't wait to recover from fatigue in the Sifang Pavilion where the guests are welcomed, that is, I go to the Xuanhua Hall to worship, the Linde Hall to meet, the inner hall to give a banquet, and then hold a grand banquet in the Chinese envoy's courtyard-this kind of Guangcheng and others have heard many times about the luxurious etiquette in Chang'an.Although there was the same reception in Luoyang, the Japanese envoys were always willing to show up at Chang'an's excellent dances to enjoy the sunshine of the early summer of the Tang Dynasty. After entering Luoyang, he offered tribute to the Emperor Tang: five hundred taels of silver, two hundred pieces each of water weaving rice and Mino rice, three hundred pieces each of fine rice and yellow rice, five hundred yellow silk, and one thousand fine cotton. In addition, two hundred pieces of colored silk, two hundred pieces of stacked cotton, thirty pieces of Ningbu, one hundred pieces of Wangtuobu, one hundred pieces of wood cotton, ten pieces of water essence from fire, ten pieces of iron from fire, six buckets of sea pomegranate oil, Six buckets of sweet potato juice, four buckets of golden lacquer and other materials. When the officials of the mission were welcomed into the Sifang Pavilion as state guests and engaged in intense activities every day, the overseas students and monks entrusted to Tang Ting, who were also in Luoyang, were assigned to corresponding monasteries according to their study goals and aspirations.Puzhao, Rongrui, Jierong, and Xuanlang were sent to Dafuxian Temple according to Pu's request.Puzhao knew that there was an eminent monk in this monastery, Dingbin, who had written "Zizong Yiji" and commented on Fali's "Four Parts Law Shu", so he hoped to practice Buddhism with Dingbin.Regarding these, Puzhao's knowledge is far superior to that of the other three overseas monks. Dafuxian Temple is the site of the residence of Empress Wu Zetian's mother Yang. Taiyuan Temple was established here in the second year of Shangyuan (AD 675), and later changed to Weiguo Temple, and then changed to Dafuxian Temple in the second year of Tianshou (AD 691).The temple is grand, with magnificent pagodas and Garan, and many monks' dormitories.There are paintings by Wu Daozi in the three entrance courtyards, and there are murals by Wu Daozi on both sides of the three gates. Not long after the young Japanese monk entered this monastery, he also knew that this monastery is a translation site with a long history.Yijing, who passed away about 20 years ago, has translated here 20 volumes of 150 volumes of the Sutra of the Most Victorious King of Jin Guangming, and 4 volumes and 6 volumes of the Sutra of Shengguang Tianzi Xiangwang Bodhisattva.Shan Wuwei, who is now over 90 years old, translated the "Daily Classic" here about ten years ago.After knowing this history, the overseas monks felt very nervous. The life of overseas monks is relatively free.They first learned conversation. Among them, only Jie Rong learned it from nowhere and could speak Tang dialect.The cityscape of Luoyang is truly one of the two capitals of the Tang Dynasty, and the Japanese monks studying abroad feel dizzy and dazzled.The scale of the city is quite different from that of Nara, and the bustling atmosphere is also incomparable.This is the imperial city of the Eastern Zhou Dynasty, and also the capital of the Eastern Han, Northern Wei, and Sui dynasties. It has an ancient history, and non-Japanese can be expected. The four Japanese monks were assigned to different dormitories, each with a room, and settled down.When a monk studying abroad goes abroad, the imperial court grants him forty horses, one hundred tun, and eighty pieces of cloth, but after the Tang court accepts it, the Tang court provides for his life, and there is no need to immediately exchange the items brought from Japan for spring currency. After settling down in Dafuxian Temple, from April to May, Puzhao, Rongrui, and Xuanlang spent their spare time visiting Buddhist places and places of interest. Japan is just a small country, and Nara City is small and crude.From April to May, Jie Rong also traveled all over the Buddhist sites in Luoyang, but he always acted alone, not in groups with them. When the summer sun was getting stronger, Puzhao met Jie Rong by chance in front of Liao Han where Jie Rong lived, and Jie Rong invited him into his house very rarely.As usual, with his condescending attitude, he suddenly asked Puzhao what impressed him the most after he arrived in Tangtu.Seeing that he was the same as when he was on the boat, Puzhao asked another question. He wanted to say that he didn't have any special feelings, but in the end he told the truth: "Well, if you don't come, you won't know Tang Guo." Jie Rong was surprised when he heard that, he didn't expect the other party to say such a thing, so he said: "When I came to Tangtu, the first thing I saw was the hungry people. You may have seen them too. When I landed from Suzhou, I saw hungry people every day. It made me feel uncomfortable." As Jie Rong said, the year before they set foot on the land of the Tang Kingdom, they suffered from the drought before summer and the rain after autumn. The crops failed, and groups of hungry people were floating around. Famine. "If there were so many hungry people in Japan, things would be difficult to handle. But here, like the clouds in the sky and the flowing water of the Yellow River, the hungry people are flowing everywhere. It seems to be a natural phenomenon. Japanese monks are superstitious about every word in Buddhist scriptures. In a word, I think it is too stupid. The Buddha's teachings should be farther and wider. Regarding the flowing water of the Yellow River and the moving clouds in the sky, it should be combined with these groups of wandering hungry people." With a passionate tone, Jie Rong said such words, and then expressed his own thoughts. "I think, when I get used to the life of the Tang Dynasty, I will use my two legs to walk all over this vast country, wearing cassocks, asking for alms, and walking as far as I can." Pu Zhao looked at Jie Rong's big face and thought, this person could really do it. "But, you have to choose a subject and work hard." When Jie Rong heard it, he reprimanded and said: "Do you only know that working hard is lying on the desk?" Nevertheless, Puzhao's antipathy towards him on the boat was gone.Although I can't point it out clearly, I always feel that this person has a characteristic that I don't have. "Why are you here, and what are you going to do?" Jie Rong asked again. Puzhao told him that he was going to study the Law Department steadily, and at the same time, he also had a mission to hire an excellent preceptor to go to Japan, so he had to learn it well and lay the foundation. After hearing what he said, Jie Rong said bluntly: "It's not a big deal to hire a preceptor. It doesn't need to be so troublesome. As long as you actively negotiate and invite one to go to Japan, isn't it all right? Look, how about asking Dao Xuan?" He asked again: "Isn't Daoxuan not good?" Then he said: "Of course it's not easy to invite a first-class eminent monk. Since he is called an eminent monk, he is probably an old man in his eighties or nineties. How can an old man go to sea? On a ship at sea, it will collapse in less than three days. Wait a few more years, and things will be the same. I think it is enough to invite Daoxuan, so let's invite him." Puzhao also heard that Dao Sui was a lawyer. He had met him once or twice. He was probably only thirty-four or five years old. He was proficient in the law and specialized in Tiantai and Huayan. Those who act in good character are quite respected by some monks. Although Jie Rong said that it would be fine to invite Dao Sui, but Puzhao thought that if he wanted to invite Dao Sui, he might not simply accept it. He told Jie Rong this idea, and Jie Rong said: "Try and try. I don't know if he is willing or not. I have talked with him a few times. Let me try. I think he will definitely go, for the sake of Buddhism." For the sake of the Dharma, I said it with a little humor.Having said this, Jin Zhao didn't take it seriously.He thought he was just talking casually, but what Jie Rong said about refugees just now seemed to be what Jie Rong said, and he had his own unique views. After two or three days, Rongrui and Xuanlang came, and Puzhao also imitated Jie Rong's appearance, asking the two of them, what was the deepest impression on them since they came to Tangtu.Rong Rui sat upright, raised his chest slightly, and said boldly: "I think this country has reached its peak of development. This is my deepest impression. The flowers have reached their peak. I am afraid that academics, politics, and culture will go downhill in the future. We must try our best to get some available. Things, how many foreign students, like bees collecting honey, collect honey in the two capital cities of this country, and we are only one of them." Then he said: "But this is another matter. I just think there are so many people living here. In fact, these people have nothing to do with Buddhism, politics, or academics. They just eat and sleep according to their biological instincts." Jie Rong said "like the clouds in the sky and the flowing water of the Yellow River", and Rong Rui said it was "the instinct of living things", and Puzhao said: "Jie Rong also said the same thing." After hearing this, Rong Rui said: "Jie Rong? Whatever he sees, he will make strange remarks and confuse people. His strength is just a few ridiculous words, who knows how far he is." Rong Rui frowned every time Jie Rong was mentioned.Jie Rong doesn't like Rong Rui, and Rong Rui also looks down on Jie Rong.Puzhao asked Xuan Lang to answer the question just now.Xuan Lang seemed a little annoyed, he said hesitantly: "Me, I just want to go back to Japan. After all, Japan is the best place. As a Japanese, you can't live a real life without Japan. No matter what people say, I think this is true." Later he said that he heard that the mission to the Tang Dynasty would return to China in November, and that he wanted to go back if possible.When he first arrived in Luoyang in early summer, he was not like this. Since the midsummer, he suffered from the nostalgic disease he suffered from on the boat, and he was always melancholy and completely unable to cheer up.Puzhao felt that Xuanlang's complaints were more real than what Rongrui and Jierong said. After hearing Xuanlang's words, he felt that it was less than half a year since he entered the Tang Dynasty, and in his heart, nostalgia for the motherland had already begun. During the chat, Puzhao talked about Jierong's idea of ​​asking Daoxuan. "Dao Xuan is very good. It is said that he is a top-ranking person among the younger generation. It would be great if he is willing to go, but I'm afraid he won't be hired easily. Such a question can't be asked casually." Like Pu Zhao, he didn't take Jie Rong's words seriously. But after three or four days, Jie Rong came to look for Puzhao, and before he sat down, he said bluntly, "It seems to work!" It's my business. If you decide to invite me, just go to formal negotiation, here, he wrote a resume." Saying that, he handed a piece of paper to Puzhao, turned around and walked out of the room.纸片上这样写着：“道璿，许州人，三十四岁，俗姓卫氏，春秋卫灵公之后，福元寺信算之弟子，又从学于华严寺之普寂。”书法写得很潇洒，富有个性，这是普照第一次见到戒融的笔迹。 九月，遣唐使广成一行，决定于十一月归国。从那时开始，普照他们常有机会会见几年前来唐，现在学戒归国的人。 最先会见的是玄昉。玄昉这个名字，他们在日本时已经听说了。此人从学于龙门寺的义渊，专攻唯识，被称为义渊七高足之一，来唐以前，在日已露头角。他在灵龟二年（公元716年）来唐，至今已十九年其间也从濮阳的智周学过法相，玄宗皇帝爱其才学，曾给他晋位三级，恩赐紫袈裟。 玄昉和两位唐僧来大福先寺时，四位留学僧迎接了这位前辈。他来大福先寺，可能因自己要回国了，作为一生最后一次，特地来看看这个洛阳历史悠久的寺院。普照心情激动地瞧着这位日本僧侣中唯一得到紫袈裟，粗眉大眼，身材魁梧，年约五十前后而颇有学问的僧人。 玄昉对这几个新从日本到来的青年僧人，一一亲切问话问他们今后打算学些什么，嘱咐他们好好用功。然后，在寺内转了一圈，给人留下一种匆匆忙忙的印象，回去了。这是一阵狂风突然吹来，又飘然而去的印象。普照很想从这位血统相同、曾经为留学僧，而现在己享有盛名的僧人，多得一些指教，例如留学生活中该注意些什么，应该怎样用功等等，可是匆促之间，并无请教的机会。 玄昉走后，荣睿、玄朗、戒融、普照四人，难得地叙在一起，谈论这位在自己眼前一霎即逝的前辈，大家都显得很兴奋。普照想象玄昉回国之后，在奈良大寺院里，对满堂僧人讲法相宗的教义。他只是觉得这位玄昉，粗眉大眼，很象一位武将，见了自己的同胞，态度傲慢，全无一点亲切味，慌慌张张的神气，没有一点学者的风度。他对大家说了自己的印象，荣睿便说，这就是玄昉的超人之处，他不随便对同胞表示亲切，正是他能在唐成为学僧，享受盛名的原因。 玄朗不知听谁说的，他带点兴奋的神情，对他们说，玄昉捎回日本的经论章疏，有五千卷之多。 戒融默然听着三人的谈话，最后开口说道： “玄昉和行基都是义渊门下的弟子，年岭也差不离。玄昉来唐进了濮阳的寺院；行基在日本却深入民间。玄昉专攻法相；行基却给病人施药，为受难的人祈祷，在没桥的地方造析，上街头讲道。玄昉在外国学法相，学得很深，才学超群，受这儿天子赏赐紫袈裟；行基却站在叫化、病人、受难人的前头，从城市到城市，从乡村到乡村，巡行说法。” 戒融兴奋地，不知不觉地说着说着，忽然就停下来了。别人在他的那种口气中受了压力，谁也没有作声。于是戒融突然笑了一笑，好象有点害羞似的说： “如此看来，谁个更了不起，就不好说了。” 他说了最后一句，背过身子就走开了。 普照会见玄昉以后，过了几天，又在广成大使寄寓的四方馆一个屋子里，会见了吉备真备。这一回，只有普照单独一人。真备入唐比玄昉晚一年，是养老元年，从第八次遣唐使团跟阿倍仲麻吕一起入唐的留学生。他专攻经史，也钻研阴阳历算，天文诸学，是盛名不下于玄昉的学者。 他入唐时二十四岁，现在已经三十九岁了。普照见真备生得矮小，风度稳实，象个平凡的人物，如要从他身上，找出与普通人不同之处，那只是在唐生活久了，已不大象日本人，倒有点象唐人，肤色、眼神，都象个气概轩昂的唐人。 那时，真备已把自己带回国去的携带品目录向遣唐使团一一报告完毕，正在向管装运的人交代。他把携带品物的名称，慢吞吞地从嘴里念出来，让对方记在帐上，然后，再把帐单过目，检查有没有记错，似乎并不觉察屋子里还有一个普照。 真备的携带品各式俱全，普照虽不知总的数量，看来是相当庞大的。《唐礼》一百二十卷，《大衍历经》一卷，《大衍历立成》十二卷，《乐书要录》十卷，铜律管一部，测影铁尺一枚，弦缠漆角弓一张，马上饮水涤角弓一张，射甲箭二十支，露面漆四节角弓一张，平射箭二十支……等等。 同时也有传说，同真备一起入唐，现在唐为官的阿倍仲麻吕，这次也要回国，但不久这说法消失了。仲麻吕现在官居左补厥，此职属于门下省，执掌供奉、讽谏、扈从、乘舆等事，由于职守所在，他当然也在洛阳，但普照同这位留学生中出众的前辈，并无见面的机会。 那时，普照又听说，大福先寺里，最近新搬来了一位留学僧。他知道消息第二天，顺便告诉了玄朗。过了一刻，玄朗不知从哪儿探听到了，说这位日本僧人名叫景云，是三十年前独自来唐的，专攻三轮和法相，这回准备趁遣唐使回国之便，搭船返日。 “咱们去见见他。”玄朗说。 听说是日本人，玄朗就非见不可。普照虽不知此是何等样人，但认为向这位僧人请教请教三十年留唐的经验，也有用处。 景云就住在寺内一间小屋子里，正在等候动身的日期。两人去时，景云柔和的脸上微带笑容，请他们坐在旁边的倚子上。他头上已有白发，年近六十，肤色光洁，不象一个老人。虽说身体不好，看来也没病态，脸上也没因用功引起的干枯的皱纹。 “我留唐三十年，也没遇到过特别高兴的事，同留在日本也没什么两样，也许当初还是在日本乡下过一辈子好些。” 他没有一点卑屈的神气，用低沉的声调，说了这样的话。据说他来唐是学习三轮和法相的，但普照发觉他话题一接触到本行，总是尽力避开。 “你准备带一些什么回国呢？”普照想了一想，又问。 “就是这个老身。”老人说。 似乎景云现在的使命，就是把这个老身搬回日本。 “象你这样长期留唐的，还有什么人么？” “也不多了，可是别人总带些成绩回去，什么也没带回去的，大概只有我一个了。” 景云说着，似乎忽然想起来，又说： “对喽，还有一个，有一个叫业行的，在唐也快二十年了。” "How is this person?" “也是学法相的僧人。这回劝他回去，他还不大肯回去，这也是一个一辈子见不到阳光的人。” 景云无限感慨地说，但两人不大明白他最后一句话是什么意思。 过了一会，普照、玄朗告辞退出，离开景云的宿舍，两人身上都感到一阵剧烈的寒冷。景云不是留学僧，也不是留学生，是本人志愿来唐的，在唐怎样过活，都有他的自由，可是一样身上穿着僧衣，却连带一部经典回去的意思也没有，在青年留学僧眼里，觉得这人真是愚蠢得可怜。 四五天后的傍晚，玄朗跑来说： “去见过了，真有点怪，可以去见见。” 问他是什么回事，玄朗说上次在景云那里听到的业行，那位留唐二十几年的僧人，自己已经去见过了，确实是一位怪人。你说他怎么个怪法，不见一见是很难说明的。过了两三天，普照又从荣睿口里听到了业行。 “留唐二十多年，只知道几个寺院的名字。他专门出入寺院，抄写经卷，从不上哪里看看，也不眼谁见面，只是抄了很多很多的经。” “你看这个人如何？” “我也不了解，也许是个了不起的人，也许是一个笨蛋。”荣睿说。 两人的话，引起普照对业行的关心，他们都说他是怪人，很想去见见他。 入秋以后，普照跟在日本时一样，寸阴必惜，每天伏案用功，学完了在船上没学完的《四分律行事钞》十二卷，又准备学入唐后新发现的法砺的《律疏》，舍不得费时间去看业行，但想到他也许搭这次遣唐船回国，以后没机会见面，有一天，过了正午，到闻名的郊外一个小寺院里去。 业行正在一间不向阳的南房，伏案执笔。普照走了进去，只觉这屋子又冷又阴。在他对面坐下，再看看周围，才觉得这屋子也不特殊，虽然是不向阳的南房，也不算特别阴森。满屋乱放着一捆捆纸包，不知是古书还是经卷。中间一张小小坐椅，业行端坐在上，好象是一直这样坐着，脸向来客。 大概快五十岁了，小个子，身体瘦弱，已入老境，也不能明确看出多少年纪，风度是很不出色的。 “最近来过一位，名字记不起了，你是他的朋友么？” 业行口气迟钝地说。这是初秋天气，气候还不很凉。他却两手捂在膝盖下，轻轻地抖动着身体。 “这次，你打算回国么？”普照问。 "Well." 业行暖昧地唔了一声，普照等他再说下去，可是他的嘴闭住了，没有再出声。 没有话说了，普照提出了几个准备这次回去的人名，说出一个，业行便把眼向普照一望，并不插话，脸上微微显出羞愧的神气。 "Do you know each other?" 普照又说了几个人名，他依然暖昧地应了一声： "Well." 他好象谁都没见过，没见过仲麻吕、玄昉、真备那些人还说得过去，看来是不是知道名字也很可疑。不管提到谁，他都显出羞愧的表情，开头普照以为他因为自己所学无成所以感到羞愧，后来看出他的表情与此无关，可能听了这些与己无关的话，有点穷于应付。 他的脸，是普照到唐以后所见到的，跟唐土最无关系的，完全是日本型的。不仅脸，就是身体也显得瘦小寒伧，是日本到处能见到的那种乡巴佬的样子。普照不问他，他就不吭声，普照渐渐想到自己不该再使他为难了。 “你去过长安么？” "Been there." “住过几年？” “晤，五年，不，去过好几次，合起来大概住过七八年的样子。” “什么时候到洛阳的？” “去年。”说了又补充道：“当然，从前也来过几次，全部合起来大概是四、五年吧。” "what are you doing?" “就是这，”他把下颏向案上一抬：“还有很多呢，开头开迟了，本来是想学一些的，白白化了好几年时间，失败了，人嘛，就是没有自知之明。早知道就好了，反正怎么用功也成不了事，可是现在迟了，不论经典，不论疏解，今天的日本都很需要有一字不苟的抄本，但到现在为止，带回去的全是些潦潦草草的东西。” 这几句话可说得很流利，大概是说出了他的真心话。一边说，一边还抖索着两腿。 多治比广成第九次遗唐使团从洛阳动身回国，是九月中旬。他们从洛阳到苏州，在苏州分别搭上四条大船，是十月底。 在大使广成的第一船上，搭上僧人玄昉和吉备真备二人。这两人是早已预定间去的。阿倍仲麻吕当时也预定回国，后来取消了，继续在唐留下。玄昉、真备虽颇负才名，到底是留学的身份，仲麻吕可是唐朝的官，又是玄宗的宠臣，进退就不那么自由了。他曾以故国双亲年迈为理由，奏请回国，没有得到恩准。 墓义余空名，尽忠难尽孝，报恩欲无日，归国知何朝。 《古今和歌集》目录中所收的这首诗，是仲麻吕当时的述怀。 在副使中臣名代的第二船里，乘客比较庞杂，受普照、荣睿邀请渡日的道璿，也在这条船上，学问僧理镜，和伴同理镜渡日的婆罗门僧菩提仙那，林邑国（安南）僧人佛哲和唐人皇甫东朝、袁晋卿，波斯人李密翳等等，济济一舟。外国人中以三十一岁的菩提仙那最为年长，这人渡日以后就归化了日本；以唐乐知名的袁晋卿，年龄最小，十八岁。在唐多年，一事无成的僧人景云搭在判官平群广成的第三船上。 同时从苏州出发的这四条船，给留唐青年僧人捎来第一次消息时，是次年开元二十四年（天平七年）的上元灯节夜（正月十五）。在唐无论城乡每年正月半前后数日，家家户户，一到晚上，张灯结彩，通宵达旦，人们在街头游玩。这几天，洛阳街头，每夜灯火通明，有些人家，在屋檐下挂出许多灯笼，也有特制灯架、灯棚，挂满灯笼的。每条街的十字路口，还点着火炬，在照耀如白昼的灯火光中，有唱歌的，有跳舞的。 上元节夜，普照在自己寮舍里等荣睿、玄朗二人，他们约好夜深同上街头观看盛况。戌时光景，玄朗来了，过了半刻荣睿也到了。荣睿一见二人，马上告诉他们一个消息，去年苏州出发的四条船，出海不久便遇上暴风，其中有一条漂到了越州（浙江省），又重新开到日本去了。 “这漂到越州的不知道是哪一条，能够平安到达的大概只有这条船了。据这船上的人说，另外三条，可能已经覆灭了。” 荣睿是上这儿来的一刻前，从扬州来的一位僧人那儿听到这消息的。他报告时脸上现出暗淡的神色，普照和玄朗听了这消息，脸色也暗淡起来了。 三人怀着暗淡的心情，走到正闹春节的异国的街头。延福坊的巷门平时晚上很早就关闭，这一夜却开放着。过了运河渠，沿永泰坊填筑地走去，快到南市时，夜空中映起一片红光，不一会，三人走进了人头汹涌的光亮的街上。普照曾查考过几本书，想了解上元张灯，元宵观灯这热闹的街头行事的出典，因此在拥挤的人群中，一边走一边想起了隋场帝的诗：“灯树千光耀，花焰七枝开”。这举世无双的繁华的节日街头，真如灯树千光坦，花焰七枝开所形容的景象。两句诗和它所形容的街景，渐渐在他胸中引起寂寞空虚的感觉。 约摸费了半刻功夫，观览了南市的盛况，三人便挤出人群，走到积善坊附近比较幽静的暗处，默默地走着。一到暗处，荣睿忽然说出了似乎已憋了好久的话：“四条船有一条到日本，就算不错了，要四条都能平安回国，可只有老天爷特别保佑了。”他又说： “是玄昉和真备的第一船到达好，还是道璿搭乘的第二船到达好？” 他这句话，是把玄昉、真备回国后对文化的贡献，和道璿去日对文化的贡献在做比较，普照不大同意他的想法，便没有作声。 玄朗另有自己的想法，他似乎一直在想这个问题，他用稍稍低沉的，掩饰自己心情的口气说：“本来打算用身体健康的理由去提出请求，设法搭这次的船回国的。好容易才息了这个念头，如果这次一起走了，说不定已经丧命了。” “我们将来能不能平安回国，现在还不能一定呢，说不定现在我们拚命求一点学问，只是为了将来沉到海底里去。”玄朗说。 普照觉得玄朗现在就在想尚未可知的，几年后回国的事，真没一点丈夫气。 可能荣睿对玄朗的话也有同感，他说： “我们三人可以分开乘船，有一条船能够到就好了。” 语气很不愉快，谈话便停止了。 不知不觉地，又走进了长夏门街的灯火中，前前后后都是拥挤的人群，叫唤声，夹着金属音的伴奏歌舞的器乐声，包围在他们的四周。时不时地，有火花落在他们身边。荣睿在人群中昂然地挺胸走着，他的脸色在灯光中显得苍白。玄朗跟在后面，被四周围的人群推来推去，向前拥去，他的脸映成红色。普照时时抬起冷眼，仰望灯火映红的夜空。他当然也担心大使广成、副使名代、玄昉和真备、道璿的安全，但那在唐土虚度半生，只身回国，自己只见过一面的老态龙钟的景云，总是执拗地恍惚在他的眼前。 广成大使第一船从苏州出海后一度漂到越州，重新开航，于十一月二十日才好容易到了多弥岛。这个消息传到洛阳，是上元节后约一个月的二月中旬了。 与此前后又听到消息，副使中臣名代的船漂到了南海，全船人员保住了生命。不久以后，名代和他的同行人中，有几个重新在洛阳街头露面，把这消息证实了。普照和荣睿去见了名代，慰问他们的遭难。据说，道璿还在出船地苏州，没有到洛阳来。 此年闰十一月，冬寒渐烈时，名代等人又从洛阳启程，重新踏上回国的路。那时，玄宗命张九龄草《勒日本国王书》，交名化带去。 名代离洛阳前，又从广州都督的报告里，知道判官平群广成第三船的消息。这船漂到了林邑国大部分人被土人杀害了，活下来的只有平群广成等四人。玄宗马上命令安南都护救济生存的人，听到第三船消息时，普照和玄朗谈景云的下落，仅仅四个人活下来，一定不会有那个老僧了。 次年，开元二十四年春，来唐已两年多的日本留学僧，有两件值得记载的事。其一，是荣睿、普照、玄朗、戒融四人，由大福先寺定宾受具足戒。其二，受戒后不久，戒融出走了。 戒融和另外三个日本留学僧，虽同住在大福先寺，却不大来往，只同普照还有些接触，一月一次或两月一次，偶然想起来便互相上寮舍探望。 每次戒融到普照那儿，普照总是伏案用功。相反地，普照去找戒融时，戒融屋子里一定有客人。客人是各式各样的，唐人之外，也有婆罗门僧，有时也有林邑国僧或是新罗僧。每次总看见戒融正和风貌不同的外国僧人在谈笑，虽然用的大概只是片言只语的外国话。 立春后约过半月光景，有一天，好久不见的戒融，突然来找普照，照旧用他那种傲慢的口吻，说他打算最近离开大福先寺，托缽云游。普照听了也不吃惊，知道戒融迟早会来这一着，因此也不留他，间他要到哪里去。戒融说，没有目的地。照规矩只好先到五台山，以后再去天龙山，然后转换方向，到庐山去。他说得好象在谈别人的事。 “庐山之后，准备走遍广阔的大唐，估计总会碰上些什么吧。” “想碰上什么呢？”普照问。 “这个，连我自己也不知道嘛。不过这国度里总该有些什么吧，让我走遍全国，一定会碰上的，不到时候可不能知道呀。” 戒融现在一心要走遍全唐，不管这国度多么大，普照却不相信会有什么新的东西。他以为要有什么新东西，就在自己不知道的经典中，新的经典正从印度不断传到这国度来，他以为浩如烟海的经典，要比唐土更加广大无边。 四五天后，普照在建春门外送别了行脚打扮的戒融。在早春的阳光下，伊水河的流水已经温暖，河边柳树在和风中徐徐摇曳，是李花待放的时节了，四周已见到一队队的游客。 戒融的出走，没引起多少议论。很多游方僧一路乞人布施，从这个寺院走到那个寺院。戒融有受朝廷供应衣食的资格，却情愿放弃，当然是个问题，幸而事情没引人注意，也胡涂过去了。只有荣睿对他很有意见，认为他的行动太不顾留学僧的身分。 从春到夏，普照到郊外寺院里去了三四次，探望在那