Chapter 57 Clean up old rivers and mountains from scratch

——Liu Yu went north to destroy the post-Qin In 405 A.D. (the first year of Emperor Andi Yixi), Yizhou general Hou Hui and others took advantage of the civil strife in the Eastern Jin Dynasty, supported the local clan Qiao Zong as the main force, called the king of Chengdu, and separated one side.Qiao Zong proclaimed the Queen, and later proclaimed Yao Xing as a minister to the later Qin Dynasty. Together with Huan Xuan's cousin Huan Qian, they continued to attack the Eastern Jin Dynasty, posing a great threat to the land of Jingchu. After Liu Yu defeated Liu Yi, he immediately promoted the general Zhu Lingshi, sent a large army to take Chengdu from the outer water, and sent suspicious soldiers to attack the inner water, making Qiao Zong weak.In June of 413 A.D. (the ninth year of Yixi Emperor An), the Jin army broke through Chengdu. Qiao Zong was desperate and hanged himself to death.So far, Bashu has been flattened and returned to the Eastern Jin Dynasty.

When the victories continued, Liu Yu was even more unscrupulous in doing things.Sima Xiuzhi, the royal family, was in the upper class of Jingzhou, "quite popular in Jianghan", and his son Sima Wensi, the king of Qiao, was "violent in nature and good at understanding chivalry" in the capital Jiankang, which aroused Liu Yu's jealousy. Kill Sima Wensi's subordinates, and hand over Sima Wensi to Sima Xiuzhi, meaning that Sima Xiuzhi wants Sima Wensi to kill Sima Wensi in Jiangling.After all, he was his own flesh and blood, and Sima Xiuzhi just asked to abolish the title of King Sima Wen Siqiao on the table, and wrote a letter of apology to Liu Yu.Liu Yu was "displeased", and killed Sima Xiu's second son Sima Wenbao and nephew Sima Wenzu in Jiankang in early 415 AD, and sent troops to attack Jiangling.

After all, Sima Xiuzhi belonged to the clan, so he immediately raised troops to resist, and Lu Zongzhi, governor of Yongzhou, and others also raised troops to respond.Liu Yu was unfavorable in the first battle, and his son-in-law Xu Kuizhi and several trusted generals died in the battle, forcing him to personally step forward and lead an army across the river in April.In desperation, Sima Xiu's father and son, Lu Zongzhi and others fled to Houqin to rely on Yaoxing. So far, there is no one in the Eastern Jin Dynasty who can compete with Liu Yu.The imperial court issued an imperial edict to grant Liu Yu Tai Tuo and Yangzhou Shepherd, to go to the palace with a sword, to enter the court, but not to praise him, and to make Liu Yu's third son Liu Yilong Duke, and to make Liu Yu's younger brother Liu Daolian the governor of Jingzhou.

In March of the twelfth year of Yixi Emperor An (416), Emperor Yao Xing of Later Qin died of illness, and Prince Yao Hong succeeded him. Emperor Yao Xing of the Later Qin Dynasty, styled Zilue, was a Qiang native. Since he ascended the throne in the 19th year of Taiyuan (394), he has been emperor for a total of 22 years.Yao Chang, the father of Yao Xing, was one of the worst emperors in Chinese history.Not long after Fu Jian founded the country, after his general Fu Huangmei killed Yao Xiang, he captured Yao Chang and was about to kill him immediately. Fortunately, Fu Jian, who was also a general at the time, persuaded him to save Yao Chang and buried Yao Yizhong with the ceremony of a prince. , Yao Xiang and his son treated Yao Chang with the utmost benevolence and righteousness.After Feishui's defeat, Yao Chang repaid virtue with grievances, making matters worse. He not only took advantage of the chaos to rebel, but eventually hanged Emperor Fu Jian to death in Xinping Buddhist Temple, which was full of immorality and smoke.

In his later years, Yao Chang often dreamed in the palace that Fu Jian led ghost soldiers to arrest him. He ran around the palace in the middle of the night, was regarded as a monster by the guards, and was stabbed in the genitals with a spear, bleeding profusely.Although it got better after being bandaged, her genitals were infected and her scrotum was swollen like a big watermelon.Before he died, Yao Chang knelt on the bed, kowtowed in the air, and repeatedly said: "Chen Chang, killing your majesty's brother (Yao) Xiang is not the crime of my minister, may your majesty spare my life."

Although Yao Chang lacked virtue, his son Yao Xing was one of the few benevolent emperors in Chinese history (of course, Shichen thought he was not Zhengshuo). After Yao Xing ascended the throne, he defeated Fu Deng, settled Guanzhong, and completely wiped out the remnants of the former Qin Dynasty.Yao Xing rejuvenated the country with Confucianism, taught farming and mulberry, recruited wise men, and accepted good words.In the summer of 399 AD, due to frequent natural disasters in the country at that time, Yao Xing made the act of surrendering the title of emperor himself, which is also a rare event in Chinese history.At the same time, he paid homage to the clan, punished corruption, and made good friends with neighboring countries. He also made a friendly move of cutting twelve counties to the Eastern Jin Dynasty.As an emperor, Yao Xing "has no gold and jade decorations on chariots and horses, and no embroidered clothes in the harem", he is very diligent, thrifty and honest.Moreover, Yao Xing's era was also a peak period when Buddhism was introduced to China. Kumarajiva, the master translator of Buddhist scriptures, paid homage to Yao Xing.At the same time, Yao Xing's Confucian education has reached the peak, and he is a leader with extremely high self-cultivation and personal morality among the emperors of the sixteen countries.

The gratifying and sad thing is that as long as the emperor is bookish, he lacks the cruelty and slaying attitude of a great politician. He is too tolerant, and sometimes he trains himself a gravedigger.The bald-haired Ji Tan from Nanliang, Juqu Mengxun from Beiliang, Helian Bobo from Daxia, and Qifu Gangui from Western Qin all got their lives because of Yao Xing's magnanimity. They turned against each other one after another, and they were able to conjure four countries from Yao Xing's men. In his later years, Yao Xing also made the most fatal mistake that a gentle emperor would make. He tolerated his son Yao Bi who conspired to seize the heir apparent, which almost caused a catastrophe for the court.Although Yao Hong's son-in-law succeeded to the throne in the end, he was entrusted to no one, cowardly and indecisive, and he was sincerely not the master of ordering chaos in troubled times.

Yao Hong, courtesy name Yuanzi, "Filial friends are tolerant and kind, but not useful for managing the world", such a cowardly and kind old man was unfortunately born in the troubled times of the sixteen kingdoms and the puppet. His birth was a mistake, and sitting on the throne of emperor is even more a Big misfortune.Before Yao Hong took off his filial piety, there was chaos in the Qin Dynasty. First, his elder brother Yao Min wanted to seize the throne, and later his younger brothers Yao Yi and Yao Hui wanted to kill him to replace him.He Lianbo had just plundered several counties and returned with a full load, when Liu Yu from the south came to kill aggressively with a large army. "The leak in the house was raining all night", Yao Hong frowned every day, he never enjoyed the pleasure of being a king for a day, but only felt that "the future is like a sea of ​​worries".

Liu Yu defeated Qin's army with a total of four groups of troops.The route destined for Xuchang and Luoyang was led by Wang Zhen'e and Tan Daoji.The destination is Wuguan along the way, led by Shen Tianzi and Fu Hongzhi; the two armies on the waterway, Shen Tianzi and Liu Zunkao, enter the river from Bianshui through Xingyang Shimen, and are Wang and Tan's auxiliary army; the other is led by Wang Zhongde, led by Duke Huan Du enters Qing and Ji from Surabaya, and then enters the river from Qing.Liu Yu himself later advanced forward through the route of Wang Zhongde's army. Wang Zhen'e and Tan Daoji were all capable generals, with sufficient soldiers and food, and attacked Xiangcheng, Xuchang and other places in one go.Yao Ming in Luoyang refused to listen to people's persuasion and did not stick to Jinyong. He went straight to the front of the Jin army and was defeated several times.

After conquering Luoyang, Liu Yu felt that his meritorious service was great, so he sent Wang Hong, his left chief, to return to Jiankang, "satire the imperial court and beg for Jiuxi".Liu Muzhi, who stayed behind in the capital, was originally Liu Yu's confidant. Seeing the lord's blatant act of usurping the throne, he was also "ashamed and afraid of getting sick" and was bedridden.Of course, the Jin court could only do so.At the beginning of the thirteenth year of Emperor An's Yixi (417), the Jin court issued an edict, taking Liu Yu as Xiangguo, Zong Baikui, and Yangzhou Mu, and enfeoffing ten counties as Song Gong, preparing nine ceremonies, and ranking above the princes and kings. "(Liu) Yu's resignation is not acceptable."Power ministers are good at performing political dramas, they just stretch out a tentacles to see the reactions inside and outside the court.

At the beginning, Liu Yu heard that Lu Xunjin was forcing Jiankang. On his way back from Guanggu's victory, he asked the imperial court for Taiwei Huangyue. His general Zhu Lingshi raised troops to attack Shu. I want to add myself as the Taifu and the general town of Yangzhou.Now, the conquest of Qin failed to see any results, and Liu Yu tried to test the court to add his own "Jiuxi", which shows the cunning and heroic side of this big gambler from the market.For Liu Yu's various actions, as in normal dynasties, the courtiers would have long yelled and scolded him as disloyalty and unrighteousness, coercion, self-respect, and treason.But at that time, the Jin Dynasty had lost the hearts of the people, and there was only one puppet of the foolish emperor. Everyone knew that being loyal to the Jin Dynasty would not lead to any good results. Liu Yu's campaigns in the east and the west are all in the hope of climbing the dragon and the phoenix, in order to make contributions to the new dynasty. Therefore, the more powerful Liu Yu is, the greater their hope.With this support, Liu Yu himself became increasingly "bold and reckless". For Wang Zhongde, the navy of the Eastern Jin Dynasty entered the Yellow River from the Qinghe River, and Wei Jian, the defender of the slippery platform in the Northern Wei Dynasty, was so frightened that he abandoned the city and fled without firing an arrow.The general of the Jin Dynasty behaved cheaply, and after occupying the sliding platform, he announced to the outside world: "We originally wanted to give Wei 70,000 pieces of cloth to attack Qin, but who would have thought that the defender of the sliding platform would abandon the city and run away!" Wei Lord Tuoba Si heard the news In a rage, he sent troops to the river, beheaded Wei Jian in front of the army, threw his body into the river, and asked why the Jin army invaded and occupied Wei's city. At that time, the Jin army didn't want to be an enemy of the Wei state and add more enemies, so they said that they would return it immediately after the Qin Dynasty was defeated.Taiwei Liu Yu also pretended to be humble, saying: "Luoyang, the old capital of Jin Dynasty, has always been occupied by the Qiang people. Our Jin army came here only to enter Luoyang to repair the mausoleum. Moreover, the Qin people have always taken in the Jin Dynasty rebels. General, Jin is a trouble, now we are using the way to attack Qin, and we really don't want to be an enemy of Wei." Although the diplomatic rhetoric is beautiful, the Jin and Wei countries are still at war with each other, each with their own ghosts, and pay close attention to each other's every move. In February of the thirteenth year of Emperor Yixi's reign (417), Liu Yu set out from Pengcheng to take part in the Northern Expedition in person with the water diversion army. Wang Zhen'e, Tan Daoji and others have joined forces at Tongguan and launched a fierce attack on Yao Shao's defenders.Yao Shao is the uncle of Yao Hong. He is strategic and good at fighting. He adopts the method of defending the city, hoping that the Jin soldiers who are alone will go deep into the old city.At the same time, he sent General Yao Luan to cut off the Jin army's food road. Unexpectedly, Yao Luan lost his head by stealing chickens, but he was stolen by the Jin army instead. Thousands of Qin soldiers were killed together with the main general. After Liu Yu's water army entered Qinghe, they would go back to the west of the Yellow River. In order to avoid friction with the Wei army, they pretended to be polite and sent an envoy to Wei Guo, expressing that he wanted to borrow the way. Wei Guo sent troops to rescue. Minister Cui Hao said: "Yao Xing is dead, Yao Hong is cowardly, and Liu Yu takes advantage of the danger to attack people, and his ambition will be taken. If we stop his army, Liu Yu will be angry and go to the shore to invade the north. Our Wei State It is to be attacked on behalf of the Qin Dynasty. Now, Rouran is invading in the north, and the people are short of food. If there is a war with Liu Yu, the north and the south will lose sight of the other. It is better to let Liu Yu go to the west and then station troops to block the east. If Liu Yu wins, it will be because of our borrowing. He is grateful; if Liu Yu is defeated, we have the name of saving Qin, and we can attack him for profit when he retreats." Tuoba Si didn't listen, and with Situ Changsun Song supervising all the military forces in Shandong, Zhenwu General Eqing and Jizhou Governor Abogan were led to ride 100,000 villages on the North Bank of the Yellow River to wait for the Jin army. After Liu Yu's water army entered the river, he was also deeply worried when he saw Wei's army moving along the river.Wang Zhen'e and others urgently sent someone to come. He opened the window of the boat, pointed to the Wei army by the river and said, "I told you to wait for the army to arrive before attacking Luoyang. How should I divide my troops and deploy generals!" If you are angry, you are angry, and Wei Jun, who is like a ghost on the shore, just ignores him.They traveled all the way and followed Liu Yu's fleet on the north bank.All the small boats of the Jin soldiers that floated to the north bank due to the strong wind were all shot by the arrows and guns of the Wei soldiers, and there was not a single one left.Liu Yu sent troops to chase after him. As soon as the Jin army landed, the cavalry of the Northern Wei Dynasty ran away quickly.The Jin army withdrew to the boat, and the Wei army came out again and continued to follow the boat. In May, Liu Yu came up with a trick. He sent Ding Yi, the leader of the Baizhi team (the militia captain), to lead seven hundred soldiers, give him hundreds of chariots, cross the north bank, and set up a line at the water's edge more than a hundred steps away from the river. But the moon formation", "Embrace the river at both ends, put seven warriors in the car, and when the work is over, erect a white tree." Wei Jun couldn't understand, and he didn't know what Jin Jun was playing, so he stood still.Suddenly, Zhu Chaoshi, the general of Ningshuo of the Jin Dynasty who had been waiting for orders, saw the white tree shaking, and led two thousand Jin troops to rush ashore, bringing a total of one hundred bed crossbows. , forming a very strange formation. When the Wei army saw that the Jin army had finished forming, they also lined up to meet them.Sun Song, the commander-in-chief of the Wei army, led 30,000 cavalry as backup behind the infantry. No reduction. At the critical moment, Zhu Chaoshi resorted to the secret weapons he had prepared long ago—hundreds of sledgehammers and more than a thousand sledgehammers.The Jin army first broke the long basket from the wooden pole in the middle into two pieces, only three or four feet long. Then, a soldier stood forward holding the basket, and the soldiers behind him hit the handle with a sledgehammer. Vigorously, three or four people will be pierced to death in one blow, like candied haws on a string. "Wei soldiers can't be a soldier, they collapse for a while, and the dead accumulate."Abogan, a general of the Wei army, was also beheaded before the battle, and the rest retreated to Pancheng.When the Jin army gained power, they chased and killed them all the way, beheading thousands of Wei soldiers. After hearing the words, Tuoba Si, the Lord of Wei, realized that the Jin soldiers were brave, and regretted not using Cui Hao's words.However, Tuoba Si still had doubts about whether Liu Yu could defeat the Later Qin Dynasty, so he asked Cui Hao: "Can Liu Yu defeat Yao Hong?" Cui Hao said, "It's definitely possible." Tuoba Si asked: "Why?" Cui Hao said: "In the past, Yao Xing's good deeds were in name but seldom practical. His son Yao Hong was weak and sick, and his brothers fought each other. Liu Yu took advantage of the danger and advanced. The soldiers are fine and brave, and they will surely win!" Tuoba Si asked again: "How does Liu Yu compare with Murong Chui?" Cui Hao replied: "Liu Yu's talent is of course superior to that of Murong Chui. Murong Chui borrowed money from his father and brother to repair the old business, and the people of his country returned to him, like a night insect on fire. With a little support, it is easy to make meritorious deeds. Liu Yu rose from the humble, In a land without a foot of land, conquer Huanxuan, revive the Jin family, capture Murong Chao in the north, and Lu Xun in the south, with nowhere to go, you can be said to be extraordinary!" As a result, the Wei army no longer dared to beat the Jin army lightly, and Liu Taiwei arrived in Luoyang smoothly. At such a critical moment, not to mention the repeated defeats of the Qin army, the most important commander of the enemy, Lu Gong Yao Shao, fell ill and vomited blood and died of anxiety and anger. In August, Liu Yu arrived in Shaanxi.Shen Tianzi and Fu Hongzhi entered Wuguan and entered Chunni (now Lantian, Shaanxi). Shen Tianzi and others will attack Yao Liu.The Lord of Qin, Yao Hong, also made up his mind to march in person.He led an army of tens of thousands of horses, and wanted to fight Liu Yu's main force head-on, but he was afraid that Shen Tianzi's Jin army would attack from behind. fight. If a person is unlucky, drinking cold water is really stuffy.Shen Tianzi's team was originally a "suspect soldier" who confused the Qin army, and there were only a thousand soldiers in total.Suddenly hearing the spy report, Yao Hong led an army of tens of thousands to arrive soon, and Shen Tianzi was about to raise his troops to fight.Fu Hongzhi was prudent, and persuaded that the number of troops was too small, and he wanted to retreat. "Soldiers are precious and useful, so there is no need to be in the crowd. Moreover, the number of the enemy and us is too far apart. When the enemy is in a solid formation, it will be too late for us to escape. It is better to take advantage of the beginning, and the camp has not yet been established, and we can make meritorious deeds!" Yan Yan After that, Shen Tianzi turned around and said to the soldiers: "All the armies have ventured far away, and they are looking for today's battle. If you have to fight to the death, you can win the title!" When the Jin soldiers heard the words, they all cheered enthusiastically, holding short soldiers in their hands, and shouted to fight the Qin army. Without the slightest mental preparation, the Qin army suddenly rushed out of the woods with a group of desperate Jin soldiers, panicked, turned around and fled, and was defeated by the Jin soldiers beheading more than 10,000 people.Yao Hongben returned to Bashang, and all his royal guards of honor were captured by the Jin army. Wang Zhen's attack on Tongguan was not enough, so he asked Liu Yu for instructions to transfer the navy from the Yellow River into the Weishui River and attack Chang'an directly. The Jin Dynasty water army led by Wang Zhen'e all rode on the small boats, and the soldiers all hid in the boats and rowed downwards.The people of Qin had never seen this kind of boat, they only saw the boat go away without anyone showing their oars and rowing, "everyone was shocked and thought they were gods". After Wang Zhen'e's first army arrived at Weiqiao, he immediately ordered the soldiers to eat on board.Then, land on the shore with a spear, and strictly order "the one who climbs later will be beheaded"!After the soldiers went ashore, the boat had no cables or anchors, and the Weishui River was swift, and all the Hulala floated away along the water, and there was not a single boat left. Wang Zhen'e mobilized before the battle: "All of our family members are in the south of the Yangtze River. This is the North Gate of Chang'an, thousands of miles away from home. The clothing and food of the ships and ships have all been lost with the current. If we win the battle now, we will show our fame and fame." .Invincible, no bones left! Everyone work hard!" At the end of the speech, Wang Zhen'e took the lead, and was the first to charge forward. Behind him, the Jin soldiers stood in a desperate situation, and their courage doubled.Qin general Yao Pi came to resist and was immediately killed and defeated.Qin Lord Yao Hong heard the news and led his troops to go there. Just in time for Yao Pi's defeated army to retreat, his own people trampled and pushed, causing countless casualties. "(Yao) Hong returned to the palace alone." Wang Zhen's evil army invaded Pingshuo Gate in Chang'an. Yao Hong panicked, discussed with his family members in the palace, and wanted to leave the palace and surrender.His son Yao Fonian was eleven years old and said to his father: "The people of Jin will do what they want, and they won't let us live. Why don't we kill ourselves first!" Yao Hong just didn't answer.I have read a lot of sages and sages, but when it comes to "the king's death in the country", I really can't make up my mind. Yao Fo Nian is a small man with great ambition.He climbed onto the palace wall and threw himself to the ground to die. Yao Hong had no choice but to lead his wife and several people to Liu Yu's camp at the city gate to surrender.Yao Hong's younger brother, Yao Zan, also brought more than a hundred people from the clan to surrender.At this time, Liu Yu showed the cruel and brutal side of the market hooligans, and immediately executed all the post-Qin clan and women except Yao Hong on the spot, and the camp was full of blood.Then, he escorted Yao Hong to Jiankang in a limousine car, and killed him in the middle of the busy city to show his fame. Yao Hong died at thirty and reigned for two years.Counting from Yao Chang, there were three generations in the later Qin Dynasty, thirty-two years. According to historical records, after Yao Hong was killed, "within a hundred miles of Jiankang, all the vegetation died."In fact, the dead vegetation must have been caused by drought or plant pests. Shi Chen recorded the incident in a tactful way to express his sympathy for the benevolent emperor.In the Qing Dynasty, Kangxi personally bowed down to the statue of Confucius, and the Han Confucians were so moved that they felt that foreign emperors were willing to bow their knees to the ancestors.As early as when Yao Hong was the crown prince, his teacher Chunyu Qi fell ill. Yao Hong went to his home to inquire about the illness and worshiped him under the bed.Taking the importance of the crown prince and worshiping the master personally, Yao Hong was more than a thousand years earlier than Kangxi. Moreover, although Yao Xing and Yao Hong belong to the Qiang nationality, their form of rule is completely based on the Han system, and there is no "Hu-Han partition" and no ethnic oppression policy. He is the heir to the spirit of Emperor Fu Jian.Regrettably, in the bloody and troubled times of the Sixteen Kingdoms, with the Xiaoqiang disaster and frequent civil strife, Yao Hong's defeat is also reasonable. However, what we are curious about today is, when Liu Yu watched the soldiers chopping melons and vegetables in the camp, he was bleeding and wailing, whether he remembered that Yao Xing made him not move a knife in the past Take back the old love of the twelve counties with one soldier?At that time, he had not long since pacified Huanxuan, and his foothold was not stable. With such a big favor, could he just repay it by killing his descendants?