Chapter 3 Chapter 1 The Stages of China's Modernization Movement

This article was originally an English lecture note written by the author in the late 1950s. After being encouraged by Mr. Hu Shizhi, it was rewritten in Chinese and was originally intended to be published in "Free China" in Taiwan.Later, due to the repeated difficulties of the journal, we organized a new Chinese monthly magazine overseas, called "Overseas Forum", which was edited in New York and published in Hong Kong.This article was republished from the first and second series of "Overseas Forum" published in 1960.Although it has been 40 years since I first wrote this manuscript, and the vicissitudes have changed several times, when I reread it today, my personal thoughts are still consistent, and what is said in the article does not seem to have much contact with the historical development of the past 40 years.Therefore, it is wise to republish it here.In addition to adding a sentence and slightly changing three or five unnecessary adjectives, the whole article is left as it is.The words of Mr. Sun Yat-sen quoted in this article were not indicated in the original text contained in the "Overseas Forum".In this article, it is added so that serious readers can check it. (The author's supplementary journal was published in the Spring Festival of 1998)

The "revolution", "restoration", "reform", "reform" or "improvement" that have taken place in our country in the past century is really hard to count.Generally speaking, these movements originated from the desire of people with lofty ideals to save the country and the people.In order to carry out these campaigns born of desire, I don't know how many sages and martyrs have shed their blood for it.However, these "movements" are still in the ascendant today. If we try to read the modern history of China, at first glance, we really feel that this is an inexplicable bad debt.

But today, if we look back and analyze the historical relics of the past hundred years carefully, we feel that there seem to be clues to follow in this bad debt.We try to compare "Tongzhi Zhongxing", "Reform of 1898", "1911 Revolution", "May 4th Movement", "Northern Expedition", "Anti-Japanese War" and even the CCP's sweeping across the mainland with the "democracy and freedom" movement that is growing today After connecting them together and making a systematic analysis, we will find that these important historical sites did not happen independently.Instead, they occur one after the other, layered together to form a total movement.And the above-mentioned movements are only the stages of this "general movement".In a word, this "general movement" is China's "modernization movement"—that is, the "transformation movement" of modern China's politics, society and culture.

It should be noted that this "modernization movement" is not a unique phenomenon in my country, it is worldwide.In short, at the beginning of the nineteenth century, after the Industrial Revolution in Western Europe, Western culture developed outwards with its commerce and military force, causing a reformative reaction within other cultures of the world.To borrow a term from Professor Arnold J. Toynbee's philosophy of history, it is the phenomenon of "challenge-and-response" between cultures. However, the "challenge" of Western culture causes different "responses" in different national cultures.For example, religion is still a great challenge to the cultures of the Middle East, India, Africa and other nations.But in our country, it has become the best topic for us to challenge Western culture.In short, due to the differences in the nature of national cultures, the content and characteristics of their responses to the modernization movement are also different.

What are the contents and characteristics of the modernization movement reflected in our country?The author does not think superficially, and tries to summarize it into six major projects as follows: 1. The state form of an independent "nation-state".This kind of state form is obviously quite different from our country's inherent "people have no two kings" universal state form (universal state). Second, the industrialization and socialization of the national economy.my country's inherent agricultural national economy and unequal wealth distribution system. 3. It is in line with human rationality and science, and can adapt to the moral standards and social systems of industrialized society.Our country's old morality and old social system, all those that cannot be compatible with these three points (for example: "Three Cardinal Guidelines", blind marriage, chastity, clan system, etc.) are gradually abandoned in the process of modernization.

4. Specialized research in natural sciences and social sciences. 5. Popularization of education and its tools. 6. Democratic politics.That is to say, it is a political system that is sufficient to guarantee basic human rights, adopts the principles of majority decision and the rule of law, and is elected. Taking these six points, we are not saying that there is no such theory in ancient Chinese academic thought.On the contrary, these six concepts can all find their basis in our cultural heritage.But those grounds are only the ideals of a few scholars.It did not become the foundation of our nation.It did not form a movement that was accepted by the masses, became popular for a while, and became a movement of "harmonizing the whole country".

We are not saying that these six major items have been completed in the so-called "Western Civilization".We mean that in their civilization these six items have become themes, and the trend of their whole culture is in this direction.Since the resurgence of Tongzhi in my country, under the challenge of Western culture, our country has also developed in this direction step by step.However, the driving force behind our development is simply the “challenge” of Western culture. Just because our "modernization movement" took place under the challenge of Western culture, the process of our "challenge" is very difficult.Because we want to modernize, we don't just have to "introduce the new", we also have to "remove the old".Mr. Sun Yat-sen is the one who knows the most about the bitterness of this work of removing the old and building the new.That's why he said: "There is nothing difficult to destroy in a revolutionary cause, and nothing easy to build." Looking back at the historical facts of my country's modernization movement in the past century, and all kinds of movements, all of them are "destroying the old and building the new" in this work. " and "construction".Due to the different nature of these movements, they also mark the obvious "stages" in my country's modernization movement.

Try reading the speeches of major contemporary thinkers and revolutionary mentors in our country.We know that most of them only focused on certain stages or certain topics in this "modernization movement" as a whole, so they only paid attention to certain tasks and ignored other items.For example, those who engaged in "barbarian affairs" or "Westernization" in the early days only paid attention to the ship gun policy of "learning from barbarian skills to control barbarians". However, there were also a small number of "foresights" who saw the trend of contemporary modernization and advocated the overall modernization of our country's politics, economy, society, and culture.However, most of these people are "one revolution" theorists, and they advocate that the century-old plan of "modernization" be "completed in one battle"!

Mr. Sun Yat-sen is such a person.After the Revolution of 1911, his old man established a "revolutionary strategy" for a nine-year plan.He said that if he continued to follow his "strategy", within nine years China would become a fully modernized emerging country.Unexpectedly, the first person who disagreed with his strategy was none other than his group of persevering believers, the "old comrades" of the Tongmenghui.So Mr. Zhongshan sighed and said: ... At the beginning of the founding of the Republic of China, Yu strongly advocated the implementation of the revolutionary strategy to achieve the goal of revolutionary construction and the implementation of the Three People's Principles;After Yu Xiaoyu repeated and debated again and again, the death was ineffective.Does it mean that Yu's ideal is too high, knowing that it is not difficult, and doing it is also difficult.Alas!Is it because his ideals are too lofty?Could it be that the knowledge of the party members at that time was too low?So I can't help feeling disheartened!

Why did those old comrades suddenly distrust the revolutionary mentor when they were in the mountain nine?Historians are mystified.Hu Shizhi said: "In the early years of the Republic of China, the fact that the Democratic Party did not trust his (referring to Zhongshan's) plan is of great research value." In fact, this is not a puzzling thing.From one point of view, party members do not trust the party leader, of course it is because the party members have "too low knowledge"; but from another point of view, is it because the party leader has not grasped the times and divorced from the masses?With a high level of understanding of modern knowledge, the knowledge of the "party members" who were born and died for the revolution is too low, so how can the "common people" follow Jing Cong?

The Revolution of 1911 led by Mr. Sun Yat-sen was indeed one of the greatest revolutions in world history.But the Kuomintang members and their mentors who led this great revolution still said "the revolution has not yet succeeded" when they were dying!Communists with their own partisan prejudices fundamentally denied the "1911 Revolution" as a "revolution."The reason why they are like this is because they are all revolutionaries.Think of Chinese history as a car.They want to drive the car to their predetermined destination according to their predetermined route.In other words, they all hope to transform a big nation with a cultural foundation of three thousand years and a special way of life into a new culture and a new national form that they designate in a very short period of time. But China's history of nearly a hundred years tells us that their wishes have all come to nothing.This ancient culture is changing, and it is changing step by step in the direction of modernization.But it did not follow the instructions of any man or god to "transform itself".Instead, it changes from stage to stage.No force can prevent it from moving forward, nor can any force force it to jump forward by "pushing the seedlings to grow".In other words, any individual or group that has been up and down in China's modernization movement for nearly a century cannot be left behind, but it must not wait.In the sixth year of the Republic of China, Kang Youwei, who followed Zhang Zhuaishuai to Beijing to carry out the restoration movement, was "falling behind".He was so outdated that even his most loyal student, Liang Qichao, called him "brazen".Mr. Sun Yat-sen wanted to engage in "equalization of land rights" before 1911, and that was his old man's "waiting".Wait until even the "old comrades of the League" call him "cannon". It's sad to be outdated, but it doesn't matter.Why does the leaping forward bravely have the opposite effect?Historical facts tell us that China's modernization movement was completed in stages.Each stage has a theme and several subtopics for each stage.The theme is the "top priority" of each stage.The subtopic (which may be the theme of the next stage) is often "not urgent" at this stage.The means of accomplishing the subject and subtheme may be sacral. Therefore, concentrating on completing the main topic may increase the difficulty in solving sub-topics.However, those who forget the main theme and focus on the sub-theme are often cast aside at this stage.The ancients said: "A gentleman focuses on the basics, and the Dao is born from the basics." He also said: "Knowing the sequence of events is the shortest path." If you forget the main topic and focus on the sub-topic, you will be "putting the cart before the horse" and "not knowing the sequence." Therefore, in modern Chinese history, at various stages, all social forces engaged in solving the theme of "urgent tasks" are often progressive and successful.At the same time, those who do not know the priority, focus on sub-topics, and do not urgent tasks will fail.This kind of social power that is not urgent is bound to be harmful at this stage! However, if China's modernization movement enters the next stage, both the theme and the sub-theme will change at the same time.What was previously a subtopic may become a main topic.If the progressive social forces of the previous stage cannot progress along with changes in the theme, this force will inevitably become a force that hinders China's modernization. This kind of repeated changes and the prosperity of social forces are clearly revealed in the modern history of China.Please apply for it. Today we trace the historical facts of my country's modernization movement, from "Tongzhi Zhongxing" to the current "Democratic Freedom Movement", if we divide it according to the nature of each movement, it can be roughly divided into four major stages and several small stages. From the establishment of the Zongli Yamen in the first year of Tongzhi (1861) to the signing in the 21st year of Guangxu (1895), it can be regarded as the first stage of my country's modernization movement.The theme of this stage is "Westernization".Because our country experienced the lessons of the Opium War and the failure of the British and French allied forces, Chinese people began to understand the practical science of Western culture in strong ships and guns.Therefore, from Prince Gong down, people of insight competed for "Westernization".Only in this way can there be a new type of Beiyang navy and various road and mining machinery and shipping administrations at the same time.Regardless of the opposition of the conservatives at that time, the construction of "Westernization" during this period was quite successful.Later Zhang Zhidong said in his book "Encouraging Learning" that "Chinese academics are subtle, well-known and well-known, as well as world-class classics, all of which are complete, but it is enough to take what the Westerners have made and make up for what I don't catch. "A set of theories" was in fact the "philosophical basis" of the "Westernization" movement during this period.Zhang said what the public wanted to say, so his theory of "Chinese learning is the essence and Western learning is practical" is also a new popular theory.It was also the "fallacy" of "changing summers with barbarians" that the conservatives at the time swore to oppose to the end. However, after the Sino-Japanese War, the theory of Chinese learning as the body and Western learning as practical was gradually abandoned.The people of the country went further to talk about "reform".It should be noted that those who talk about the reform did not deny that Western learning can be "used".So far, the Chinese people have accepted the practical science of the West obediently, and they are talking about the "reform of laws and systems" in the Western style.Therefore, political reform and system reform is the theme of my country's modernization movement in the period from Yiwei to 1911! Kang Youwei advocated "a constitutional monarchy"; Sun Yat-sen advocated "establishing a republic of China".Although the two of them differed in slow progress and radical progress, their basic attitudes towards reform and system reform were the same.The downfall of the Qing court contributed to the success of the radicals and completed the second stage of China's modernization movement. In addition to advocating political reform and system reform, the Kang and Sun clans both saw other aspects—the thorough reform of society, culture, education, and economy.Kang's other author is "The Book of Great Harmony"; Sun's is also the author of "Three People's Principles".However, the reforms in these aspects were all "sub-topics" at the time and were not the top priority, so they could not arouse the reaction of the masses.Just like the last four characters in the alliance's oath "to drive out the Tartars, restore China, establish the Republic of China, and equalize land rights", they are the most criticized by people in the party.Some domestic branches of the League even simply deleted these four characters.This kind of deletion is definitely not for the purpose of "preserving the interests of the bourgeoisie itself", as the historians of the Communist Party say.The main reason is that this item is not a "top priority".Its importance was overshadowed by the "theme" of the time and could not arouse the reaction of the so-called "revolutionary masses". Dai Jitao said: "As far as revolutionary thinking and knowledge are concerned, many party members in the previous era were really terribly ugly. When the former Prime Minister was in power, every time a goal was set, everyone always pushed it backwards desperately! This is because the "advance policy" could not arouse the reaction of the masses in the "previous era". But times move on. The reaction of the masses to the "advance policy" in the later period will be different.Since the founding of the Republic of China in 1989, Chinese people's understanding of the challenges of Western culture has gone a step further.They feel that only political reforms are not enough to establish a new type of country.Hence the continued demand for general political, economic, social, cultural, etc. reforms.This requirement pushed China's modernization movement into the third stage, and the so-called "New Culture Movement" around the "May 4th Movement" broke out. The most incisive slogan of the leaders of the "New Culture Movement" at that time was: "Reassess all values ​​with a scientific and critical attitude." Many (we didn't say "all") old goods in "Kongjiadian" have become worthless waste.In addition, "all values" such as Sakyamuni, Zhu Xi, Wang Yangming, and even the recently imported Jesus have become problems. Once the old shackles are removed, the minds of the Chinese nation will suddenly be liberated unprecedentedly.Therefore, the "New Culture Movement" of the "May 4th" era was actually a "sabotage movement" that Sun Yat-sen said that "there is nothing difficult to destroy a revolutionary cause."In fact, apart from its other brilliant achievements in literary improvement, its other achievements are nothing more than that. The masters of the "May 4th Movement" mastered the weapon of "scientific and critical attitude" and destroyed the old things utterly.But what have they built on the ashes of destruction? They did put forward two constructive slogans of "science" and "democracy".But what is science and what is democracy?Not only were the children who were waving the flag at the time ignorant of what they were talking about; the leaders at the time also failed to utter a complete set of doctrines to replace what they had destroyed.Therefore, the "immediate consequence" of the "May 4th Movement" is an unprecedented "anarchy" in the ideological world! Furthermore, the "May 4th Movement" destroyed only old ideas.However, the old social system produced by the old ideas has not been shaken.Therefore, in order to complete the unfinished work of the "May 4th Movement" and draw a blueprint for future construction, various "isms" have emerged one after another. Let's look at what Mr. Sun Yat-sen said.On December 2, the twelfth year of the Republic of China, Mr. Sun Yat-sen delivered a speech when he held a feast for the revolutionary generals in Guangzhou after defeating Chen Jiongming, Shen Hongying and other warlords.Zhongshan said: It has been twelve years since the founding of the Republic of China.There has not been a single day in these twelve years without incident.What is the reason for this turmoil?Simply put, it is the clash of old and new trends..., old ideas are a hindrance to progress; always bind the crowd.We ask the crowd to be free, to break down barriers to progress, so we cannot help breaking down old ideas.What standard should I ask you guys to break down the old thinking today?Roughly speaking, it takes a doctrine as a standard. Those who believed in Sun Yat-sen at that time of course took the "Three Principles of the People" as their standard.Those who don't believe in the Three Principles of the People will naturally come up with other "isms".Therefore, in just a few years after the "May 4th Movement", there were "Communists", "Nationalists", "Socialists", "Fascist" groups, "Anarchist" groups, and even "Experimentalist" groups. "All of them have their own sects came into being.The Kuomintang and its Three People's Principles, which had long been forgotten by comrades in the party, became active again and carried out reorganization. These emerging parties and even the reorganized "Chinese Nationalist Party" were all born after the "May 4th Movement".Its nature is absolutely different from the "KMT", "Republican Party" and "Progressive Party" in the early years of the Republic of China.The party in the early years of the Republic of China was a purely Anglo-American party. The party after the "May 4th Movement" was a party that focused on social movements and cultural reforms. Let’s look at the views of the founder of the Chinese Communist Party, and later the most influential anti-communist theorist Dai Ji Dow in the Kuomintang, on the reorganization of the Kuomintang.He said: "After the eighth year of the Republic of China (that is, after the "May 4th Movement"), domestic youths... gradually became conscious, from talking about the cultural movement, to a part of the social movement, and then to a specific national revolutionary movement. The reorganization of the party in the past few years has been linked together, and the reorganization of the Chinese Kuomintang has almost come true." But look at the CCP!In the early days of the Kuomintang’s acceptance of the CCP, the number of party members was actually no more than a few dozen.It grew up parasitic in the Kuomintang.By the time of the Northern Expedition, it had become a force that seriously undermined the "national revolution".At that time, it abandoned the two themes of that stage—overthrowing the warlords and overthrowing imperialism—and concentrated all its efforts on the "subthemes" that were not urgently needed—agrarian revolution and social revolution.The rear of the Northern Expeditionary Army was coaxed into a miasma.Some sons were fighting bloody warlords in the front, but Lao Tzu was paraded in the street by the "peasant association" wearing a paper hat in the rear.When the warlords and imperialists ruled the area, there was still peace and prosperity, and the areas liberated by the Northern Expeditionary Army turned into class struggle. Military dictatorship paved the way. The results of it?The Communist Party was bloody "cleared" out of the Kuomintang.It refused to accept, but continued to riot, and ended up fleeing for 25,000 miles.If it weren't for the Japanese warlords' invasion of China, the Chinese Communist Party would have long been a name in history.After surviving death, it has to shout long live to the "new warlords" and "enemies of the people" that it once announced the death penalty.The reason for this is that they mistook the "subtitle" for the "theme" and did not know the sequence.It almost destroyed the Northern Expedition and hindered the War of Resistance.It is an evil force at that stage, and it is an out-and-out counter-revolutionary at that stage. But after the victory of the Anti-Japanese War, the situation changed completely.The two major themes of the previous national revolution were basically completed.Therefore, the previous "subtitle" has now become a "topic".The new "themes" were "land reform" and "social reform".This stage also has a "subtitle", which is the "democracy and freedom" movement carried out by "democrats".Regarding this topic, the Communist Party started out with rich experience; it has also learned well about this "sub-topic".And pretending to be a "democratic and free" face, making the "United Front" more impressive.The Kuomintang was completely isolated. As for the KMT?It itself is a revolutionary party, but now it can no longer find the object of revolution.It completed the two major themes in the early stage; but it was unable to grasp the new theme after the Anti-Japanese War.Its senior leaders lacked vision, and the party itself was too entrenched to take responsibility for the new themes of the new stage.Therefore, a revolutionary party with unrivaled feats became the target of others' revolution at this time.Those who read history have more than enough regrets! The CCP has ruled the mainland for ten full years. What is it doing on the mainland? The old slogan of "democratic freedom", it has been completely abandoned. (The situation is also like the Kuomintang's abandonment of the "workers and peasants policy.") Because that was originally a deception in the "United Front" era. As for "land reform" and "social reform"?With these two points, it really started to bloody.But all it has done is to completely destroy the old system.The heroes of the "May 4th Movement" destroyed our country's "old thinking" to pieces; now the heroes of the "11th Movement" have completely destroyed our country's "old system".Therefore, our country's previous "multi-centered society" (multi-centered society) has changed into a CCP autocracy in just a few years; simple society.In other words, all the old "fathers and brothers", "gentlemen and directors", "teachers", "big dragon heads" and other forces that stabilized society in our country were all destroyed and replaced by this new ruling class secret police and pistol. Although our country's old social system no longer meets the requirements of "modernization", it should be changed.But does a society controlled by secret police and pistols conform to the modern civilization of the twentieth century?It seems that there is no need to repeat this point! That's why we say that the historical task of the Chinese Communist Party is to destroy society, and the destruction of the "May 4th Movement" has not yet been completed.When the mission of destruction is over, so is itself! The Communist Party of China has been clamoring for revolution for decades. Now, besides itself, where is the target of the revolution? Just look at the "rightist" anti-government wave during the CCP's "opening up", and the current "democracy and freedom" movement overseas and in Taiwan. History has clearly told us that the modernization movement has entered another major stage. At this stage, the CCP only refers to the "rightists" who are fighting for "democracy and freedom" on the mainland as "contradictions among the people" and dare not call them "counter-revolutionaries."Because this "rightist" did come from within the CCP, and most of the hardcore elements are those who have "served the people".It is not a "US-Chiang spy" who can be killed. What about Taiwan?It is now also in a very painful contradiction over this issue.On the one hand, it wants to use the banner of "democracy and freedom" to oppose the Communist Party; on the other hand, it wants to suppress the mass movement generated by this slogan. All of these are sufficient to show that the “subtitle” of the previous stage of China’s modernization movement has now become the “theme” of this stage.This "theme" cannot be reversed.It will be popular in China ten, eight, thirty, and fifty years later.Modern Chinese history tells us that the themes of the previous stages were completed only after going through untold hardships. The history of world culture also tells us that cultural challenges cannot be ignored.The history of Chinese culture has also told us that Chinese culture can not only absorb the advantages of foreign cultures, but also can carry forward to make it exceed the level of its mother culture.Chinese Buddhism is an example. Since the idea and system of "democracy and freedom" is a major subject of Western culture's challenge to our culture, our culture will never ignore it accordingly.On the contrary, our culture will not cease to be shaken by this challenge until we are able to digest it and develop it. my country's culture is reflected in this direction. The biggest obstacle at this stage is the Chinese Communist Party.It is willing to drag Chinese culture into the dead end of Slavic culture.According to the process of China's modernization in the past century, the CCP is already on the way to the museum of ancient relics.The reason why it is still unscrupulous and domineering today is because it has also grasped an important topic of modernization construction-China's industrialization.This is the only thing that the CCP official newspaper can really boast about today.Overseas Chinese hate the CCP deeply, and sometimes it is inevitable that the CCP will boast of this to foreigners.It is the "continuation soup" of the CCP today. China's industrialization is a major event that any regime should do.If Wang Agou next door became the "chairman", he also wanted to implement industrialization.It's just that the way of industrialization may be different, but no one can avoid the difficult process.In the process of industrialization in the United States, big entrepreneurs forced small entrepreneurs to commit suicide.Investors have also made scandals like "Black Friday".However, in the process of industrialization in the Soviet Union, did millions of women and children starve to death, and forced to export grain in exchange for foreign exchange supplies? The CCP’s industrialization today is to adopt the Russian-style planned economy method, and use up all the manpower and materials in the country.As the saying goes: "If you want to use iron, even the rice cooker will be destroyed!" Isn't this the reality of the CCP today?Therefore, the CCP regime is dictatorial and tyrannical, and the more powerful the cruelty and tyranny, the faster its industrialization speed may be.On the contrary, the faster the CCP industrializes in terms of economic construction, the more cruel and tyrannical its political facilities will be.Therefore, when the CCP’s industrialization reached its peak, that is when its brutal rule reached its peak.In other words, under the Communist system, the two major issues of "politics" and "economics" in the collective life of human beings not only cannot be solved at the same time, but run counter to each other.As its economic problems can be solved day by day, its political problems will become more and more serious.When its economic problems can be properly resolved, that is when its autocratic political system is about to collapse, and that is when the voice of "freedom and democracy" is the highest.Communists are all economic determinists, and they simply do not believe that the political problems of the "superstructure" can become their fatal wound.Therefore, its future result will inevitably be "Pang Juan died under this tree"! What the CCP is adopting today is this suicide policy.For a high degree of industrialization, it turned the big China into the world's largest slave labor camp.It wants slave laborers to sacrifice their freedom and tighten their belts so that China can "catch up with Britain in fifteen years" or "live a better life in twenty years."After China's long-term weakness, these two calls are sweet; they are highly persuasive.Its magic power is no less than "Down with Japanese imperialism" during the Anti-Japanese War! But its deception can only last for fifteen to twenty years at most.After this, the people will not only have to loosen their belts, but also restore full freedom.At that time, will the ruler automatically restore the freedom of the people?Say no!Because that is against the logic of the development of the CCP regime.Don't you see the face of the ruler when "a hundred schools of thought contend"?There will no longer be "a hundred schools of thought contending" in the CCP region.It is not the ruler's automatic call to have it. So even if we don't talk about external factors, and only analyze the CCP regime in the way of "interpreting the scriptures", the heroes on Tiananmen Square will have at most 15 years of stable life. In other words, it has been more than forty years since the Russian Revolution, why it has not wavered.In fact, China and Russia cannot be compared.Russian civilization is originally on the edge of Western civilization, so it can only develop abnormally within Western culture, and is not enough to counter-challenge Western culture.Therefore, after Belarus went abroad, it was soon assimilated by the country where it lived.If our "Tang people" lived overseas for a few generations, we would not be able to become old. Therefore, Chinese culture cannot be completely Sovietized, and Chinese people cannot be completely redified. This is one of them.Forty years have passed since Nalashi to Mao Zedong in China, and only a few months in Russia from Nicholas to Lenin. Therefore, Russia today lacks all our hard-core fighters for democracy and freedom between the ages of 30 and 50. two.Our country still retains a Taiwan without redification, which can be used as our "experimental zone of democratic politics".Kerensky and other anti-communist Russians in Russia have nothing to rely on, this is the third. With these three points, the situation in China and Russia is very different.Among these three points, the third point is the most important.The politics, economy, society, and culture of the Communist Party are all self-contained.To "replace" the Communist Party, it must be replaced by a more perfect and progressive whole.This whole is not some empty doctrine or religion.This whole must be a new system of politics, economy, society, and culture that has been tested and adapted to China's national conditions. To borrow a famous saying from experimentalists: "Truth cannot be discovered, but truth is continuously produced." Therefore, Taiwan's work for the next fifteen years should be to abandon any dogmatism and use "scientific laboratory methods" in Under the principles of political democracy, economic equality, and personal freedom, a new political, economic, and social system was experimented to replace the reactionary system of the Communist Party.If Taiwan can create a new truth within fifteen years, by then the reaction of the Communist Party will have reached its peak, and then it will be a matter of course to send the Communist Party's tricks to the Arctic Ocean. The future of Chinese culture depends on the development of Taiwan in the next fifteen years.And the beginning of this development depends on whether Taiwan can grasp the theme of the current stage of China's modernization movement! However, it is not easy to grasp the theme at this stage.In the process of Western culture challenging my country, "democracy and freedom" was one of the main slogans in various "reform" or "revolutionary" movements in my country as far back as the late Qing Dynasty.But it has never become a "theme" at any stage.Because at any previous stage, in fact, our country has not yet had the political and social conditions to complete this project.So we have shouted this slogan for decades, and it has become the theme of this stage until today.This also shows that it is the most difficult subject in China's modernization movement.After the other subjects are completed one by one, it is the turn of it to have the opportunity to become a "theme".In fact, the completion of other subjects was originally a prerequisite for making it a theme. Furthermore, apart from the existing themes at this stage, we really can't find any "subtopics".Therefore, the content of the "Democratic Freedom Movement" at this stage is extremely simple; the front is also extremely clear. The people who supported "Mr. De" during the "May 4th" era were extremely complicated.We share the same bed but have different dreams, but we use the same signboard, and end up falling into the trap of the Communist Party's "United Front".This phenomenon is now gone.Just because its goal is simple and its front line is clear, it does not have subtopics that are enough to be the theme of the next stage involved.Therefore, the current "Democratic Freedom Movement" is actually the final stage of the "China Modernization Movement".If Chinese national culture can pass this test, it will be the complete completion of China's modernization movement.At that time, our nation's new culture will be able to make a comprehensive counter-challenge to Western culture in all aspects of politics, economy, society, and education.I have all his strengths; I can reconcile and eliminate his political and economic contradictions.If this is the case, our nation, with a population of 600 million, will live in a prosperous and stable country, and will appear in the world with the most complete new system of political democracy, economic equality, and personal freedom. The leader of the alliance and the leader of human evolution may not be available. But at present, this hurdle is really the hinge of the life and death of our national culture.The Slavic, Germanic, and Latin nations all passed before this hurdle.Whether we can pass the border safely depends on the results of our nation's experiments in Taiwan in the next ten years.Thinking of this, I can't help yearning for it.