Chapter 9 Volume 25 Business Journal

"Yi" said: "Sunday and China are the market, to the people of the world, gather the goods of the world, trade and return, each gets his own place."Lian Heng said: "Taiwan is a region of Uneo, where agriculture, mines, and industries all have their own interests. The prosperity of business is the highest in the South China Sea."During the Song Dynasty, the Chinese had already traded in Beigang. Although the details cannot be tested, it has already begun.At that time, the power of the Malays who lived here suddenly increased, and things gradually became far-sighted. They rode bamboo rafts, crossed the sea, and traded with Luzon, and resold them in the inner mountains.The Netherlands is a country of commerce, and it wants to colonize the land in order to invade the East China Sea.Tomorrow will be two years old, according to Penghu.Four years later, Taiwan was restored and traded with China.The language is in "Kai Kai Zhi".At the beginning, the Dutch set up the East India Company to conquer Java. They won thousands of miles of land without using a single soldier or destroying a ship.And Taiwan is also under the company. The soil field is first cultivated, one year old and three crops. The exported goods are about 150,000 dong for sugar, 100,000 dong for rice, and most of the feathers and leather are sold to Japan, and the annual value is tens of thousands of dong.However, the Japanese shogunate strictly prohibited the sea, and only allowed the Dutch to trade, so business dominated.The official salary of the Dutch system is not enough, and they are each doing business, gaining self-interest, in order to compete with the people, and the taxes are heavy.Because the Japanese came first, they resisted in time, and then there was the incident of Yahei Hamada.

In the fifteenth year of Yongli, Yanping conquered Taiwan, rested with the people, reorganized the army and trained military forces, waiting for the opportunity, and there was no shortage of money, so as to have the benefit of Haitong.At the beginning, Zhilong was stationed in Anping, and he was a strong ship. He traded in the Nanyang Islands. All ships that did not have the flag of the Zheng family were not allowed to come and go. Each ship received two thousand gold, and the annual income was tens of millions.And the king entered Taiwan, but the Qing government strictly banned the sea, thousands of miles along the coast, and abandoned it, so it can monopolize its profits, and communicate with the towns of Jin, Xia, Tongshan, and Dahao, and trade with the people without any relationship. Fraud.All Chinese goods are admired by people overseas.Therefore, it is possible to use a small island to raise soldiers in seventy-two towns, and Gou Fei has ample income every year, so what is the value of it.Chen Yonghua, who consulted and joined the army, also practiced the system of garrisoning fields, prospering internally, and externally ordering the army, so there is no danger.In the twenty-eighth year, the heir king ordered Yang Xian, the governor of the household capital, to supervise the foreign ships and go to Jiasiam, Java, and Luzon.At that time, there were millions of Chinese living in Nanyang, and they were often treated harshly by foreigners, but the Qing government could not protect them.Therefore, Yanping has the act of conquest of Lu Song, and there is also a discussion about the management of Nanyang in the classics.To carry out his proposal, to appease the overseas Chinese, and to use Zhang Guoli to open up the foreign government, and then I have all the islands.However, there is no salary in Yanping, and the scriptures were born early, so it is a corner, and it cannot be spread. Isn't it heavenly!That year, the admiral of the British Navy was ordered to come east. In August, he drove two sampans to Anping to seek trade.After ordering the courtiers to treat him, Xu opened Anping and Xiamen, and signed a treaty, which was the beginning of British trade.At that time, among the European countries in the East China Sea, Portugal has Macao, Spain has Luzon, and although the Netherlands has lost Taiwan, it still has Java, and the East India Company is still in its infancy.People from all countries trade with Taiwan, and the annual rate is hundreds of thousands of gold, and the Japanese who live in Taiwan are all courteous, don't use chicken coops as commercial ports, and allow overseas Chinese to live.The copper used in Taiwan comes from Japan, and the Tokugawa shogunate also used Kanei money to help pay, with an annual rate of hundreds of thousands of copper.This is also the strategy of Zheng's commercial trade. The reason why it benefits the national economy and the people's livelihood is very great, so people in Zhang and Quan compete for it.Taiwan is a country of agriculture, but also a country of business.

The Qing people won Taiwan and gradually opened the sea ban.This year, the provincial council decided to sell white sugar deerskins at the time of Zheng's family. It was planned to sell 9,000 pieces of deerskins and 20,000 dans of sugar every year as usual, and sell them overseas.Inquiring about it, Ji Qiguang, the magistrate of Zhuluo County, decided to revitalize the trade, which is really related to the national economy, but the ships used had to be planned. In the past, Zheng's merchant ships were mostly berthed in Xiamen. Please use them.From it.In the forty-two year, it was agreed to allow merchant ships to go abroad, allowing the use of two masts, so the number of Zhang and Quan merchants trading in Southeast Asia increased year by year.However, the court discussed that the people of Zhangzhou and Quanzhou wanted to make huge profits, smuggled grain and rice, and people from Taiwan sometimes communicated with people from Luzon.In the fifty-sixth year, it was decided to ban selling in Nanyang, and only outsiders were allowed to trade.In the fifth year of Yongzheng, Gao Qizhuo, the Governor-General, made a statement: "Fujian, Xing, Zhang, Quan, and Ting are five prefectures in Fujian Province. The land is narrow and densely populated. Since the pacification of Taiwan, the population has increased day by day, and the local products are not enough for food. But On the way to open the ocean, the surplus of trade can be used to supplement the shortage of cultivation. Both the rich and the poor will benefit. In the past, it was tentatively considered to stop, but now foreign ships are allowed to go to China, and Guangdong ships are also allowed to go to foreign countries. "From it.Taiwan business is one of them.During the reign of Emperor Qianlong, trade was very prosperous, and the annual rate of goods imported and exported was several million yuan, and the three suburbs were the main ones.Those in the three suburbs, Su Wanli in the southern suburb, Li Shengxing in the northern suburb, and Jin Yongshun in the sugar suburb, each have a huge amount of money and hope to win.From Nanyang in the south to Tianjin, Niuzhuang, Yantai and Shanghai in the north, there is a continuous stream of boats and boats facing each other, all of which use Anping as the port of communication.And behind the flag in the south, and Beigang in the north, there are also occasional departures.Forty-nine years, Xu opened Lugang.In the fifty-seventh year, Balidi Port was opened again to trade with Quanzhou, and the business was temporarily in Taipei.And Cai Qian's rebellion, a lot of looting, huge losses, and then stagnated for a while.In the first month of the spring of the 14th year of Jiaqing, General Sai of Fuzhou rushed to the audience and said: "The two counties of Zhang and Quan did not produce rice, and they all looked up to Taiwan. In the past, merchants circulated and food and goods were sufficient, all because of the tall merchant ships and the high beams. Those that reach a few feet above a foot must be equipped with gun emplacements and equipment. Occasionally, pirated ships will be used to resist them. In recent years, foreign bandits have been turbulent. They are afraid that they will rob merchant ships. The beams are not allowed to be too high. It is not allowed to take it with you to help thieves. Merchant ships are afraid, and they all bind their feet. There are ships that go out to sea, and most of them are robbed. Rice and stone are used to steal food, and ships are stolen again. Therefore, merchants are blocked, and rice is expensive in Zhang and Quan. Now that Cai Qian’s power is already poor, can we still use tall beams and equipment with gunpowder equipment, which will be enough to resist the robbers.” The imperial edict said: “The source of the pirated ships’ aid is the most important food, and the looting Focusing on the ships of Taiwan merchants, the first thing to do is to guard against the merchants. I think that the warships are suppressing thieves in the ocean, chasing east and west, but they are not cleared. The reason for this may be that the pirate ships were afraid of the military power and turned away; or because the warships could not be plundered, they did not approach. If Sai Chong'a suggested that the large ships should be changed suddenly, and more gunpowder and equipment should be brought. Thieves lead robbery, and gain a lot. After the merchant ships go out to sea, it is even more difficult to keep all the traitors. Yin is to help them. At this time, if you want to have advantages and no disadvantages, you can send troops to go with them. You can not worry about robbery, but also borrow Attack and suppress. Only warships and merchant ships have always had their own flags. It is better to mix them together. The pirate ships approach, you can take the opportunity to attack, and you can cut and tie the giants. And the merchants circulate, Zhang and Quan are free of rice, but there is no reason for pirate ships. Relief, this is the way to clear the source. However, it must be well-discussed and thorough, so that it will not be obstructed, and it will be perfect, and it will be discussed quickly." Therefore, the method of setting up military ships to guard, and the pirates have gradually calmed down.

The Tianjin agreement allowed for the opening of Taiwan's mutual market, and Britain, the United States, France, and Germany came one after another. They sent consuls, set up concessions, set up commercial banks, built warehouses, and ships entered and exited. The order gradually flourished, and the negotiations became more complicated.In the ninth year of Xianfeng, the General Administration of Commerce and Industry was set up in the Taoist Department, and the Taoist office was run by it. There were two commissioners, four commissioners, two translators, two manuscripts, and two Qing books, to manage business in the concession, protect travel, and consular exchanges. , Church preaching, and Huayang mutual litigation.There are sub-bureaus in Huwei, Jilong, Anping, and Qihou, with committee members stationed there.In the thirteenth year of the reign of Emperor Guangxu, the General Administration of Commerce and Commerce was also set up in the vassal administration, which belonged to the chief envoy, while Tainan still belonged to Taoism.At that time, although the trade was small, it increased every year. In the 19th year of Guangxu's reign, it reached more than 11.17 million taels, which can be described as prosperous.Since Governor Liu Mingchuan, he has cultivated land and managed production, and the tea brain has flourished, and it has been transported to various ports in Europe and America.There are many residents, from several to three million, and the foreign goods needed are abundant, and the income and exit are enough to cover, and there is an overflow, so everything can be done, and the households are prosperous.If things go on like this, the wealth of Taiwan cannot be measured.Husband's foreign trade is headed by Britain, followed by the United States and Germany.There are a lot of British goods, opium being the most, 4,000 boxes per year, and the value of each box is 500 yuan, and the value is 2 million yuan. This is also a leak in Taiwan.Tainan's local products are mainly sugar, and at first it was mostly distributed in Tianjin and Shanghai. In the ninth year of Tongzhi, Chen Fuqian, the queen of the banner, transported it to Yokohama by himself, with an annual rate of 20,000 to 30,000 dans, which was quite profitable.In the thirteenth year, Shunhe Zhan was set up on the site to open the Taiwan Sugar Merchant Road, which was the beginning of Taiwan's mutual trade with Japan.That year, another 30,000 dan of sugar was sent to England in plywood, which was mostly transferred from Hong Kong in the past.In the 11th year of Guangxu, Liu Mingchuan was appointed as the governor.In the twelfth year, the China Merchants Bureau was set up in Singapore, and Zhang Honglu, the appointed governor, and Li Tongen, the alternate magistrate, went to Nanyang to investigate business and attract overseas Chinese to raise property.We also purchased two ships, Jiashi and Simei, which sailed to Shanghai and Hong Kong, as far as Singapore, Saigon, and Luzon, and three ships, Feijie, Chengli, and Wannianqing, carried goods between the coastal areas and southeastern provinces. lag.If the husband wants to develop business, he must speed up the traffic, so the railway is built inside, and the shipping is opened outside to open up the geographical advantage.At the beginning, the agreement in Tianjin promised to open Danshui, but the scope was vast, and wherever the Danshui River went, it could be exchanged.At that time, the place where the bamboo ditch was set up was also known as Danshui, but the courtiers of the Qing Dynasty were ignorant of geography, so they signed a contract carelessly.Consul Danshui De wanted to expand his business rights, and he passed it on to him. He used Dadaocheng outside the city as a commercial port, which lived by the river and was accessible to shipping. He then said that wealthy households Lin Weiyuan and Li Chunsheng jointly built Qianqiu and Jianchang Second Streets as a store. .There are many tea merchants at home and abroad, and it has become more and more prosperous.In the thirteenth year, merchants from Jiangsu and Zhejiang were invited to raise 50,000 taels of capital to set up a Xingshi company to build Shifang, Ximen and Xinqi streets in the city to inhabit merchants, manage roads and drive horse-drawn carriages.Hired Japanese to drill wells, called tap water, and those who drew it were convenient.In the year of Yi, electric lamps were set up and coal-fired, and all governors, administrative departments, machine bureaus and streets were lit.The Dadaocheng Iron Bridge is also built in this year, costing more than 70,000 yuan, which is beneficial to pedestrians and ships, and the machine is used as a button to open and close.At that time, the provincial capital was first established, and there were many crowns and crowns. People from Jiangsu, Zhejiang, Fujian, and Guangdong came to trade more, and the production of sugar, brains, tea, and gold increased day by day, and the revenue increased.Later, the China Merchants Bureau was changed to the General Administration of Commerce and Industry, with Dong Qi in charge, and Taiwan's business is advancing day by day.

Contracts and trade table of various countries On May 16, the eighth year of Xianfeng in England, Article 11 of the Treaty of Tianjin. On May 16, the eighth year of Xianfeng in France, Article 6 of the Treaty of Tianjin. On the eighth day of the fifth month of the eighth year of Xianfeng in the United States, the fourteenth article of the Tianjin Treaty. On the third day of the fifth month of the eighth year of Xianfeng in Russia, the third item of the Tianjin Treaty. On July 28, the eleventh year of Xianfeng in Prussia, the sixth article of the Treaty of Tianjin. On May 28, the second year of Danmo Tongzhi, the eleventh article of the Beijing Treaty.

On August 24, the second year of Tongzhi in the Netherlands, the second paragraph of the Beijing Treaty. On the tenth day of September in the third year of Tongzhi in Spain, the fifth paragraph of the Beijing Treaty. On September 14, the fourth year of Tongzhi in Belgium, the eleventh article of the Beijing Treaty. On September 18th, the fifth year of Tongzhi in Italy, the eleventh article of the Beijing Treaty. On July 26, the eighth year of Tongzhi in Austria, the eighth article of the Beijing Treaty. On July 29, the tenth year of Tongzhi in Japan, the first paragraph of the Treaty of Tianjin.

Taiwan foreign trade table (omitted) Table of sugar production in Taiwan (omitted) This list is based on reports made by the Customs and books written by outsiders, but if there is any doubt, the amount used for personal use in the sixth year of Guangxu was 31.92 million catties, and in the 12th year it was reduced to 11.7 million. More than 100,000 catties, a sharp reduction of about one-third in only six years, seems inappropriate.The ups and downs of the sugar market in Fufu depend on the abundance of the harvest, but based on the level of sugar consumption by Taiwanese people, each person uses about five catties a year, and the three million people in Taiwan use fifteen million catties. As for the estimation of Taiwan’s sugar production, the table below:

Taiwan sugar production projection table (omitted) Taiwan sugar export table (omitted)