Chapter 9 Supplement to Popular Speeches on Chinese Thought

Supplement to Popular Speeches on Chinese Thought In 1979, it was planned to reprint this book and write a special supplementary article, which was divided into eight topics, but it was not printed for some reason. In 1987, twelve essays and notes over the years were collected and attached, and this article was synthesized. Chinese classical Chinese and vernacular, that is, the so-called language and characters, are different.It can also be described as a distinction between elegance and vulgarity.This is a special feature in Chinese traditional culture, which is not found in other nations.

But classical Chinese comes from vernacular, and vernacular also retains a lot of classical Chinese, and the two can be separated or cannot be separated. In modern times, people in the country strongly advocate the popular vernacular, but deeply despise the ancient and elegant classical Chinese. They have overly separated the two things that should be similar, and the damage can be seen today, and it is even more difficult to describe it in detail. The four speeches collected in this book are four words selected from the popular vernacular, and their origins are discovered.It is from the extremely profound classics, which contains extremely elegant and subtle meanings, and has become popular vernacular.This is also the most excellent source of Chinese traditional culture.At that time, due to time constraints, only these four topics were discussed.

Others who can play are everywhere.Now that this book is being reprinted, the continuation statement is as follows.Therefore, the reader infers that the 5,000-year traditional culture can be said to be very deep and very shallow, very ancient and very new, and vividly presented in our current daily spoken language.To realize from the present new place, but still take root in the old place.Looking up at the present and the past, one has the joy of not knowing the dancing of one's hands and feet. (1) Natural The word "nature" is a Taoist language, which means that it is what it is, that is, it is what it is naturally.This is the most precious recitation of Chinese Taoism.Also known as "true".Confucianism calls it "sincerity".No hypocrisy, no artificiality, life should be important.This is what Confucianism calls life.

If it is artificial, it becomes a "false" word, and it has no meaning and value at all.But Westerners place the most emphasis on artificiality, and science is an example.People in our country today call Western science natural science. They don't know that Western science aims to overcome and overcome nature, which is very different from Chinese people who respect nature because they still respect nature. Even electric lights and running water are unnatural.There is electricity and water in nature, and Westerners use them for electric lights and running water, which is against nature.In ancient China, it was much more convenient to dig a well in the courtyard to draw water than to fetch water from the river outside the gate.Someone invented the orange stick again, which can lift the water in the well, saving a lot of labor.However, in Zhuang Zhou's book, he opposed it, saying that using machinery is easy to get motivated.If the heart is born, the human nature will be distorted, and everything will be unnatural.

Chinese people today misuse the word "nature" and call Western science natural science, so they misunderstand that Chinese science also originated from Taoism.In fact, didn’t Mohism before Taoism already had profound scientific attainments and applications?Today it is said that Chinese science originated from the contradiction of Taoism.It is difficult to elaborate on the extent of the malpractice. (2) Freedom The word "freedom" is also commonly used by Chinese people, and it is inherited from the word "nature".It means that everything is up to him, that's how it is naturally.Because the Chinese value nature, they also value freedom.All the great principles taught by Confucianism are actually the nature of destiny. Everyone is naturally like this, that is, it is his own, so it is said to be free and unrestrained.By himself, he exists by himself, so he is free.

It has been a century since modern Chinese people have fought for freedom.However, the social situation in China over the past century has gradually lost its freedom.Uncomfortable, but no freedom.This end proves that the freedom that modern Chinese people strive for is very different from the freedom of traditional Chinese freedom.This is because modern freedom is sought from the outside crowd, while traditional Chinese freedom always retreats from the crowd and seeks within oneself.The freedom of each is the inner nature of each person.Today, people speak of freedom, which refers to external behavior and career speech.Confucius said: "If the way is not working, I know it." It is not free to the outside world, and Confucius also knows it.It is also said: "At seventy, follow what the heart desires and do not exceed the rules." Then he has obtained the ultimate freedom of his inner heart.Therefore, Confucius is the most holy teacher in China. It has been 2,500 years since his death, but his intention to be a human being in his life is still alive today.

Therefore, the Chinese say that freedom lies in the cultivation of mind and nature.Not expensive outside, for the fight for power.Today's people focus on looking outward, as long as there is a gap outside to drill, they think it is their own freedom.And the original face of each person has been lost, and there is no longer any existence.I don't know how to make calculations on this.In this way, we only know that there is external freedom, that is, we no longer know that there is internal personality.Lost personality, there is no freedom at all. Westerners all strive for freedom outside, and eventually lose their own existence.Such as Greece, Rome, and modern countries, all of them are the same.China, on the other hand, is free and unrestrained, and has remained the same for five thousand years.Therefore, the Chinese saying, "Freedom" is used together, the meaning is profound, and it is really interesting.

Even though it is said that life can be divided into inside and outside, the inside is always the master, and the outside is only the object.Without its intrinsic value, all exteriors are worthless.Then why bother to fight for it outside? The Chinese also say "self-satisfied". "The Doctrine of the Mean" says: "If you are always rich and noble, you will be rich and noble; if you are always poor and humble, you will be poor and humble; if you are always in adversity, you will be in adversity; if you are a barbarian, you will be a barbarian. The four items of wealth, adversity, and barbarians are actually the above-mentioned so-called outside of life.Every situation must be dealt with, and if you deal with it properly, you can gain something.What is obtained by oneself is also obtained by oneself, so it is called self-accommodation.However, everyone can be free and contented, and it is not limited by others and the environment.

There are also "self-made" and "self-taken", which are not good words. "Blame yourself" and "responsible for yourself" are all bad things.Another example is to say "asking for no fun" is very different from "asking for more blessings".Seek what is precious and what you seek from yourself, and seek from others.Begging its neighbor to give it to him, although it is not for oneself, it is also undesirable.As far as "killing one's life for benevolence" and "giving up one's life for righteousness", such "accomplishment" and such "acquisition" belong to free and easy self-satisfaction.Not to be outside, not to be with others, this is the great morality of living in adversity and doing in adversity, and great freedom.

There are also "self-condemnation and self-reproach", "admitting one's own mistakes", "self-repentance and self-reform", all of which are the ability of a person to rehabilitate himself.If people can renew their virtues, they will "renew every day, renew every day, and renew every day." This is another great freedom.Freedom, comfort, self-satisfaction, regardless of others. Today's people are lured by the situation and sanctioned by power, so their freedom can only be obtained outside of them under the sanction of external power and law.But its main inner aspect is lost and unattainable.How can we fight for it?

(3) Characters The word "character" has also become a popular vernacular in China.But people are people, and things are things. Why are they even called people? There is a profound and wonderful meaning here. In fact, the word "wu" has the same appearance and can be used as a model representative for others. The word "wu" and "mo" have similar sounds and similar meanings.For example, the word "wu" and the word "mo" also have similar sounds and similar meanings. On the side of the word "Wu" is a flag with a bull drawn on it, just like the so-called totem in the West.The totem is the representative of a group of people.A person who can be different from some people in other groups and can also be a representative of other people in his own group can be called a "character".For example, Confucius, who is different from ordinary Chinese, but can be a representative of ordinary Chinese, Confucius has become a major figure in China. The Chinese also call it "personality".In fact, the word "Ge" is just like the word Wu, and it also has the same meaning.To be different from others, but also to be representative in the difference, to be the same, that is the personality.The common saying is also called "character" and "character", which is quite different from the meaning of personality in Western law. The word "Gewu" is used repeatedly in the "Great Learning" of the Four Books of China.Object is a noun, while the word "case" is borrowed as a verb.As a human being, we should know that there is an example. If we really know this example, the rest will be solved by itself.Therefore, it is said: "Extending knowledge lies in investigating things." It is also said: "Knowing things through investigating things." We can know that Confucius is a role model for us Chinese, so don't we know the truth of being a human being?To be a filial son must be an example to the prophet.To be a loyal minister should also be a prophet.To be a sage, you should still set an example as a prophet.Confucius said "learn and learn from time to time", this word "Xi" is like the word "Ge" in Gewu.Confucius was determined to learn when he was five out of ten, and when he was thirty, he immediately completed the beginning of the character. Zhu Zi commented on "Great Learning" and said: "Things are still things." Filial piety, brotherhood, loyalty, and faith are all things, and everyone should know that there is an example.That is to say, there is a grid.If you can pass the test, you have understood the principles of life.Today's academic performance is set at 60% as a pass.If you understand this grid character, you can understand the character's characters.It can be seen that Chinese principles should be understood from Chinese language and writing. There are good and bad grades in academic performance, and there are pass and fail.Now people call for equality.If all people are equal, it will be contrary to the meaning of personality as a Chinese proverb.Therefore, the Chinese also call it "personality" or "character".If people are equal, what character is there? (4) hard work one The Chinese people use the word "hard work" in succession.In terms of its deep meaning, it can also be said to be broad and subtle, extremely brilliant and moderate.What is easy for everyone to understand is also difficult for everyone to understand. Westerners talk about the physiology of the body, and especially regard the brain as the master of the whole body, and also the communication between the whole body and its surroundings. The Chinese say "heart", which goes beyond the brain. The brain is still an organ in the body, but the heart is integrated into the whole body and transcends the outside of the body.The mind is the king of the body, which is an abstract noun rather than a specific reference. "Blood" runs through the whole body and is the foundation of life.If the brain is injured, you can see or hear, have no consciousness, no memory, but your life can still exist.Once the blood flow stops, its life will die. Westerners emphasize dominance and power, so the status of the brain is high. The Chinese value existence and roots, and blood is the most important thing. Moreover, the blood is only in the body, not outside the body. The Chinese believe that this is the foundation of life.The brain is only a part of life, while the heart is connected to the whole life and is its master. In terms of hard work, the book is interlinked, and there is no distinction between individuals. This is the truth of Chinese life. two The Chinese also say "blood".China is a clan society, and the clan is formed by blood. I have commented that China has political system and orthodoxy, and orthodoxy is especially important. In China's 5,000-year cultural tradition, there is political chaos at the top while morality still exists below. For example, when Qin destroyed the six countries, it was not the Qin people who unified China, but the Chinese who achieved unification by themselves.Qin II died, but the unification of the Chinese continued.This is the Chinese who established China, not the Chinese who were born out of China. Therefore, if China is barbarian and barbarian, barbarian barbarian is, and barbarian barbarian is China, and barbarian barbarian is China.If Chinese people do not follow Chinese principles, they can also be considered non-Chinese. Therefore, orthodoxy must be especially respected over political orthodoxy.The Chinese should be a Chinese, this is the unity of Taoism and blood. The word "heart blood" is used together to show its meaning. three Therefore, when reading Chinese history, we should pay attention to the era of political unity and security, and the era of political division or chaos deserves the same attention, or we should pay more attention. Like the Wei, Jin, Southern and Northern Dynasties, like the Five Dynasties, like the Liao, Jin, Yuan, and Qing dynasties, China has lost its normality, but the Chinese are still a Chinese, unchanged, and their blood and morals are still the same.The painstaking efforts of the Chinese people can last for five thousand years. When it comes to the history of China in the last 70 years, there are political turmoil and divisions, and the society is expanding day by day. Those who are overseas include Taiwanese, Hong Kong, and Singaporeans, and others are scattered all over Asia and the United States, Europe, Africa, and Australia. Each continent has at least 50 million people. In terms of their blood, they belong to the same Chinese lineage. As far as his heart is concerned, he never forgets that he is also a Chinese. However, it is undeniable to say that there are exile and separation. If we want to be able to unite as one, we must understand the common standards of being a Chinese. The main thing is to seek it from the orthodoxy, and we should seek it from history. Four The Chinese also say "heart" and "confidant".The mainland is the confidant of the Chinese, and history should be the heart of the Chinese. The Chinese also say "human heart" and "tao heart".Dao Xin is unified.The so-called orthodoxy refers to the cultural tradition of the Chinese people.This would not be possible without combining the hearts and blood of the Chinese people. The Chinese also talk about "mood", "temperament", "blood heart" and "blood nature", but never "blood emotion", which proves that the common saying has a profound meaning. Human beings have a heart, but they begin to have feelings.Human beings are called human beings only when they have sentient beings. Blood is poured into the whole body, and it is only an object in the flesh, which is different from emotion.Love can be handed over outside the body, so it must be spoken from the heart. Today people call "ruthless" and "feelingless" cold-blooded, and "passionate" and "affectionate" are called warm-blooded.In fact, blood has nothing to do with emotion, and the words cold-blooded and hot-blooded really refer to the heart, which can also be said to be vulgar and indecent.However, it is only called emotion or emotion, and the feeling must come from the heart, not just from the blood, which is also known. Fives Therefore, to be a qualified Chinese, an ideal Chinese, must have blood and affection. And blood and emotion are unified in the heart.The heart is governed by Tao.Such is the so-called "compassing heaven and man, uniting inside and outside." The common saying "blood feud" and "blood debt" also means that it is deeply rooted in the hearts of the people.It is also said that "the needle hits the blood", which is exactly what it is worth to see the deep work. Therefore, it is necessary to work hard and talk, but to see the implementation of life, rather than its depth.The mind is only an organ, a machine. In this world, computers and robots are expensive, and they are ruthless and bloodless, which is higher than human life, which is beyond the reach of modern life.How can the fate of the world be like this? (5) Taste Chinese proverbs often talk about "sentiment" and "taste". "The Doctrine of the Mean" says: "There is no one who does not eat and drink, and seldom knows the taste." Diet is also one of life.Confucian food and drinking water, Yan Zi's food, a ladle to drink, all of them have Tao, so they all have taste.Ordinary people drink to quench their thirst and eat to quench their hunger, but they don't know the way, so "The Doctrine of the Mean" says that they don't know the taste. As the saying goes, it is also called "taste".Nourishing has the meaning of nourishing, growing, growing, and nourishing.There must be growth and support in life, and there is inexhaustible surplus.Its power lies in diet, which is long-term nourishment.If you only focus on food and drink for taste, then you don't know ignorance, you don't know.Only Confucius Yan Yuan knew the way of eating and drinking, so he has a lot of fun to talk about.Its joy is deep and long, also known as endless joy. As the saying goes, it is also called "interest", or "interest".Today people often call it "interest".Interests must be interesting before they can be more than enough, long-lasting and endless, and memorable.Every time people today seek to fully enjoy themselves, they will not be able to bear the aftertaste, and they will lose it. The word "taste" in Chinese proverbs is really a deep taste, and it can also be endlessly interesting.To be able to know whether people and things are tasteful or tasteless, this is a great truth for the real Chinese, and it can also be called a great philosophy. The Chinese also call it "Five Flavors".Salty is the usual taste, sour and spicy are more stimulating, sweet taste is more popular, and bitter taste should be used sparingly.Faithful words are good for deeds, and good medicine is good for sickness.Persuasion and remonstrance bitterly, earnestly convincing one's heart, also see the pain of hard work.A lot of hard work, studying hard, studying hard, practicing hard, working hard, practicing hard, working hard, swallowing hard, suffering extremely, eating hard, and then you can become a master. There is this bitterness in life, and the bitterness comes. .If you praise and thank others, you will even say that you have worked hard.Hard work is also the great way of life, which is unknown to other nations. Buddhism comes from the east, great compassion, saving the suffering and suffering, the sea of ​​people is as boundless as the sea of ​​suffering, Buddhism is also pervasive and boundless, and it is also very different from the existence of such a bitterness in Chinese life. As the saying goes, it is also called "eating bitterness".It can be seen that suffering has its own head, and happiness is endless.But it must be both sweet and bitter, and bitter and joyful.Hold its two ends and use it for the people.People in today's country only know how to seek happiness and don't know how to endure hardship.Only recognize the positive side, not the negative side.Only advance, not retreat.Just new, not old.Only outward, not inward.Only talk about the West, not the East.Only hold one end, not both ends.Everything will be nothing, and all tastes will be tasteless, so why bother? The Chinese also call it "taste".Like tasting tea and wine, both tea and wine have a taste, so they can be tasted.If it is not tasty, it will not be listed.Everything is the same, so it is called an item.Si Zhiwu also has its own taste.The body of man, his face, and the room in which he lives, may be adorned.Then everything that is decorated can be entertained.You can also see his taste in the things he touches every day. The Chinese also call it "body odor".Not only the tongue, but also the heart to appreciate, to get this taste.If the stomach and intestines are not digested, the mouth and tongue will be tasteless, which proves that the taste of things comes from people's taste.That is to say, by observing what people taste, one can know the quality of its own body. People today are criticizing.Criticism is also a kind of grading.For example, if a prison officer criticizes a criminal, he judges the guilt or innocence of the person according to the law, as well as the severity of the crime.Today, when people say criticism, they must criticize the shortcomings and shortcomings of others.In fact, what he criticizes is also based on his own opinion.Everything he sees is lost in the shortcomings of others, and it can be seen that his life is tasteless and boring. The Chinese repeatedly say "feelings and tastes";Therefore, the friendship between gentlemen is as light as water, and the friendship between villains is as sweet as wine.Today's people only have a strong taste, which is called deep affection.Recently, there was a school teacher who wooed a female colleague of hers and killed her instead.The judge convicted him, saying that he had deep affection and could only be sentenced to imprisonment.Some people even killed their own parents, and the judge said that they were mentally ill, so they did not sentence them to death.Democracy in this world only emphasizes the rule of law, and life only knows that there are laws, which can be said to be ruthless. The Chinese also call it "charm".The rhyme is the sound.The Chinese are more than expensive, but also expensive aftertaste.But it is expensive and content, also known as enough taste.The foot refers to the current speech, and the rest refers to the future speech.Just like singing, it must have enough taste and aftertaste, and it must be able to have endless aftertaste, endless aftertaste, and not insufficient.This is a wonderland and a delicious taste in the ideal of Chinese life.Therefore, the Chinese say that they will do their best with all their heart, but in fact they will never exhaust their energy.People today seek to be as happy as possible, and when they are done, they are not happy, and they are not happy.When life ends, death follows.Therefore, in life, one must seek to have a future, but to have more than enough.As far as his personal life is concerned, he is born to be perfect, and he is a perfect person.A perfect person is one who completes his destiny.The nature of destiny is inexhaustible even though it is dead.Like Confucius, it will make future generations endlessly pursued.It can also be said that all human beings have life, and if they do not know the nature of life, they also seldom know its taste. The Chinese also call it "umami".In the northern land, people like to eat sheep.There is much water in the south, and people like to eat fish.Combine the characters for sheep and fish to form a fresh character.However, fish and sheep are common hobbies, and it is not possible to prepare all meals, so the word xian is extended to mean seldom.But beautiful characters raise good characters, all follow sheep, not fish.This or the creation of characters began in the north, which is not discussed in detail.Today, Chinese people are obsessed with westernization, and must regard beef as the best food.However, the language and characters of four thousand years cannot be completely changed.But to be born Chinese, one must speak Chinese and know Chinese characters.Even though the Chinese language and characters are boring, there is nothing to do in the end.This should also be a bitter taste in the life of Chinese people today, and it is hard to say how to expect the sweetness after the end of suffering. And the Chinese often say "smile and scold".A proverb goes: "Laughing and scolding by others, I am a good official." Laughter originally represents joy, cursing represents anger, crying represents sorrow, and singing represents joy.Therefore, it is said that there is no reason to be happy and angry, and laughing and scolding impermanence.If the female side is added to the word Xi today, a laugh is not a happy smile, and a hippie smile is not a happy face.Smile and dislike it.It's not funny to hide a knife in a smile.It makes people want to laugh, but also has a wry smile.How much human nature exists in the Chinese word "bitterness", it is hard to figure out how much it is. And according to the face, hearing, sight, nose smell, mouth and food, the four items of sound, color, smell and taste are externally connected.Commonly known as "taste", only "taste" has "Tao", and the other three items of sound, color, and breath do not talk about "Tao".Suspicion of seeing and hearing, it is connected with sound and color, and it is clearly divided into inside and outside.The air smelled by the nose may go straight into the chest cavity, but the air itself, the body itself, does not change from one to the other.But if you eat by mouth, everything you eat becomes your own.Therefore, only taste can be followed by Tao.As for qi, it is also commonly known as odour, and there is a word for taste, but it is not as good as the word for taste.But sound and color are different from smell, it is called sound color, and there is no conjunction.Then the three characters of sound, color, and breath, don't you know that there are three differences, and they are all different from taste, and the differences are self-evident.Mencius said: "Food and sex also have sex." The word for color is different from that of sensuality and color. (6) Method one People today like to talk about "methods".In fact, the Chinese way of speaking is still speaking of rules.Mencius said: "Rules, square and round are the best." If there is no square, there is no rule, and it is not enough to be the law.But Confucianism is good at speaking, "Yizhuan·Qian Gua" says: "Straight is great." Life is straight, if there is a bend, it must still be straight, and if so, it will become a song.Therefore, when two people meet, they become one party.A square has four corners, which form four curves and four straights.Therefore, there are generous families and talented people.Only when it is formed can it be a law.A song can also be kept by itself, so it can still be called a scholar. The way of heaven is round, and the way of authenticity is square.Chinese Confucianism is good at talking about humanity, that is, humanity, which is close to authenticity.Zhuang Lao Taoist said that the way of heaven is nature, which is close to circle.When Buddhism came from the East, it was easy to talk about it.But Buddhism speaks both tact and convenience.Fang is also flat and righteous, so it is also called square, also known as Founder.The old side is also fair and just.Convenience is originally conceited, evil and unjust.There are many inconvenient places in life, such as defecating and urinating, you must avoid people and go to private parts.It is necessary to choose a private part, which is also called convenience.Because the square is in the corner, and there are four places in the corner, it is called Sifang, also known as convenience. The way people walk can also be divided into "right way" and "side way", and "side way" means "convenience way".It is also divided into "avenue" and "trail".A gentleman can't follow the path, but the path is just a small path, a convenient path.If guests are staying for dinner, it is an informal banquet.Such as plain clothes, also unofficial formal attire.Ask someone to bring the letter. This informal dispatch may be inconvenient, so it is Hong Qiao's mistake.It is even cheaper. Chinese people value faith and business, and they can only make small profits. It is not appropriate to make big profits. Small profits can also be called cheap.Therefore, it is also called greedy for cheap, and you can only be greedy for small cheaps, not big cheaps.People today call it convenience, but it also has its own inconvenience and disadvantages.In short, "convenience" contains injustice. The Chinese also call it "fangshu".Art is just a way, but this is not a road.Traditional Chinese scholarship is divided into four parts: Confucianism, History, Zi, and Collection. Each path has its own differences, but when combined together, it forms a great road.If a doctor prescribes a medicine for a patient, it must be different for each patient, and it cannot be used by everyone.It is just the right medicine, which is only available to certain people, so it is called a prescription.In this case, strategies and strategies, these strategies only contain particularity, not universal unity.As the saying goes, policies are only aimed at one end and one party.If it is called direction, there are four directions in total, east, west, north, south, and only one side is directed.Confucius said: "My husband and I have too much time." Confucius only talked about the great way of life, and Confucius did not criticize the small things about others. Fang refers to the language of space, and can also refer to the language of time.As the saying goes, "Fair is now" and "Fang is in the ascendant", Fang is only one of the present.Zhuang Zhou said: "It can only be done before it can be done, and it can only be done before it can be done before it is done." Time is like this, and so is space.Generosity is the same all the time and everywhere, so everyone can become the Dharma.The poem says: "Fixed in the middle of the square", you will see that there is something wrong with the middle of the square.Fang Zhongnai only refers to a corner of a moment, after this moment, there is no certainty. Being a son ends with filial piety, and being a father ends with kindness.The son sees filial piety, and the father sees compassion.The so-called stop has the meaning of endless change.For one corner, it is more expensive to turn three corners.There are ten thousand ways in human nature, and there are also ten thousand ways.The way of life seeks to stop while changing, and you must know this meaning. Another example is "dialect", which can only be used in one side.Daya, on the other hand, can travel in all directions, that is, its greatness.Therefore, generosity is precious. But the Chinese call it "Fang Wai".The position is fixed, but Fang Wai cannot be fixed.To put it simply, Fang is just a concrete word, not an abstract word, and this meaning must be known. In addition, Chinese writing is called calligraphy, and acting is also called juggling. All these "laws" include rules and regulations, so they are also called laws and regulations.The law is also the rule, and it is like the law.There are also five tones and six rhythms in music, which are also the rules and regulations in music.Today's Western language skills are in the mechanical changes of the scientific world.However, Chinese people use the word "method" as the word, and the meaning is too far away. two The square one gathers the four corners into one square, which has a static definition of space.The Dharma, the water flows down peacefully, does not collapse, does not dry up, it will always be like this, and it also has the meaning of time flow.Therefore, the Chinese call it "method", which is a standard model, which is true everywhere and always.It is like the smooth and steady flow of water, which is always popular.Therefore, the Chinese call method, which is actually a kind of morality.What people call a method today is a means or technique.If you can enter the Tao through the skill of the means, it will become a method.Everyone should have a method for learning and being a human being, but the method is different from the skill.Skills are manipulative means, not moral kung fu.There is a big difference between them, which cannot be ignored. The ancient Chinese called it "the family of Dafang", and it is still called "Fang's family" today.A piece of music and a corner cannot form a square, and the piece of music and its corners must be deduced and connected to form a square.Today, it is called an expert, but it refers specifically to a corner.Even though it is extremely skillful, if it cannot be generalized and passed on to other families, how can it become a prescription.The son said on the river: "The dead are like a husband, and they will not give up day and night." The flow of water must go at all times, and it does not stop changing, which is the law.Even if it stops and no longer flows, even if it breaks down and becomes a cross flow, neither can become a law. Therefore, the method of specializing in skills will surely become a chaotic world.The way to uphold morality is to rule the world.There are methods to be found in the five thousand years of cultural traditions of China's vast land and people, rather than the predestination of skills.Specific historical sites can be solicited. (7) Peace Chinese people value "peace" the most.Hu Anding, a Confucian scholar in the Song Dynasty, read Taishan Qizhen Temple, and got the word "Ping An" on the cover of his family book, that is, he did not read it, but threw it into the mountain outside the temple.This is how precious peace is.If you have peace, why should you ask for it? Now let's talk about the word "An".Women are said to be safe in their homes, and they are not allowed to go out unless the house is closed, which means that their hearts are at ease.Living in peace, commonly known as "safety".It is also known as "poverty and happiness", "living and working in peace and contentment".It is also known as "keeping yourself safe", and you can keep safe with only one point.Therefore, the Chinese people live at home and greet their superiors day and night.Westerners say yes. "Good" is different from "safe". Fortunately, there are conditions on the outside, but peace in the heart is unconditional.Also known as "stability", "tranquility", "ankang" and "tranquillity", as long as the mind is at ease, it will be stable, peaceful, healthy and auspicious.It is also known as "An Zhiruo Su", which means peace and justice, and people say it is plain. "The Doctrine of the Mean" says: "Practice rich and noble, practice rich and noble, practice poor and lowly, practice adversity and adversity, practice barbarian and di, and practice barbarian and di." Plain means daily life, without other hooks and concerns, also known as ordinary life.Commonly known as plain, no additions, no clips, so it is called plain.This is the case every day, and it should be peaceful.Ordinary is also known as ordinary.If you can have peace, you can be safe.Changes will make you feel uneasy, so you must be able to deal with changes as usual.Even if all kinds of tricks are added, it is still the same as usual. Plain and blank meaning, all paintings are drawn on white paper.A diet without seasoning is called a vegetarian diet.Life should also be in the plain.People today call equality, and "equal" means similarity.Everything is similar, there is nothing but nothing, and there is no difference.Only in this way can we be self-satisfied, but in reality it is still an ordinary person, an ordinary thing.If you want to be outstanding, you must add something, and you are not similar to others, then you are not an ordinary person, and you will actually get nothing.Therefore, there must be income, and it is called ordinary. If you want to be an ordinary person, you must first have an even heart.To be an ordinary person, one must first have an ordinary mind.Zhiping Zhichang, that is, all the tricks are gone, and it is as blank as a piece of plain paper.His heart is like this, so he can feel at ease.Poor and low, rich and noble, adversity, barbarian and di, there is really no difference, if there is no pattern, then one's heart will be at ease.What is the difference between living in the house and going out of the house?It's just because of the uneasiness, and even a variety of tricks.But in ancient and modern China and abroad, people and people, life and life, in general, all come from heaven, so what is the difference?If you can treat people like the sky and treat everyone equally, then you will be at peace. Chinese Taoism says that in life, one must first make people's hearts empty and blank.Confucianism says that in life, we must first make people's hearts peaceful.Commonly known as "Pingkong" and "Pingbai", they have mastered Confucianism and Taoism. The Chinese also call "Pingtan" and "Pinghe". The word "和" is easy to understand, and the word "dan" is difficult. Relatives. Relatives are not indifferent to righteousness. But people have close relatives, how can they be indifferent to relatives? There should be deep meaning here. You should know that there are filial piety, brotherhood, loyalty, and trust in human nature. If you come out calmly, even if you startle the world and weep ghosts and gods, your heart will be safe and sound. Here you must learn. Confucius said: "In a city of ten houses, there must be someone as loyal and trustworthy as Qiu, not as good as Qiu who is eager to learn. But Mencius said: "That person is also me, he can be, why can't I be, why should I be afraid of him." "The main thing is also learning, and this heart is peace. It is also said: "Amiable and approachable", "A gentleman lives in an easy place to live, and a villain takes a chance to get a chance." If it is created as an extraordinary thing, it will be uneasy throughout life, and it is also appropriate. The Chinese also call it Anbudangche, Pingbudangzhitian.How to walk?How to keep pace?All of them are very important.Knowing that everything in life is peaceful and safe, one can walk in peace.Life is safe, just on this step.It is also called "law and order" and "governance and peace".Zi Zai said on the river: "The dead are like a husband." If you can understand the regulation of water flow, you can also know the peace of life.The word "governance" requires elegant words, which are not as good as common sayings. The poem also says: "Calmly and in the middle way", people can follow the good when they see it, and tolerate the evil when they see it.A person's calmness is like his peace.Today's people are unwilling to violate it, and they must reject it if they are unwilling to tolerate it. If they violate it and refuse it, how safe can it be said. (8) Digestion The word "digestion" is connected into one phrase, everyone can speak it, and everyone knows it.However, if it is divided into two words to explain, the meaning will be far-reaching, and it can also be used to understand the changes of the past and the present in the future.Food is imported, put into the stomach and intestines, dissipates, consumes, perishes, and no longer exists in its original form. It nourishes the whole body, turns from rotten to miraculous, and then becomes rotten from miraculous, and is excreted in the urine. out.People regard food as their heaven, and their digestion is in the stomach of people.It is food first, and then it turns into non-food. Is it possible for tomorrow's people to understand the changes of the past and the present?And that is, when everyone asks for it, it is available right now. However, although everyone has the same intestines and stomachs, everyone does not know how to eliminate and transform the intestines and stomachs.Therefore, although the digestive function belongs to the human being, it still belongs to the heaven, which is called "one-day human being".The inside is like the body, and the outside is like the body. Millions of years ago, human beings were like this, which is called "combining inside and outside".It is not one day that people can combine the inside and the outside, and there is no way for tomorrow's people to understand the changes of the past and the present. There is also the word "news", and its meaning is equally profound.The person who breathes follows the nose and the heart, has the meaning of breathing, and has the meaning of nourishing the meaning of breathing.It is just like breathing, one goes out and one comes in, one goes and one comes, and it is also like a kind of digestion, which is a kind of news.However, who knows that the breath must wait for the disappearance, and who knows that the disappearance will become the breath.Life and death, success or failure, gains and losses, my way is consistent. "Yi Zhuan" says: "One yin and one yang are called Dao." But the hexagrams in "Yi" are dry first and then Kun.Lianxi's "Tai Chi Tu Shuo" also said: "Tai Chi moves to produce Yang, extreme movement leads to stillness, and stillness produces Yin. One movement and one stillness are the roots of each other." It is said that the way of heaven must precede Yang.It is also said: "The Lord stands still at the pole of man", which means that the human way is still yin.Transformation and breath should belong to yang, while disappearance should belong to yin.Digestion and news are also all genital.Also talk about change, talk about rest. "The Doctrine of the Mean" says: "Movement leads to change, and change leads to transformation." Three meals a day are changes, and if there is no change, how can there be change.Hugh, stop righteousness.However, one breath and one breath must not stop. "Great Learning" says: "Knowing stop and then being able to settle down, being still and then being able to be calm, being quiet and then being able to be at ease, being at ease and then being able to worry, and then being able to think and then being able to achieve." Stopping is not true stopping, and stillness is not true tranquility.From the beginning to the end, it is also the first to the last and then the beginning.This still speaks of digestion and news. The opposite of "elimination" is "accumulation".Xunzi is best to talk about accumulation.Mencius talked about nurturing, saying: "I am good at nurturing my noble spirit." Nurturing means transformation and interest.Qi can also be described as gasification and breath, and the traditional Chinese Confucianism Xun is not as good as Meng.Taoist Zhuang and Lao talk more about reducing righteousness than accumulating righteousness. "The Doctrine of the Mean" and "Yizhuan" can understand Confucianism and Taoism, and the meaning of loss is no less than the meaning of gain.Today people talk positively about positive things, but not negatively about them. This is bound to be a departure from our culture. Today people also refer to reading newspaper news as "inquiring about news", which is very interesting.Wouldn't it be a big news for the whole world if the United States and the Soviet Union abolished the nuclear arms negotiations?Of course, one must know which of them should be eliminated, which should be stopped, which should be eliminated, and which should be stopped.This conference has been going on for many years, and this is the third time. What is the previous news, roughly guess the following news.The Chinese people learn from the past to know the present, the entire twenty-five histories, the ups and downs, the ups and downs, and the great news of the traditional Chinese culture.If you have to get rid of the old, you can start a new one. This kind of news is hard to find. Whether you listen to the news or not read it has profound meaning.The Chinese pay more attention to sound than color, color must be attached, and sound is ethereal.Therefore, the Chinese say cleverness, cleverness comes first, and wisdom comes later, and they don't talk about cleverness.The light and color are different, but the sound and light are still different.The language has successively, and the superior and the inferior are different.Therefore, it is said to be deaf, but not blind.Ignorance is like deafness, and deafness is like ignorance.Evening drums and morning bells are shaking their ears.The sky will use the master as a wooden duo, and the sound of the duo can also be heard, which is better than the sun only shining on the eyes.Therefore, when words disappear, sound can be eliminated, but light and color cannot be eliminated. Another example is the saying "not listening to the teaching", it means not listening, but disagreeing, disapproving, not listening is in the heart.It is very different from hearing without hearing if the heart is absent.It is also like the saying "listen to people's orders" and "obedience to words", this listening is all in the heart.Another example is "seeing is worth hearing a hundred times".To smell means to listen to what people say.To see is to see it in person.People's words are not credible, and they are different from the so-called people who tell people what they say.If we refer to the functions of the ears and eyes, the ears must be followed by the eyes, followed by the mouth, nose, and tongue. The Chinese say with the mouth that an official is placed behind the eyes and ears, and this meaning is especially delicious.The entrance of things is only for self-cultivation.When the sound enters the ears, one can hear the mind and nature of others, so as to cultivate one's own mind and spirit.Therefore, the mouth of a man is not much different from that of an animal, but the ear of a man is very different from that of an animal.Mencius said: "Humans are different from animals." If we talk about the five sense organs, we must first hear the ears, then the eyes, and then reach the mouth.This is also an important message in the evolution of life in nature. The Chinese also say "it doesn't need to be like this", which has a deep meaning.Digestion and news are all eliminated, but words cannot be eliminated.When it is eliminated, it must be eliminated.可见消乃人生所需。又言“不屑”，不屑之教诲其义又重于不消。此皆当明得“消”字义，乃可引申明得“不消”、“不屑”义。中国人称“不肖子”，此“肖”字亦兼涵有“化”字义。父母之于子女本具教化之责。子女于父母则不然。故父顽母嚣，亦不称不肖。 此皆以俗语上推之雅言，而可探听中国传统文化中一些大好消息。今人必鄙弃雅言，提倡俗语，此一消息恐不甚好。偶举八例，略加阐申，触类旁通，以待读者。 （九）中和 《中庸》言：“天命之谓性，率性之谓道，修道之谓教。喜怒哀乐之未发谓之中，发而皆中节谓之和，致中和，天地位焉，万物育焉。”今按：此章率性修道皆指人事言。事见于外，其蕴藏于内者则为情，即喜、怒、哀、乐、爱、恶、欲之七情是也。未发谓之中，谓其当未发时，不偏不倚，正位居中，故能发而中节。倘先有偏倚，或有宿喜，或有藏怒，则先已失中，其发亦未能有适中之和矣。此“中”字当先自有涵养工夫，故“中和”连言。非专指其藏于内，乃指其藏于内而先自有其中。 （十）事情 one 俗称“事情”，事在心外各不相同，但事在心头不免因事生情。情则可以大略相同。如太阳晨起晚落，此属事。但日起日落，人心对之生情，则对朝阳可与对夕阳同。人情必相异。此人之情亦可与他人同。甚至千百年之前可与千百年之后同。中国诗人之咏朝阳夕阳，大体可证。 故事不同，而情则同。此一同处，中国人俗语称之曰“境”。如言“境遇”、“境界”。中国人言人生，极重此一境，故又称人生之境界。实则人生渡越此境界。如孔门颜渊，一箪食、一瓢饮，在陋巷，人不堪其优，回也不改其乐。此见同一境，而处境之心情有不同。近人重西化好言境遇。中国人生则在此境遇中求性情。周濂溪教二程兄弟寻孔颜乐处，即指示人生重要意义重在此境遇中。当知乐处即在心情上，不在境遇上。近代人西化，务在外面境遇上求，不知在自己内部心性上求。此则中西文化大相异处。而吾国人今日已不知其辨矣。 今日世界则正在大变中，西方人向外求，到处碰壁，今始反而知改，转向内部求。如美苏核子谈判，即其一例。又商业、经济亦渐向内部求。如英如法，如其他各国，当前经济亦都同向美钞价值求，但心情内外有变，此即其一例。 two 行事表于外，必有其存于中者。当求表里一体，非可分割以为二。俗称事情，其中亦有甚深涵义。昧者不察，徒见其事，而不审其先自内蕴之情，则事而非事，并有适相违逆者。故《中庸》继此即提出一“诚”字来。诚则已发未发，表里如一。 （十一）知识 余幼年读，而不知读金圣叹批注，往往仅见其事，不知其情。真伪莫辨，是非不明。嗣得小学中一顾老师指点，乃知读金圣叹批注，始恍然大悟。士先器识，而后才艺。俗又连言“知识”，知只是仅知其事，识乃识其内里之情。内外一体，始为真识。徒求子外，则乌从而知其体。 俗又称“相貌”，其实貌则一见便知，相则由相互比较，综合归纳而来，实乃一种识，而非止于知。故俗又称“识相”，但不言知相。俗又言“见识”，不言见知。一见而知，是见了便即知，言了见即不必再言知，言了知亦不必再言见。但见即知，却未必有所识。所谓知人知面不知心，能知到其人之内心深处，乃得谓认识其人。故俗又言“认识”，却不言认知，其中皆有深义。俗言识相，亦涵深义。若要再用白话来解释此两字，则诚难之又难矣。 (十二）东西 俗又称万物曰“东西”，此承战国诸子阴阳五行家言来。但何以不言南北，而必言东西？因南北仅方位之异，而东西则日出日没，有生命意义寓乎其间。凡物皆有存亡成毁，故言东西，其意更切。 （十三）运气 俗又言“命运”、“运气”。无论其为命与气，皆有运转不息义，又有周而复始义，故亦言“天运”。今人言运动，则大失其义。此“运动”二字，乃译自西方语，有比较竞争义，而无周而复始义，与中国原有俗语“运”字大不同。 （十四）过失 中国人论人生，最重改过迁善。 “过”有空间义。凡富贵，皆当适如其分，故曰“安分守己”，“过犹不及”。尽求富，尽求贵，所得愈多，或所失乃更多。故俗语连称“过失”。How can we know that it is not a blessing if it is a blessing in disguise.失不足虑，过乃可虑。 过之时间义，如过去。人之生命，不能过了便算，当好好保留。大人者，不失其赤子之心。倘过了便放弃，那真是一大过失，过去的不能尽让它过去，未来的亦不能尽要它即来。孔子圣之时，随时顺变，务求恰到好处。此亦是一种无过不及之中节处。 俗称“过失”、“过去”，人生不能无失无去，但可以无过。赤子时期失去了，当长大成人，并成为一大人。但赤子之心则未去未失，当善为保养，故孟子曰：“大人者，不失其赤子之心者也。”若并此而失去，则为人生一大过。 求长生，要此生永不过去，此是一过。求涅槃，要此生全不保留，此又是一过。生此世，却一心想要进天堂，此亦是一过。过失过去，失了去了，却有其不失不去处。故贵安贵守，又贵随时而顺变。如是如是，乃为无过。不失不去，才是可安可守处。 叔孙豹言“不朽”，不如孔子言“后生可畏”，乃为真无过。蘧伯玉“欲寡其过而未能”，此七字须好好参寻。 （十五）号令 ：“巧言令色鲜矣仁。”此“令”字有俗语讨人喜欢义。凡在上者令其在下者，亦必有使在下者喜欢意，故称令。又如俗语称令尊、令亲、令郎、令爱，令字皆有可亲可尊义。凡在上者令其在下，亦当使在下者对之可亲可尊，故亦称令。 又如屋檐漏水和缓，称“泠”，暴雨急漏则不称泠。又如“零散”“零落”，此皆如水滴放松，无严密逼切义。凡政府定一政令，下一法令，称为令，亦必和缓放松，不最严密、不逼切。 又如发号施令，“号”亦一好字眼。如人有名有号，必佳称，非恶称。又如帝皇年号，皆佳称。清代历朝年摘号，如顺治、康熙、雍正、乾隆、嘉庆以下皆然。历史上各朝各代年号亦然。故称号召，又称口号。所谓号令，皆当如此。而岂专制帝王强其下以必从者，亦得称为号令？ （十六）职业 今俗常称“职业”，其实此两字乃中西文化一大分别所在。中国人重“职”，主对外，尽我为人，有职位、职名、职分诸称。西方人重“业”，主对内，尽人为我，有事业、行业诸称。如父慈子孝，乃言职。中国人言五伦，皆言职。若言业，则无此分别。 西方人言自由、平等、独立，乃言各己之业。若言职，亦无此分别。故父母生子女，必当养育教诲之职。岂得自由为之子？又岂得为子者不孝其父母而与居平等之地位？又岂得各自独立，父为父，子为子，不相关联，不相牵涉？ 即今工厂一职工，职位既定，即当守分，又乌得自由平等与独立？为商者在群中亦一职，故中国人必言信义通商。今从西方话，只称“商业”，决不称“商职”，可悟此二字之相异矣。故今俗称职业，以中国传统言，则可谓不辞之至。 今再言“进取”与“保守”，中国人重尽职，故主保守。西方人尚商业，故重进取。又岂得谓进取者全是，而保守则全非乎。 又中国人重职，故言“职事”，不得言事职。西方人重业，故言“事业”，不得言业事。其余类此者尚多，偶举一例，恕不备述。 （十七）释包 包，从手为抱，乃向内会合。从足为跑，西湖庐山皆有虎跑泉，乃向外分开。奔跑乃分开脚步，会合运使。如言同胞，言双胞胎，乃指其合于内而分于外。从石为砲，亦指其内合而外分。咆哮，乃气足于内而外露。从食为饱，仅指足于内。从衣为袍，则指加于外。水泡亦然。从草则含苞待放。庖厨，米麦牲禽所聚，而分别烹煮，兼容并包，容于内而包于外。但如形容容貌，容亦兼外义。 （十八）释兆 兆，从手为挑，从足为跳。兆有跃露迹象义，俗称兆头。春光明媚，惟桃最易透露其迹象。桃之夭夭，则以其艳放而早谢。逃则速离速去。不祧之祖，乃其祖先之永不离于祭祀者。亿兆则祖先已远，仅堪记忆，或不可计数。不如夫妇家庭乡党邻里，亲切而寡少。故称兆民，亦涵远义。 （十九）释淑 窈窕淑女，窕乃幽深封闭，而微露其迹象。叔从宀为寂，从水为淑，非波涛汹涌，而静流细注。女性之美有如此，故称淑女。伯仲叔季，叔当有弟道，数一数二固可，老三老四宜有未当。 （二十）释媛 媛从爱，如温暖，又如柔缓和缓。温柔温和乃女性美德。如援，能助人。从冷酷中得温暖，从紧张中得柔缓和缓。爰字作于是解，亦此义。