Chapter 17 Chinese Educational System and Educational Thought-5

Fives The reunification of the Sui and Tang Dynasties revived, and the public education system of the Han Dynasty also revived.During the reign of Emperor Taizong in the early Tang Dynasty, Goryeo, Baekje, Silla, Gaochang, and Tubo all sent overseas students to China, and there were as many as 8,000 Taizong students.There are also specialties in books, arithmetic, and laws. The academic system seems to be more advanced than that in the Han Dynasty. However, the Han system had to advance to Taixue before being elected, while in the Tang Dynasty, education and examinations were developed separately.Taixue background and the public election of Jinshi are two different things, and the examination is used to replace the election in the Han Dynasty.It is easy to be born in a school, but difficult to be openly elected.In public opinion, Jinshi is valued more than Taisheng students.At that time, although the central government had a high status, the national public education did not make a big comeback.Moreover, family education and monastery education existed in the Tang Dynasty.As far as education is concerned, there is no great victory over the Wei, Jin, Southern and Northern Dynasties.

It is understandable that the examinations in the Tang Dynasty emphasized poetry and prose.The exam is a kind of intelligence test. In a short poem, there are knowledge, ambition, sustenance, and feelings. Not only the intelligence is high, but also the knowledge and character can be glimpsed here.If it is a policy question or a scripture, the content of the subject matter has already been limited, and it is not easy to surprise and win.Moreover, Chen Chen Xiangyin is easy to figure out plagiarism, not as good as poem titles, which emerge in endlessly and are unprepared.However, the examinees have to make use of the questions to make full use of their own interests and see their talents in the constraints.

In the Tang Dynasty, the Jinshi examination was finally used to gradually replace the power of family status.People who are lonely in society can also be uprooted from the ground and become officials, so that official careers are no longer monopolized by family status.Before taking the exam, poor scholars often go to the monastery to study.It's like the story of the king broadcasting the bell after dinner.According to legend, a traveler from a certain temple in Yangzhou fasted with the monks.The Sangha was tired of being lazy, so they stopped beating the bell after fasting, and wrote a poem with the sentence "I am ashamed of the bell after dinner".After broadcasting Xianda, he went out of the town of Yangzhou to visit Jiuyou. The poems he wrote have been accepted by the green sarong.Or the story of Duan Wenchang is similar to this.Other such things are also seen frequently.

Therefore, it can be said that in the Tang Dynasty, there were only examinations to obtain talents, but no schools to cultivate talents.Cultivating talents still depends on monasteries and family status.Those raised in monasteries are not useful for the world, and they come from a family background, so the ratio is gradually not as high as that of Jinshi.And Jinshi only advocates poetry and Fu, so it is inevitable that practical learning will gradually decline and become frivolous.In the late Tang Dynasty, during the reign of Emperor Zhaozong, Zheng Chen thought that Xihou's poems would get a phase.He said that even if everyone in the world is illiterate, their phase is not as good as mine.The Zhizhao said: "Kill the people of the world with laughter." He also said: "After the rest, Zheng Wu will be the prime minister, so we can know." On the donkey's back, you can get it here or there." This can also be said to have self-knowledge.However, how can the country use people on the back of donkeys in the wind and snow in Baqiao to manage the peace.At that time, if the government and society had no talents in the world, if they had talents, they would only go to the temples as the patriarch of Zen Buddhism.

At the end of the Tang Dynasty, there was academy education, and this matter is the aftermath of family education.The family is in decline, and the children are eager to learn, and there are no people who learn from each other.It is to build an academy next to the house, and collect books in it. Those who accept the young talents can be teachers and friends for their children.In order to avoid the chaos of the world, they often choose famous mountain resorts to build academies, which are influenced by the temples.The flourishing of the Academy will wait for the Song Dynasty.Therefore, in the history of Chinese education, there was the Tang Dynasty, and there was a phenomenon of waist weakness and weakness.