Chapter 9 Lecture 7 Zhao Gou Jitong

After Zhao Gou arrived in Xiangzhou, one day, an envoy from Bianliang City in Tokyo came to see Zhao Gou. The envoy was carrying a wax pill containing the imperial edict of Emperor Qinzong.It turned out that Emperor Qinzong knew that Zhao Gou had not gone to Jinying, so he appointed Zhao Gou as the general of the world's soldiers and horses, and asked him to recruit troops to serve the king.Emperor Qinzong probably also saw that others could not be relied on after all, and had to rely on his own brothers.Therefore, Zhao Gou established the Marshal's Mansion in Xiangzhou and began to recruit troops.However, it takes time to train ordinary people into qualified soldiers.

The cost of war in the nomadic regime is low, almost no money is spent on war, and money can be earned.As soon as they entered the Central Plains, they crossed the Great Wall, fought and robbed all the way, and got rich when they returned to the grassland.However, the cost of war in the Central Plains Dynasty was too high, and the troops needed military pay, food, clothing, weapons, etc.In addition, even if the Song army also went to rob it, the nomads lived on the grass, and all their belongings followed the car. Once the people left, what else could be robbed?This is equivalent to spending money that cannot be reimbursed.Emperor Wu of the Han fought several battles with the Xiongnu, which became famous all over the world and demonstrated the might of the great Han.However, the national power of the Han Dynasty turned rapidly to decline because of this, and all the wealth left by the "Rule of Wenjing" was emptied.When Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty was dying, he told his heirs: "If the future generations do what I did, it will be a trace of attacking Qin." , so the conquest must not be done again.It can be seen that a strong army must be supported by a strong national power.And Song Qinzong asked Zhao Gou to be the Marshal of the Army and Horses that day, that is, he gave him an empty title, no real power, no food and salary, how could he recruit troops?Besides, what's the use of recruiting the hundreds of thousands of soldiers guarding the river?

Zhao Gou managed to gather tens of thousands of people, ready to follow the order to serve the king, and Zong Ze led the troops first.According to historical records, Zongze's troops are Lien Chan Lian Jie.In this regard, I personally have always felt a little strange, and historians have also expressed doubts.Because Song Taizu believed that a hundred civil servants were corrupt, and it was not as harmful as a general to oppose the country. Therefore, since the founding of the Song Dynasty, the policy of civil servants to manage the local area has been pursued.Zong Ze is a magistrate and a civil servant. As an old scholar, he has to look at the formation map when he is in battle. A mere 2,000 men and horses have won consecutive battles. This is probably just a beautiful word in the history books. .

When Zhao Gou was about to lead his team out, the emperor's imperial decree came again, and it was hidden in wax pills. It is said that the secret envoy brought it out hidden in his hair.The imperial decree said that it is now negotiating peace with the Kingdom of Jin, so don't be in a hurry to be king, just wait a little longer.Zong Ze and other loyal officials said with righteous indignation that this secret decree was false and could not have been the emperor's idea, and they had to send troops quickly.However, Zhao Gou understands that if only 10,000 people go to break the siege of Bianliang, it must be a sheep entering the tiger's mouth, and there will be no return, that is to say, another 10,000 lives will be taken.For a moment Zhao Gou lost his mind and fell silent.At this time, Wang Boyan said to Zongze and others, what evidence do you have that the imperial decree is false?We have to follow the order, since the emperor won't let us go, we have to wait here.This waited until the city of Tokyo was broken, until Huizong and Qinzong were captured, and until the Northern Song Dynasty perished.For a time, there was no master in the country, no one in the court, and the world was in chaos.

The people of the Kingdom of Jin didn't expect the Song Dynasty to be destroyed so easily. Their original intention was that the Song Dynasty didn't believe what they said and wanted to punish them. They didn't expect that the punishment went so smoothly and captured the Zhao clan in one fell swoop.The victory came so suddenly that people were caught off guard.The Jin people had no experience in how to rule the vast Han land in the Central Plains.Therefore, a powerful minister of the Jin Kingdom suggested that it is better to let the descendants of the Liao Kingdom rule the Han land in the Central Plains, because after all, the Liao Kingdom occupied the sixteen prefectures of Youyun and ruled the Han people.As soon as this idea was put forward, someone recommended Jiedushi Xiao Qing.Could Xiao Qing be so stupid?He quickly expressed that I lack experience and ability, and I have to learn more from the leader, which I can't do.Xiao Qing was a civil servant, so he didn't dare to do it, so he found another general, Liu Yanzong, who was in charge of the capital of the Liao Kingdom.Liu Yanzong was originally a Han from the Liao Kingdom, and a Han general who surrendered gold to the Liao Kingdom.Liu Yanzong also said that he would not do anything. He reasoned that even Xiao Qing couldn't do it, and I couldn't even do it.

Who will rule the Central Plains has become a deadlock.The second Emperor Huiqin was captured, and it was absolutely impossible for the Song Dynasty to restore it, because the people of Jin hated these people surnamed Zhao to death, and they never counted their words and always lied to them.But the Jin people don't want to stay here, and want to go back to their hometown in the Northeast, and they can't rule this place.Who will clean up this mess?In the end, the generals of the Kingdom of Jin told the ministers of the Song Dynasty that you yourself nominate a talented and virtuous person to be emperor, abolish the Zhao family, and establish a new emperor.The ministers of the Song Dynasty objected one after another, saying that the Zhao family had ruled the Central Plains for more than a hundred years, with great benevolence and generosity, and the common people's expectations.At that time, it was Qin Hui who took the lead in objecting. You might not have expected it.Qin Hui was filled with righteous indignation, according to today's words, very angry.When the Jin people saw that Qin Hui dared to confront him openly, they arrested him and other ministers who opposed it.Jin Taizong's younger brother, general Wan Yanchang felt that Qin Hui had a backbone, so he took Qin Hui in and kept him with him all the time.It was a blessing in disguise that Qin Hui was able to return to the Southern Song Dynasty later, because he was not afraid of death and was able to avoid death.

The Kingdom of Jin sent Xiao Qing to the place where Emperor Huiqin was imprisoned to deliver an edict, asking Emperor Qinzong to kneel down and receive the imperial edict from the Emperor of Jin, saying that you have been abolished and the emperor can no longer be an emperor.After the imperial decree was read, Xiao Qing came up to pick off Emperor Qinzong's dragon robe.Seeing this, Li Ruoshui, the attendant, threw himself on Emperor Qinzong and hugged Emperor Qinzong, scolding the Jin people, saying, "This is the real emperor, you are a rat, An Ganer", as if desperately protecting the lord.Wanyan Zongwang was very angry and ordered the soldiers to pull him out and execute him Ling Chi.During the torture, Li Ruoshui was still yelling and swearing, and the blood from his mouth sprayed all over Jin Guoren.The generals of the Jin Kingdom admired this kind of integrity very much, saying that when the Liao Kingdom fell, there were dozens of righteous people; today the Song Dynasty is falling, and only Li Shilang is the only one who died for the Lord.The Zhao family was abolished, and the Jin people once again ordered the old ministers of the Song Dynasty to elect an emperor as soon as possible.

Later, a minister brought back a note from Jin Ying, which said Zhang Bangchang, the favorite candidate for the new emperor of the Jin people.The reason why Jin Guoren chose him may be that this old man is easier to manage.How can you tell?As soon as he entered Jinying, he cried and didn't even dry his eyes.Such a person is easy to fiddle with.As a result, Zhang Bangchang was registered as the Great Chu Emperor by the people of the Kingdom of Jin, the country was named Great Chu, and the capital was set in Jinling (now Nanjing). He stayed in Bianliang for the time being, and the puppet regime was established in this way.When Zhang Bangchang learned that he was designated as the Emperor of Great Chu, he refused to do it. He knew that this was not a trivial matter, but a serious crime of treason and a crime against the nine clans.Seeing that he couldn't push it away, he simply hid and disappeared after playing.In the end, the people of the Kingdom of Jin uttered cruel words, saying that if Zhang Bangchang did not become the emperor, he would wash Kaifeng with blood and kill all men, women and children in Kaifeng City.In this way, a very paradoxical scene in Chinese history appeared.When the Jin army went south, the soldiers and civilians of Kaifeng, regardless of men, women, or children, rose up to resist the Jin soldiers under Li Gang's command; All the people in the village were killed.As a result, the common people all pointed the finger at Zhang Bangchang, saying that you can't implicate us, and we will be ruined if you don't become the emperor, and insisted on Zhang Bangchang being a traitor.The ministers also repeatedly persuaded him to enter the table, saying that you are suitable, and you must be the emperor.

The powerful enemy pressed the border, the ministers persuaded him to come in, and the voices of the common people were also very loud. Zhang Bangchang had no choice but to accept the emperor's order and rushed to the palace to accept the congratulations of the ministers.The old man set off from Shangshu Province and got on the horse weeping, more sad and desperate than rushing to the execution ground.Zhang Bangchang walked to the Daqing Hall, saw the empty throne, touched the scene, felt sad, and burst into tears, making the enthronement ceremony almost like a funeral.As soon as he cried, the ministers below also remembered that the old king had gone to the far north, and his life and death were uncertain, so they all cried together with him.Only a few hard-core traitors are full of joy, waiting for the canonization of the Great Chu Emperor, so that they can be the founding heroes.

The thrones of ancient emperors all faced the south and their backs to the north, so it is said that "the south is the king, and the north is the minister".Zhang Bangchang dare not sit on the throne, so what should we do?He sat facing east, and all civil and military officials faced west and saluted him.When all officials salute, he must stand up and return the salute, saying that I am not the emperor, we are equal.Zhang Bangchang didn’t wear yellow robes, but red robes; he didn’t dare to open up yellow umbrellas or red umbrellas; he didn’t dare to call me, but to say what he said; he didn’t dare to call the orders he issued; Zhang Bangchang didn’t dare to enter the palace, so he even put a seal on it, which said “Honoured by Minister Zhang Bangchang”, which means that he was just looking after the stall for the emperor of Song Dynasty. One day in the future, the Song Dynasty will be restored, which can prove that he did nothing. He never dared to pretend to be the emperor, that is, when the envoys of the Kingdom of Jin came, he put on the emperor's clothes and cried to the envoys, and when the envoys were crying away, he quickly took off the imperial robes. Come down; he appointed all the officials, adding a word "Quan" in front of the official name, which means interim, such as Quan Zhi Privy Council affairs, Quan Zhong Shumen Xiaping Zhang Shi; Zhang Bangchang lives in the palace, but does not Those who dare to live in the emperor's bedroom usually live in the side hall.There were still palace servants from the previous dynasty living in the palace, whose status was equivalent to that of a concubine. One of them fell in love with Zhang Bangchang and wanted to please him, but Zhang Bangchang flatly refused.One night, Zhang Bangchang drank too much, the concubine took the opportunity to come to sleep, not only came by herself, but also called her adopted daughter.After Zhang Bangchang sobered up, he realized that the deal was done, and he regretted not falling.what should I do?The concubine was straightforward, and said to Zhang Bangchang, officials, since raw rice is cooked, let's do it.Guanjia was the respectful title given to the emperor in the Song Dynasty.Zhang Bangchang firmly disagreed and drove the two palace servants out of the palace.You know, insulting a former concubine is a serious crime.

After the people of the Kingdom of Jin established Zhang Bangchang, seeing that the Great Chu Dynasty had been established, they brought the gold, silver, jewels, and legal clothes looted from Kaifeng, and escorted the two emperors of Huiqin and royal officials to retreat.Jin Jun withdraws Let's go, Zhang Bangchang immediately invited Song Zhezong's deposed empress Meng to come out.The Meng family was the queen of the previous dynasty. She was deposed because she offended the emperor and became a female Taoist priest, so she escaped the Jingkang incident.Zhang Bangchang told her that you came to the court to listen to the government. Although your surname is not Zhao, you were the queen of the Zhao family after all. I have to return the power to you.Zhang Bangchang's Great Chu Emperor actually worked for 33 days, and then the Empress Dowager Meng came to the court to listen to the government. Zhao Gou naturally knew about these things that happened in Bianliang City in Xiangzhou.At this time, the ministers persuaded Zhao Gou to enter the table, saying that you are now the only remaining legitimate root of the Zhao family, and you must be the emperor. This is your right and even more your obligation. Whether Zhao Gou is willing to be emperor, we have no way of knowing now, and we can't guess his mood at that time.When he became the emperor, to be honest, he was similar to Zhang Bangchang, and he was completely pushed into power by others.The ministers thought to themselves that Emperor Qinzong, the son of the real dragon, had been taken captive to the northern kingdom, but the kingdom cannot be without a master, so let Zhao Gou temporarily replace it.One day we will go north to the Central Plains and welcome back the Second Sage. When Zhao Gou has completed his mission, he can step down.As for the emperor Zhao Gou who worked for decades and finally established the Southern Song Dynasty in Lin'an, no one thought of it at the time. What would happen if Zhao Gou did not become emperor?I don't know how many people will come out to proclaim themselves kings and emperors in the Central Plains, and there may be emperors everywhere.As soon as the Jin army withdrew, the local regime in the Northern Song Dynasty tended to disintegrate, and the entire Central Plains was in chaos.Heroes come out of troubled times, and those who have guns are the grass-headed kings. Many people will rise up to become emperors, especially those descendants of Taizu and Wei Wang who are scattered among the people, and they are eager to take the opportunity to restore their ancestors.There was a feeling of wolf smoke all over the place. As soon as Zhao Gou came out, Zhang Bangchang hurriedly returned the throne to Zhao Gou.Zhang Bangchang issued an order: "The tenth generation of the Han family should be rejuvenated by Guangwu Zhongxing; Xian Gong's nine sons, but Chong'er is still alive. This is God's will, how can the husband plan? The cooperation between China and foreign countries is still in danger. count." What does that mean?The Western Han Dynasty lasted for ten generations, and was later usurped by Wang Mang. Liu Xiu, Emperor Guangwu of the Han Dynasty, snatched the power back from Wang Mang's new dynasty, and created the Eastern Han Dynasty for nearly two hundred years.Zhang Bangchang compared Zhao Gou to Liu Xiu, Emperor Guangwu of the Han Dynasty, and compared Zhao Gou's accession to the throne to "Guangwu Zhongxing".During the Spring and Autumn Period and the Warring States Period, Duke Xian of Jin had nine sons. Chong'er inherited his father's seat and became Duke Wen of Jin later.Zhang Bangchang compared Zhao Gou with these two famous masters of ZTE reconstruction in history.Zhang Bangchang sent someone to take Yuxi to see Zhao Gou. Zhao Gou accepted Yuxi, ascended the throne, and changed Yuan Jianyan. He became Song Gaozong later.So far, the government has returned to the Zhao family, and Zhao Gou just turned 20 this year. After Zhao Gou became emperor, Zhang Bangchang came to see Zhao Gou in person.As soon as we met, Zhang Bangchang knelt on the ground and kowtowed, weeping bitterly. He was the best at this job. He said that I was really forced to be a puppet emperor for 33 days, and I was sentenced to death.Zhao Gou reached out to support him, saying that Ai Qinggong is in Sheji, without you, Kaifeng City does not know what will happen.You stood up, maintained the overall situation, and stabilized people's hearts. You have made great contributions and are not guilty.Zhao Gou not only pardoned Zhang Bangchang's crimes, but also named him Taizai (equivalent to the prime minister) and the king of Tong'an County, which is equivalent to being named king with a different surname.It can be seen that Zhao Gou attaches great importance to Zhang Bangchang. Zhao Gou took over the throne from Zhang Bangchang, and there was a problem of injustice and injustice.Because Zhang Bangchang's throne was established by Jin Guoren, Zhao Gou took over the throne from Zhang Bangchang, so what is his relationship with Jin Guo?In this way, the ring frame will be unclear, and his legal system will be questioned.Therefore, in the eyes of the soldiers and civilians of the Song Dynasty at that time, Zhao Gou was somewhat wrong.But Huizong was the only direct relative left, and he was the only one left.How can Zhao Gou wash away this shame?The only way to prove his innocence is to send troops quickly to regain the lost ground in Bianliang, Tokyo, and welcome back the Second Sage. This is also the high hope that everyone places on him.This heavy burden is on the 20-year-old young man. After Zhao Gou became emperor, it is said that soldiers and horses from all over the world gathered in the capital to defend the new emperor.How many people came?Saying a number can scare people to death-putting together the numbers recorded in the history books, a total of 967,500 people, it is said that this does not count the 100,000 troops that are about to arrive in Shaanxi.As a result, some historians, including those who have read history and read the depths of love, saw this and immediately complained, thinking that Zhao Gou was too incompetent, why didn't he save his father and brother in distress with a million-strong army? Woolen cloth? This involves one of the most basic questions. This million-strong army needs to eat, so what do they rely on to feed them?There is a saying in ancient times, which is "to raise soldiers by tens of thousands of people is to spend a lot of money every day".In the Song Dynasty, all the gold, silver and jewelry in the treasury were looted by the Jin people, and the treasury was basically empty.Most of the soldiers in the Song Army had infantry, and the soldiers rushed to fight on two legs. A pair of shoes worn on the feet would wear out in a few days, so the military shoes alone became a very heavy burden.In terms of food, if you are very hungry, you can still go to the people's homes to rob, go to the field to cut, the shoes may not be able to be robbed, even if they are robbed, they may not be suitable, and the shoes that are one size larger will be lost when running. ?Based on a comprehensive calculation, the monthly expenditure of a million-strong army would need about 10 million guan, which was undoubtedly an unmatched amount for the national power of the Song Dynasty at that time. Zhao Gou did not move. He sent officials to various places to collect wages, especially those who went to Sichuan.Because Sichuan was known as the "Land of Abundance" in ancient times, it was quite rich, and because "the road to Shu is difficult, it is difficult to go to In ancient China, especially in the Tang Dynasty, basically when the central plains were in turmoil, the emperor was lucky to go to Sichuan and fled to Sichuan. This official spent a lot of effort , and urged back 7.3 million guan, which is only enough for a million troops to feed for twenty days, and it cannot meet the military needs at all. Whenever the Song army pays the army, there must be two ministers from the Ministry of Households and the Ministry of War to suppress it, otherwise the soldiers will be killed. Grab it. At that time, the ranks and grades were called military ranks according to our current concept. Since Zhao Gou was 19 years old when he was envoy to Jinying for more than a year, he has been wandering, tossing and turning, hiding everywhere.What he saw was not how much the army could fight, but how much the army could eat. It was impossible for him to know what was going on with the million-dollar army, and the possibility of him commanding the million-dollar army to welcome back the second saint was very small. .Moreover, these millions of troops are more here to make a living. When they really let them go north, it is still unknown how many people will be left. Later historians criticized Zhao Gou extremely harshly, especially the Jin people at that time, who criticized Zhao Gou even more harshly.Because the people of the Kingdom of Jin hated Zhao Gou very much, they established the Puppet Chu in order to destroy Zhao Song. They finally established Zhang Bangchang as the emperor. It was given to Zhao Gou, but now the Song Dynasty has recovered.It is said that Wanyan Zongwang asked Zhao Gou to go to Jinying for the second time, because Wanyan Zongwang later found out that this person was really a prince and not the general's child, so he regretted letting Zhao Gou go.Wanyan Zongwang believed that Zhao Gou was the most talented prince in the Song Dynasty, and he must be a disaster after returning. Isn't this letting the tiger go back to the mountain?So the second roll call asked Zhao Gou to go to Jinying to negotiate a peace.As a result, Zhao Gou not only did not go, but also became the general of the world's soldiers and horses, the king of soldiers and soldiers, and later became the new emperor.The people of the Kingdom of Jin thought that this person would pose a great threat to the Kingdom of Jin in the future, and looking at King Su, who was exchanged for a hostage, he was a coward and would cry all day long. He really regretted it. Therefore, Jin Guo poured dirty water on Zhao Gou, slandering him as much as he could.How did the Jin people, including later historians, criticize Zhao Gou? "I was ordered to go out for peace, and I have made a plan to hide; I have raised troops to enter the guard, but it is a fund to protect myself." It is said that Zhao Gou was sent as an envoy by the emperor's order, but he had already made plans to abscond to save his life.Reasoning along this line of thought, why is Zhao Gou willing to go on an envoy?It was seeing that Bianliang City was about to be breached, so he took the initiative to invite Ying, and then took the opportunity to escape.If Zhao Gou could predict that Bianliang City would be breached, it would be considered astonishing foresight, but for a 19-year-old child, this statement cannot be established.Later, it was said that after Zhao Zuo became the generalissimo who ordered the soldiers and horses, instead of leading troops to rescue the capital, he turned these soldiers and horses into capital to protect himself.Many historians, including today, criticize him in this way. In fact, we can see that these soldiers recruited by Zhao Gou not only did not become his self-protection, nor did they become his guards, on the contrary, they became a heavy burden for him.Let me explain again In other words, Zhao Gou's being the emperor was completely forced and helpless, and it was an involuntary choice.Moreover, in order to show his orthodoxy and to silence the people of the world, he did not become emperor in Bianliang, Tokyo.Some people may also say that Zhao Gou is guilty of being a thief, or why he dared not return to his old capital, Bianliang, Tokyo, and chose to become emperor in Yingtianfu, Nanjing (now Shangqiu, Henan)?In fact, the reason why Zhao Gou chose Yingtianfu in Nanjing was because it was the place where Taizu Longxing lived.This means that he inherited the will of Taizu Taizong, and he wants to tell the world that he represents everyone and the Zhao family.Zhao Gou's becoming emperor annoyed the people of the Kingdom of Jin, and they began to contemplate a plan to go south to attack the Song Dynasty for the third time.Of course, this Song Dynasty is already the Southern Song Dynasty.