Chapter 27 Part III Supplements of Grassland Shaman Culture-3

"Ominan" is an open ritual activity in which new shamans seek advice and practice from old shamans in the Ewenki people. Ewenki shamans hold Ominan festivals at least four times in their lifetime.Every time the Ominan ceremony is held, the antlers on the shaman hat will increase by two forks.For example, the Nyula shaman of Aoluguya held four Ominan ceremonies, and the antlers on his hat were increased from three to nine.Due to her defeat in a battle with a shaman named Tusimore, her antlers were reduced from nine to six. (30) (31) According to Haher, Ominan is a very grand ceremony, which is held every few years, usually in the fifth and sixth months of the lunar calendar when the grass is green and the trees are green.Ominan means "drinking blood" in the Ewenki language.In the ritual, the shaman will drink the blood of the sacrificed animals, drink it in, and spit it out to drive away ghosts.This kind of ceremony may take three or five years, depending on the needs of the shaman who wants to perform the ceremony.One sacrifice lasts for 5 or 6 years.During the ceremony, the old shaman said, I am old, please let the gods let the children graduate.

During the "Ominan" sacrifice, a tree was planted inside the yurt of the shaman, and a tree outside the door was connected with a leather rope. If the leather rope is too tight, people will die if they cannot be tied. It is good to be generous and increase the population. .My family held a ceremony and led a two-year-old cow. At that time, there were fifty or sixty children.The shaman played drums and tricks in the ceremony, and used the drums to stir up the children. The children who had been stirred up by the drums recovered from their illnesses, and the ghosts and gods stopped bothering them.After the ceremony, everyone is given a bell, which is sewn on the back, taken off at night, and placed in the shrine. The first thing mother does in the morning is to tie the bell to the back. "Ominan" needs to drill holes, which means auspiciousness and longevity, which is good for the family and clan.

Dai Fuxiang said that when dancing Ominan, all the gods are invited. The master and the apprentice dance together. All gods are invited.After you come, offer to God. A tree is buried in the shaman's room, the trunk should have leaves, and a tree should be outside, and a thread should be pulled between the trees inside and outside, and the thread will go out from the roof.There are hada on the line, as well as red cloth strips, yellow cloth strips, and blue cloth strips. Hada is the most precious. (32) (33) (35) There is also "Stealing Ao Mie", the one who gets the red cloth is the daughter, and the one who gets the green and blue cloth is the boy.The khata should be given in pairs, not in singles.People use wine to toast god clothes, shamans, and sacred trees, and kowtow to them. The shaman expresses blessings to people, wishing good health, endless children, safe going out, and a good harvest in the year.

The ancestor god in the ceremony is Ajiaoru Bulkan.When praying to the gods, please come and dance one by one, jumping around the sacred tree, what is muttering in your mouth, I don’t know.Please ask the gods to invite the gods at home first, and then invite the gods from outside, such as fox gods and so on.There are many bird gods in the Ewenki nationality, including the cuckoo and Deyi (a bird that delivers letters). In the ceremony, sheep are sacrificed to the gods, and the shaman drinks the blood, and spits it out after drinking.First ask the master shaman to drink it, drink it like a bird, and blow out the blood after drinking it, and the patient will be cured.After this, all the people of the tribe were tied up with ropes made of roe deer neck skin, and twenty or thirty people of the same clan were all tied up.The longer the rope, the better. The shaman beats the drum in circles to heal people's diseases and make them healthy for a year.If the rope is too tight, the tribe will die, and if it grows better, the population will increase.

There are no burrows in our area, because there is a way for the gods to come from Cuoluozi. The general door faces east, but the door of Tiaoshen faces south, and the sacred tree (Tuoruo) faces the door.In some places, we sing to the north because our ancestors came from the north; we sing to the east because our ancestors came from the east. According to Dao Lige (female, 71 years old) from Chen Qi, the Ewenki shaman fell into a coma during the dance.The shaman dances to the gods first talking about his own gods, and then he visits the gods of the patient's family, greets the gods, and looks for the cause of the disease.The shaman gave the child a copper bell to hang on his back when he was ill. After a year, the copper bell was taken away.This kind of dance is done once a year, and no matter whether there are patients or not, a shaman must be invited, and what the shaman takes away is the milk skin and dry milk. This is like a family annual meeting.

According to Haher, on the third day, Ominan offered sacrifices to Wu Muxi.He Xiuzhi believes that Ominan's sacrifice is the ancestor dragon, and the main god of Ominan is the god of the three realms.Ominan also worships all the gods, in addition to the ancestor gods, also for foreign gods.Ominan has nine male and nine female gods, co-existing with the sun, moon, and universe.From the perspective of nine male and nine female idols, they hold hands, and nine represents many, which means that there will be many generations of descendants to reproduce, and hand in hand means coexistence and good development. (37)