Chapter 28 Section 4 The Stone Classics of the Northern Song Dynasty and the Stone Scriptures of the Southern Song Dynasty

These two Stone Classics are similar in age, and neither is as complete as the Tang and Shu Stone Classics.The Nine Classics of the Northern Song Dynasty and the Seven Classics of the Southern Song Dynasty are not 12 or 13. Commonly known as "Jiayou Stone Scripture".It was carved in the first year of Qingli (1041 AD) of Emperor Renzong of Song Dynasty and completed in the sixth year of Emperor Renzong Jiayou (1061 AD), which lasted 20 years.When the stone scriptures were engraved in the Northern Song Dynasty, the Shu Stone Classics had not yet finished engraving the scriptures originally planned, and the people of the Song Dynasty had not yet re-engraved "Mencius".In the first year of Emperor Renzong of Song Dynasty (1049 A.D.), the three biographies of "Spring and Autumn" were carved on the Shu Stone Classics, and it was only 12 years later that the Song Stone Classics were carved.

The Song Dynasty officially promoted "Mencius" to the scriptures, so the stone classics of the Northern Song Dynasty were engraved with "Zhouyi", "Mao Shi", "Shangshu", "Zhouli", "Book of Rites", "Spring and Autumn", "Xiaojing", "Mencius" Nine kinds of scriptures (called "Nine Classics" by Song people) were established in Kaifeng Guozijian.Therefore, the Stone Classics of the Northern Song Dynasty are also called "Bianxue Stone Classics" or "Kaifeng Mansion Stone Classics".

Book alchemists include Yang Nanzhong, Zhao Keji, Zhang Cili and so on.The calligraphy style is seal script and official script, so it is also called "two-character stone scripture" or "two-character stone scripture". This stone scripture was destroyed during the war in the middle of the Song Dynasty, and was completely destroyed by the end of the Yuan Dynasty.In modern times, a small number of residual stones from "Book of Changes", "Shangshu", "Zhou Li", "Book of Rites" and "Book of Filial Piety" were unearthed. It is commonly known as "Shaoxing Yushu Shijing", also known as "Song Gaozong Yushu Shijing".It was first engraved in the fifth year of Shaoxing, Emperor Gaozong of the Southern Song Dynasty (AD 1135), and was completed in the fourth year of Song Xiaozong Chunxi (AD 1177).It was established in Lin'an (now Hangzhou) Taixue, so it is also called "Lin'an Stone Classic" or "Song Taixue Yushu Shijing".In the fourth year of Emperor Xiaozong's Chunxi reign, a stone scripture pavilion was specially built. The stone scriptures are placed in the pavilion, and the rubbings are hidden in the pavilion.

This book of stone was first engraved with six kinds of "Book of Changes", "Mao Shi", "Shang Shu", "Chunqiu Zuo Shi Zhuan", "Mencius", and later added "University", "Doctrine of the Mean", " There are five articles, "Xue Ji", "Confucianism", and "Jing Jie", a total of seven kinds of scriptures.Most of the stone scriptures of the Southern Song Dynasty were written by Emperor Gaozong of the Song Dynasty, and occasionally a few were written by Wu Shi, Empress Xiansheng. According to records, Emperor Gaozong of the Southern Song Dynasty liked to write.He often wrote scriptures and sent them to his ministers. According to the "Yuhai" by Wang Yinglin of the Song Dynasty, Emperor Gaozong once said to the ministers: "It is better to write scriptures than to learn to write. Not only can you write, but you can't forget the scriptures." According to Song Dynasty Ye Shaoweng's "Four Chao Wen Jian Lu said:

Emperor Gaozong wrote the Six Classics, and bestowed Guozijian and stone books on Yuzhouxiang.Shangqin Yuhanmo, a little tired, ordered the follow-up letter of Emperor Xiansheng, which is still unclear. The Southern Song Dynasty Shijing script, five articles in "Yi", "Shi", "Zuo Zhuan" and "Book of Rites" are in regular script, and "Mencius" is in running script. The number of steles is unknown.After the death of the Song Dynasty, there were many ruins.Up to now, there are still more than 80 steles in Hangzhou West Lake Academy.