Chapter 28 Section 2 Avoid Mistaking One Person for Two

In the Tang Dynasty, Liu Su described a joke about a talented official named Zhang Yougu in "New Words of the Tang Dynasty: Punishment".When Zhang Yougu was chatting with his colleagues, he said that it was a pity that Ban Gu of the Eastern Han Dynasty had such great knowledge and literary talent that his works were not included in "Selected Works of Zhaoming".Some people questioned, "Liangdu Fu", "Yanshan Ming" and "Dianyin" are all in "Wenxuan", so how can there be no income?Zhang Yougu retorted: "This is not an article by Ban Mengjian, so why is it related to Ban Gu?" Ban Gu's name is Meng Jian, and he doesn't know the reason for the name association, so he can't get inspiration from the clue that Jian and Gu are synonymous.

In the "Dictionary of Chinese Names" published by the Commercial Press in the early years, there are also many entries that treat one person as two people, which is also caused by ignoring the relationship between names.Examples are as follows: For example, under the word "Gao", the word Gao Yong was accepted as Ruan Huaitiao, and the word Gao Yong was accepted as Ruan Huaitiao.The answer to "Yong" in "Ruan Huai" is named after the "Yong Huai Poetry" written by Ruan Ji in Jin Dynasty. Yong and Ruan Huai do not agree, and Yong must be a corruption of the traditional "Yong", because the handwritten "Yan" is similar to San Dian Shui.If you consider that the Qing people used to imitate the Qin and Han people and used borrowed characters as names, you will also realize the relationship between "Yong" and "Ruan Huai".What's more, the "two people" were both from Xuancheng in the Qing Dynasty. They both had the "child prodigy's eyes" when they were young, and they both had "Yishantang Collection" and "Ruoyantang Collection". Isn't it very obvious that they are one person? ?

Also, under the word "Li", Li Qi [qi Qi] from Jingzeng was accepted, and Li Yi from Jinglu was accepted.However, both were from Jiayu in the Ming Dynasty, both were Jinshi in Wanli, and they were both officials in the official department. They were both sentenced to the imperial staff and dismissed as civilians because they admonished the middle official Zhang Jing for breaking the law and provoked the emperor's anger.How can there be such a coincidence in the world.It turns out that the characters Yi and Qi are similar, and the characters Lu and Zeng are similar in shape, so the corruption occurred. "History of Ming Dynasty Li Yi Biography" is written as "name Yi with the word Jinglu", while other books are engraved with "name Qi with the word Jingzeng".It can be said that the name of "History of Ming Dynasty" is correct, and his writing is correct.Judging by the way the names are coordinated and combined, this belongs to "summarizing the scriptures". "The Analects of Confucius Advanced" recounts a story of Confucius ordering his disciples to talk freely about their personal interests. When it was Zeng Xi's turn, Zeng Xi said that he would go to Yishui to wash with five or six adults and six or seven children. After taking a bath, I went to the dancer (yuyu) stage to blow some air, and then came back singing happily.These words touched some bitterness of Confucius, who was near his twilight years and unable to follow the right way, and he sighed: "I and Dian!" behavior, so people take this scripture meaning as the name.The name Yi and the word Jingzeng refer to Zeng Xi, who Jingmu was praised by Confucius for "bathing in Yi".It can be seen that Qi is completely wrong.Lu, there is also a little connection, because Yishui is a big river in the territory of Lu, and it is near the capital.But in any case, it is not as close and direct as "Zeng" and "Yi".The lexicographers ignored the relationship between names and characters, and were fooled by corrupt characters, dividing one person into two.

Under the word "Lin", a Lin Shidian with the Song Dynasty character Yongdao was accepted, and another Lin Shilou with the Song Dynasty character Yongdao was accepted. This is also treating one person as two people.蒧, borrowed as "point". "Historical Records: Biography of Zhongni's Disciples": "Zeng Shu, Zixi." The commentary of the collection: "Sound point." It's just because sometimes it is written as "Dian" and sometimes it is written as "蒧". People in later generations who don't understand the situation think that Dian and "蒧" are two different characters, which naturally represent two people.In addition, there are discrepancies in the information used by the dictionary editors. One is from Tiantai and the other is from Linhai. It seems that their origins are different, and they are more like two people.In fact, this was caused by ignorance of the administrative divisions of the Song Dynasty.In the Song Dynasty, Linhai County, Taizhou was established, and Tiantai was under its jurisdiction (Taizhou was named after the Tiantai Mountain in the territory). Tiantai is also called Linhai. It can be seen that it is not a different place of origin.The dynasty is the same, the name is the same, and the place of origin is the same. The name and characters are also taken from the above-mentioned "Analects of Confucius·Advanced" that once said aspirations, and their focus is also on "singing the way of the master". Is it a coincidence?That is why we say: This is to mistake one for two.

There are many such examples, and we cannot list and analyze them one by one.Of course, among contemporaries, there may be people with the same name, the same place of origin, and the same character. To judge whether it is one person or two, you must rely on other evidence, and you cannot jump to conclusions just based on the same name.