Chapter 12 Section 4: Causal Facts

All things have their own attributes, with different names, different attributes, and different functions.There are quite a few homographs in Chinese, and more polysemous words.Although the writing symbols are the same, it represents more than one word; although it is one word, it has multiple meanings.Names with the same words may not necessarily have the same essence. Therefore, when choosing words, they must be explained according to the purpose and intention of their respective names, pointing out their intentions, and confirming their attributes or functions. [Chunqiu] Ran·Danzi Zige When the ancients used leather, they must be painted with dan or lacquer for processing, because "leather" refers to "dan" which is vermilion paint to distinguish it from cinnabar.

[Han] Well · Dan character Dachun "Shuowen Danbu": "Dan, the red stone of Bayue." Duan Yucai's note: "Dan is the essence of stone. Therefore, the essence of medicine is called Dan." "Zhuangzi Xiaoyaoyou": "Ancient times For those who have a big toon, 8,000 years old is spring, and 8,000 years old is autumn." Later, "Da Chun" was called longevity.Responding to "elixir" with "big spring" means that this "elixir" is a elixir for immortality and immortality, not a scarlet pigment. (Han) Yuan·Peng Zibo Chu

Peng, known as Pengcheng, used to be the land of Chu. When the Chu and Han dynasties were fighting, Xiang Yu once made his capital here.Replacing "Peng" with "Chu" refers to Pengcheng in Chu, not Lao Peng as Confucius said, nor the sound of drums. [Song] Jin·Kuizi Jingyang Sunflower is sunny, so it indicates its nature.Du Fu's poem "Five Hundred Characters of Yonghuai from Beijing to Fengxian County": "Sunflower Huo (huo or) leans towards the sun, and its physical properties are solid." Sima Guang's poem "The Early Summer of the Guest": "Only sunflowers lean towards the sun."

[Ming] Jin Runzi Boyu "Shuowen Jade Department": "Jade, the beauty of stone has five virtues: moistening is warm, and benevolence is also..." The use of "jade" in response to "moistening" shows that it is the moistening of jade, not the moistening of stone foundation, nor The polish. (Ming) South · Xuan Zi Shuhou Where the front of the car is loaded and the rear is raised high, it is called "轾" [zhizhi], and the rear is loaded with the front raised high, which is "Xuan".Responding to "Xuan" with "Hou" indicates that "Xuan" is the Xuan's Xuan, not the Xuan where the doctor rides, nor the Xuan of the small room, nor the window of the promenade or the promenade.

[Ming] Qi·Zhi [Zhi Zhi] Jiazi Zhixiang Zhi, which is called Xie [xie Xie] Zhi.Legendary beast. "Book of Jin Yufu Zhi" refers to a person who can touch evil and flattery. "Yiwuzhi" said: "One corner, the gender is straight and straight, if you see people fighting, you can't touch it straight; if you hear people fighting, you can't be straight." Foot worms. [Qing] Yu Sideng with the word Daixian Responding to "deng" with "immortal" means that the meaning of "deng" is to rise and rise, not to climb.And secretly used Su Shi's "Former Chibi Fu" meaning of "becoming immortal".The ancients believed that most of the immortals lived in the famous mountains, and Dai was the head of the Five Sacred Mountains and respected by all the mountains, so "Dai" was used as "immortal".

[Qing] Cao Zhan [zhan felt] word Xueqin "Shuowen·Rain Department": "Zhan, rain stains." Also: "Dye, moisten." It is rainwater that stains things.Also: "Snow, ice rain is also the one who talks about things." Duan Yucai's note: ""Shi Ming" says: 'Snow, Sui Ye. Water condenses when it meets cold air, and Sui Sui suddenly falls.' So Xu called it ice rain Said, today's Yue word. Everything likes snow." The ancients said that snow is easy to attach to things, and everything likes snow, so they refer to those who are moistened as snow.Because of Su Zhe's "New Spring" poem, there is a sentence "a beautiful woman spins a hairpin to win, and the father of the garden picks celery from the snow at the beginning", so "snow" is suffixed with "celery".Scholars in the Ming and Qing Dynasties used modified words for table characters, often following the meaning of the text or connecting them.