Chapter 22 Section 5 Ancient Chess Famous Books

Among the four major arts in ancient my country, calligraphy and painting are handed down by authentic works, while qin and chess can only be handed down by notation.Chess manuals are records and research results of chess art.It reflects the development of chess and the level of chess skills in various periods, and promotes the spread and development of chess. The emergence of Chinese chess manuals, if we put aside the embryonic period of chess, and count from the "Xiang Jing" written by Emperor Wu of the Northern Zhou Dynasty, it has a history of more than 1,400 years.In the Tang Dynasty, "Xiangxi Ge" came out, describing the chess moves in the Tang Dynasty.At the beginning of the Northern Song Dynasty, Yin Zhu's "Xiangxi Ge" was published. Of course, the book describes the popular chess in the Northern Song Dynasty.It is a pity that due to the long history, these few chess records describing ancient chess in Tang and Song Dynasties have been lost.

The oldest chess score handed down now can be found in "Shi Lin Guang Ji" compiled by Chen Yuanliang in the Southern Song Dynasty. "Shi Lin Guang Ji" is an encyclopedia of cultural life.The book contains two chess games played 700 years ago.One round is a hand cannon, and the other is a row of hand cannon.This is the oldest chess game found in the history of Chinese chess.Included in the book are one endgame of "Two Dragons Going to Sea", 30 chess game names and a chess poem, such as chess piece method, chess ten tactics and ten kinds of situations, person's name situation and animal name situation.

During the Ming Dynasty, the creation of chess skills flourished and many chess records appeared, most of which were handed down in woodcuts.This is an important part of our ancient culture. There are five kinds of remnants of chess games in the Ming Dynasty, including "Dream into the God Machine" (residual version), "Jinpeng Reform Chess Book" (remnant game) and "Suitability and Elegance". In addition to the overall moves included in "Eighteen Changes of the Jin Peng", "Suitability and Elegance" contains 551 wonderful endgame games, which is the largest number, largest scale and richest content in Chinese ancient chess records. A great work, which has a very important influence in the history of Chinese chess development.

There are three kinds of famous global spectrums in Ming Dynasty: "Invincible Hand from Out of the Cave", "Eighteen Changes of Jinpeng" and "Orange in Secret". "Invincible Hand from Out of the Hole" was created earlier, and its moves are relatively simple, with few changes, but it was quite popular in the Ming Dynasty, and now only manuscripts remain. "Eighteen Changes of the Jinpeng" was originally lost, and now only in "Suitability and Elegance" and "Tao Lue Yuan Ji" published in the Qing Dynasty can we see the whole picture of the overall spectrum of the Ming Dynasty. "Orange in the Secret" has the most editions and is also the most widely circulated. It has a great influence on chess players and is one of the most famous chess records in ancient times.Until now, it is still a good teacher and helpful friend for beginners.

The Qing Dynasty was the heyday in the development history of ancient Chinese chess. Thanks to the efforts of chess masters at that time, a large number of chess manuals were created and published.Only Zhang Qiaodong, a chess master during the Qianlong and Jiaqing years of the Qing Dynasty, collected more than a hundred kinds of chess records in "Zhuxiangzhai".There are dozens of chess records handed down from the Qing Dynasty to the present, which are a batch of precious chess heritage worthy of attention. Compared with the Ming Dynasty, the printing industry in the Qing Dynasty had a greater development, so it was much more convenient to publish chess records than in the Ming Dynasty. Reprinted.However, there were also some works with real artistic value that could not be published due to suppression, such as several famous chess books at that time "Plum Blossom Book", "Plum Blossom Spring", "Wu Zhu Plum Blossom Book", "Anti-Plum Blossom Book" and so on; They are hand-copied by chess players.Some chess records such as "Abyss Deep Sea Broad" are only kept in manuscripts in the hands of the editors and have never been published. They have been circulated several times and were not discovered until after the founding of the People's Republic of China.

Famous remnants of games in the Qing Dynasty include "Taolue Yuanji", "Hundred Games of Chess", "Zhuxiangzhai Xiangqi", and "Xinwu Remnants", which are known as the four famous remnants of the Qing Dynasty. bureau spectrum.In addition, there are "Abyss Deep and Sea Broad", "Secret Records of Chess Records", "Lan Ke Shen Ji", "Lan Ke Zhen Ji" and so on.There are "Plum Blossom Spectrum", "Plum Blossom Spring", "Anti-Plum Blossom Spectrum", "Wu Zhu Meihua Spectrum", "Manpan Chess Spectrum" and so on.There are two game collections in the Qing Dynasty, "Wu Zhaolong Chess Manual" and "Shi Yang's Legacy Game".Most of these famous Qing Dynasty chess records have been compiled, annotated and published by modern people.They have played an irreplaceable important role in the development of modern and contemporary chess and the improvement of chess skills.