Chapter 21 x

Get the initiative by striking first to subdue your opponent. "Han Shu Xiang Ji Biography": "Everyone in Jiangxi today is against Qin, and this is also when the heavens perished Qin. First strike people, and then strike against others." In the first year of Qin II (209 BC), Chen Sheng, Wu Guang and others revolted in Daze Township.In September of this year, Yin Tong, the prefect of Kuaiji, summoned Xiang Liang to discuss important matters, because he always thought Xiang Liang was very capable.Xiang Liang said: "Now all the places west of the river have risen against Qin. This is the time when the heavens will destroy the Qin Dynasty. If you attack first, you can gain the initiative and subdue your opponent. If you attack later, you will be restricted by others." " Yin Tong sighed and said: "I heard that your ancestors belonged to a family of the Chu state. After the general, we will rely on you to launch an anti-Qin event." People don't know where he lives, but only Xiang Yu knows." Then Xiang Liang went out and told Xiang Yu to wait outside with his sword.After the arrangements were made, Xiang Liang came in and said to Yin Tong, "I hope you will summon Xiang Yu and let him accept the mission to summon Huan Chu." After Yin Tong agreed, Xiang Yu walked in, and Xiang Liang winked at him and said: "Action!" So Xiang Yu drew his sword and chopped off Yin Tong's head.Yin Tong's followers panicked and rioted.Xiang Yu killed another hundred people in one breath, frightening the entire yamen to the ground, afraid to stand up.After controlling the situation, Xiang Liang summoned the officials he was familiar with, mobilized troops, appointed generals, and started the struggle against Qin.

As soon as the game started, we pre-empted and won the initiative. Foresight to see things in advance. "Book of the Later Han Dynasty Yang Biao Biography": "The later son was killed by Cao Cao. Seeing Biao, Cao Cao asked: 'Why is the father so thin?' Confronted: 'I am ashamed of the foresight of the day, and I still cherish the love of an old cow.'" Jin Ri (midi) was a famous minister of Emperor Wu of the Western Han Dynasty.He was originally a descendant of the Huns, but later surrendered to the Han Dynasty, so he was conscientious and cautious in doing things, and was deeply trusted by Emperor Wu.Kim Il-won had two sons who were very lovable, and Emperor Wu of the Han also liked them very much, taking them as his own pistachios.After the two children grew up, they still often went to and from the palace to play and entertain Emperor Wu.Later, the eldest son and the court lady behaved indiscriminately in the palace, and Jin Ri happened to bump into him. Jin Ri hated him very much and killed him.

Yang Xiu was born in the late Eastern Han Dynasty. He was very studious and talented. He served as the chief secretary of Prime Minister Cao Cao.After Cao Cao conquered Hanzhong, he wanted to march into Bashu and conquer Liu Bei, but also wanted to defend Hanzhong and withdraw his army.It happened that the sergeant came to ask for the password of the army at night, so Cao Cao said, "It's just 'chicken rib'." Others couldn't figure out why this password was used.Only Yang Xiu said: "It's a pity to throw away the chicken ribs. It seems that Cao Gong has made up his mind to withdraw the troops." Yang Xiu has outstanding talents and can often penetrate Cao Cao's mind, so Cao Cao is very worried about him. .At the same time, because Yang Xiu was the nephew of his enemy Yuan Shu, Cao Cao worried that he would become a disaster in the future, so he found an opportunity to kill him later.

Yang Xiu's father, Yang Biao, was also a celebrity in the late Han Dynasty and once held an important position.Later, when Yang Biao saw that the Han Dynasty was exhausted, he pretended that he had a leg problem, and his curls could not be stretched, so he resigned and went home.After Yang Xiu was killed by Cao Cao.Cao Cao once met Yang Biao and asked him, "How did you become so thin?" Yang Biao said, "I feel ashamed that I don't have the foresight of Jin Ri. I miss my son, and I still have the affection of an old cow. "Cao Cao couldn't help but change his expression after hearing this.

This happened in his expectation, he really had the foresight. It means that when negotiating, first adopt a polite way, and if it does not work, use force and other tough methods. Chapter 11: "Liu Bei came to rescue from afar, courtesy first and soldiers later, my lord should answer with kind words and be patient." The novel tells that in order to avenge the murder of his father, Cao Cao marched south to Xuzhou Mu Taoqian.Cao Cao had many generals and was good at strategizing. Tao Qian hurriedly sent someone to ask Liu Bei, Kong Rong and others for help. After Liu Bei led the army to arrive, he first fought a battle with General Cao Cao General Jin at the foot of Xuzhou City, and defeated Yu Jin.Tao Qian saw it from the city and quickly ordered the gates to be opened to welcome Liu Bei into the city.Later, Tao Qian saw Liu Bei's extraordinary appearance and open-minded speech, and he admired him very much. He ordered his subordinates to fetch the seal of Xuzhou City and give up his Xuzhou pastoral position to Liu Bei.Liu Bei repeatedly pushed back and refused to accept.Mi Zhu, Tao Qian's subordinate, then said: "Now that the army is overwhelming, let's discuss how to retreat the enemy first. Wait until the Cao army is defeated, and then talk about letting the virtuous." Liu Bei said: "I have written a letter to Cao Cao, urging you two If Cao Cao does not accept my suggestion, he will fight with him again."

Cao Cao received Liu Bei's letter, which read: "Now the world is in turmoil. Please put the country first, and then report your personal revenge. I hope you will retreat the soldiers and horses that besieged Xuzhou now to save the country from danger." Cao Cao looked Wan was furious and said: "Who is Liu Bei, who dares to write such a letter to persuade me." He was going to kill the messenger and attack the city with all his strength.At this time, Guo Jia, a counselor under Cao Cao, persuaded: "Liu Bei came to rescue Tao Qian from afar. He treated us with politeness first. If politeness doesn't work, then use force. I think you should use sweet words first." Respond to the letter with his words, relax his vigilance, and then attack the city and take Xuzhou." Cao Cao followed Guo Jia's advice.At this moment, Cao Cao received the news that Lu Bu had broken through Cao Cao's rear Yanzhou.Cao Cao had no choice but to abandon Xuzhou and withdraw his troops to rescue Yanzhou.

Literary first, martial arts later Don't be beautiful, I think she treats you with courtesy first, then don't blame me for not saving you. One statement or impression that one accepts first is considered to be correct, and with a prejudice, it is difficult to accept other opinions later. "Hanshu Xifugong Biography": "Your Majesty only observes the ancient precepts and refers to them repeatedly, and does not focus on preconceived words." Xi Fugong was a native of Emperor Ai of the Western Han Dynasty. He started his career as a doctor of Guanglu by exposing King Dongping's rebellion.After Xi Fugong approached the emperor, he degraded the officials of the court.At that time, the prime minister Wang Jia suspected that the case of King Dongping was not true, and opposed the appointment of Xi Fugong and others, but unexpectedly offended the emperor.From then on, the entire court was very afraid of Xi Fugong, worried that he would speak ill of him, and did not dare to look at him when they met him on the road.

This year, Shanyu, king of the Huns, did not come to pay homage to Emperor Ai of Han due to illness.Xi Fugong believed that this was an excuse of the Huns, and they must have another conspiracy, so he wrote to the emperor, suggesting to fabricate events out of nothing to provoke the relationship between the Huns and other ethnic minorities.Emperor Ai of the Han Dynasty asked the ministers for their opinions. The left general Gongsun Lu said: "The Han Dynasty has always used kindness and faith to make minorities surrender. Xi Fugong tried to use dishonesty and deception. His suggestion should not be approved. "After listening to the debate between Xi Fugong and Gongsun Lu, Emperor Ai no longer asked for opinions from the officials, but only discussed with Xi Fugong alone.Xi Fugong took the opportunity to use the celestial phenomena to persuade Emperor Ai, saying: "These recent abnormal celestial phenomena are signs of military disasters. I hope to send people to strengthen inspections and kill a county prefect to establish prestige and shock the surrounding tribes. Suppress the occurrence of abnormal events." The emperor thought what he said was reasonable, so he went to ask the prime minister Wang Jia.Wang Jia said: "Moving the people must rely on practical actions rather than empty words, and to obey the will of God must be real rather than flashy. You can't cheat people with low status, let alone the holy God? Those who flatter and cunning , often attached to astronomical and calendar phenomena, random guesses, fabricated lies, in an attempt to seek their own benefits when the country is at war, their words are actually unbelievable. Flattery will damage the character of the king, insidious and cunning will make the people resent, and eloquence and cunning will destroy the righteous way Seriousness and harshness will hurt the king's kindness. In the past, Qin Mugong did not listen to Jian Shu's persuasion, so he suffered a disastrous defeat, so he repented and blamed himself, missed the old man's advice, and finally his name will be passed down to future generations. I hope that your majesty will learn from the gains and losses of the ancients and consider it carefully , Think twice, don't just listen to the opinions that are given to you first, but ignore the opinions of others."

Emperor Ai of the Han Dynasty did not accept Wang Jia's suggestion, and issued an imperial edict according to Xi Fugong's opinion.Later, the country changed, and Xi Fugong and others were dismissed from office and sent home. It originally refers to the execution of criminals by law enforcement officials, and then to report to the higher authorities.Now it is often used as a metaphor to take action first and then report. "Han Shu Shen Tu Jia Biography": "Jia said the long history said: 'I regret that I didn't kill the mistake first, but I asked it, and it was sold by the mistake.'"

Shen Tujia was born in the early Western Han Dynasty. He first followed Liu Bang to attack Xiang Yu as a crossbowman. Later, because of his military achievements, he was promoted many times and served as the prime minister when Emperor Wenwen of the Han Dynasty. Five years after Shen Tujia served as prime minister, Emperor Han Wen died and Emperor Han Jing ascended the throne.In the second year, Chao Cuo served as the internal historian (official name, whose main responsibility is to govern the capital), and was appreciated by the emperor and was greatly used.Under Chao Cuo's proposal, the emperor changed many decrees, and Chao Cuo also suggested weakening the power of the princes.At this time, Shentujia's words were not accepted, and he hated Chao Cuo very much.

Chao Cuo was in charge of internal history and governed the capital. He often entered and exited the east gate, which was inconvenient, so he opened another gate to enter and exit from the south.However, entering and exiting from the south happens to pass through the open space outside the inner wall and inside the outer wall of the "Tai Shang Huang Temple".After Shen Tujia knew about this, he prepared to ask to kill Chao Cuo.Someone told Chao Cuo, and Chao Cuo was very frightened, so he entered the palace late at night to meet the emperor and confessed his mistake to the emperor.When he went to court the next day, Shen Tujia asked to kill Chao Cuo as planned.The emperor said: "What Chao Cuo chiseled was not the real temple wall, but the outer wall outside the inner wall. In the past, scattered officials could live in this place, not to mention I asked him to do so, so Chao Cuo didn't A sin." After retiring from the court, Shen Tujia said to the chief minister (official name) of the prime minister's mansion: "I regret that I didn't kill Chao Cuo first and then play the performance, but now I was plotted by Chao Cuo instead." Shen Tujia was very angry and returned When I got home, I vomited blood and died. hear first When you encounter a major problem at work, you must report it in time, and you must not act first. The metaphor is kind on the surface but sinister and vicious on the inside. "Old Tang Book·Li Yifu Biography": "Yifu looks gentle and courteous, and always smiles when talking with others, but avoids thieves. He is in power, wants others to attach himself, and those who are slightly disobedient will fall into the trap Therefore, people say that Yifu has a knife in his smile, and because of its softness, it hurts things, so it is also called "Li Mao". Li Yifu was from Raoyang, Yingzhou. He was recommended as an official because he was good at writing articles.After Tang Gaozong ascended the throne, he doted on Wu Zetian and planned to become the queen, but he was afraid of the advice of the prime minister and others, so he was unable to take any action.Li Yifu figured out the emperor's mind, and asked to abolish the current empress and change to Empress Wu, which won the favor of the emperor and Wu Zetian. Relying on the favor of the emperor and Empress Wu, Li Yifu acted boldly.A woman named Chunyu in Luoyang was imprisoned in Dali Temple for a crime. Li Yifu heard that this woman was very beautiful, so he asked Bi Zhengyi, the prime minister of Dali Temple, to exonerate her from the crime and take her as his concubine.Duan Baoxuan, minister of Dali Temple, reported to the imperial court when he knew about it, and the emperor asked to investigate the matter, so Li Yifu forced Bi Zhengyi to hang himself and kill him to silence him.The emperor favored Li Yifu and refused to continue the investigation; the censor Wang Yifang confronted the court and denounced Li Yifu's crimes. Instead, he angered the emperor and was demoted to Laizhou Sihu. Li Yifu's position is high and powerful, and many shameless people flatter and fawn on him, clinging to him.During the incident, Li Chongde also said that he and he belonged to the same family.For a while, Li Yifu was demoted as governor of Puzhou (in fact, it was a protective measure taken by the emperor to ease everyone's opinions on Li Yifu), and Li Chongde quickly removed him from the family tree.After Li Yifu heard about it, he always held a grudge. When he became prime minister himself, people framed and fabricated Li Chongde's criminal evidence. Li Chongde was imprisoned and eventually committed suicide. On the surface, Li Yifu is gentle and respectful, and he always smiles when he talks to people, but in fact, he is sinister and cruel in heart, narrow-minded, and jealous of talents.When Li Yifu was in a high position, he always hoped that others would agree with him.He would wantonly slander and frame anyone who violated his will slightly.So people at the time said that Li Yifu had a knife in his smile; and because he looked gentle but had a sinister heart, people called him "Li Mao". The mind is not here.Describe lack of concentration. "Book of Rites University": "Absent in mind, see without seeing, hear without hearing, eat without knowing the taste." "University" was originally an article in "Book of Rites", and Zhu Xi of the Southern Song Dynasty included it in "Four Books Chapters and Sentences" and thus became one of the "Four Books". "University" believes that a monarch who wants to explain bright and beautiful virtues to the world must first govern his own country well.To govern one's own country well, one should first govern one's own family well.To manage your own family well, you should first cultivate yourself.To self-cultivation, you should first acquire certain knowledge.In order to gain knowledge, we must explore the principles of things.Only by exploring the principles of things can we understand things thoroughly and deeply.When things are thoroughly understood, thoughts can be honest.Only when the mind is honest can the mind be correct.Only when the mind is correct can self-cultivation be achieved.Only when self-cultivation is good can the family be governed.Only when the family is governed well can the country be governed well.Only when the country is well governed can the world be peaceful.Therefore, from the son of heaven to the common people, one must take self-cultivation as the foundation. The key to self-cultivation is to correct your mind.How can I straighten my mind?If you are angry, your mind cannot be corrected; if you have fear, you cannot be corrected; if you have liking, you cannot be corrected; if you have worries, you cannot be corrected.If your mind is not focused on how to improve yourself, you will not see what you see, you will not hear what you hear, and you will not know the taste of food.Therefore, the key to self-cultivation is to straighten one's heart. casual concentrate on The elder brother was concentrating on reading, and he only answered a few words absent-mindedly about the boring questions of the younger brother. Suffer from: sickness, disease.The original meaning refers to a deadly disease in the body.Later, it is used as a metaphor for serious hidden dangers. "Zuo Zhuan Eleven Years of Ai Gong": "The more I am, the more I will suffer from my heart's disease." During the Spring and Autumn Period (484 B.C.), the State of Wu planned to attack the State of Qi. Gou Jian, King of Yue, led his subordinates to the court and presented gifts to the King of Wu and the ministers of the State of Wu.The king and ministers of the state of Wu were very happy, but Wu Zixu was the only one who was afraid. He said: "This is the state of Yue that is supporting the state of Wu!" So he advised the king of Wu, saying: "The state of Yue is the most serious hidden danger for us. Wu Yue The lands of the two countries are connected, and the country of Yue has greed for us. Their current obedience is actually to realize their own desires. It is better to take action against them earlier. Even if we get our wish and conquer Qi, it is only as if we have obtained A rocky field cannot be cultivated. If Yue is not wiped out and turned into our pond, Wu will perish. Ask the doctor to get rid of the disease, but say to leave a little, not to eradicate it. There has never been a thing. "Shangshu·Pangeng" said: "If someone destroys the etiquette and does not obey the order, he will be eradicated, leaving no descendants, and not letting them leave the seeds of rebellion here." This is why the Shang Dynasty The reason for the prosperity. Now your king is doing the opposite. Isn’t it too difficult to use this method to achieve the great cause of hegemony?” The king of Wu did not listen to Wu Zixu’s advice, and the state of Wu was eventually destroyed by Goujian, the king of Yue. . We must realize that the pollution of the environment has become a serious problem for human beings. Heart: heart, mind.Poor: no.Describe the intention can not be guessed, bad intentions. Chapter 57: "Ma Dai, brother of Ma Teng, remonstrated: 'Cao Cao has ulterior motives, if his uncle goes away, he may be harmed.'" In the story, after the death of Zhou Yu, the general of Eastern Wu, Liu Bei worshiped Pang Tong as his deputy army adviser, and together with Zhuge Liang, he planned to attack Cao Cao and restore the Han Dynasty.After Cao Cao heard the news, he discussed with his subordinates how to conquer Sun and Liu in the south.At the same time, Cao Cao was afraid that Ma Teng, who was entrenched in Xiliang, would come and attack his lair during his expedition.The counselor Xun You suggested that it is better to take the opportunity to make Ma Teng the General of Conquering the South, summon him to Beijing in the name of ordering him to attack Sun Quan, and then get rid of him.Cao Cao was overjoyed, adopted this suggestion, and sent someone to Xiliang to announce the appointment and order to Ma Teng. After Ma Teng received the order, he discussed with his eldest son Ma Chao and nephew Ma Dai.Ma Chao advocated going to Beijing, so as not to give up the excuse of not obeying the imperial court's order.Ma Dai said: "Cao Cao is unpredictable and has bad intentions. If you go, uncle, you may be poisoned by him." Ma Teng finally decided to leave Ma Chao to guard Xiliang, and led Ma Dai and other sons to go there. .After Ma Teng and others arrived in the capital, they originally planned to get rid of Cao Cao first.Ma Teng and his son were killed, and Ma Dai fled back to Xiliang because of his indiscretion, leaked news, and anti-Cao Cao's ambush. ulterior motives above board That person comes here every day with ulterior motives, he must have no good intentions. Consonance: It is said that the rhinoceros is a kind of spiritual beast. There are thin white patterns running through the two ends of the horn of the rhinoceros, which can sense supernatural beings.It was originally used as a metaphor for the love between the two parties.Now it is often used as a metaphor for mutual harmony and understanding. Tang Li Shangyin: "There is no colorful phoenix on the body and two flying wings, but there is a clear heart." Li Shangyin, courtesy name Yishan, was a famous poet in the late Tang Dynasty. He and Du Mu were collectively called "Little Li Du", and Wen Tingyun were collectively called "Wen Li".Li Shangyin lived in poverty in his early years, and was appreciated by Linghu Chu for his outstanding literary talent; later, Wang Maoyuan also married his daughter to him because of his love for his talent.Linghu Chu and Wang Maoyuan belonged to different political factions.As a result, he was rejected by the two factions, and spent the rest of his life trying to survive in the cracks of political struggles, depressed and frustrated.His poems are deeply emotional, graceful and graceful, especially some love poems are lingering and touching.However, due to his extensive use of allusions in his poems, quite a few poems are too obscure and difficult to decipher.One of his poems reads: The stars last night, the wind last night, the west bank of the painting building and the east of Guitang. The body has no colorful phoenix and double flying wings, but the heart has a tacit understanding. The next seat is to send hook spring wine to warm up, and the branch shoots the wax lamp to be red. I listened to the drums and responded to the officials, and went to Malantai to turn around. In this poem, Li Shangyin recalls a love affair in his youth.The poet wrote that on that starry, breezy night, we met on the west side of the painting building and the east side of Guitang, and met in a lively banquet.People persuaded to drink across the seats, and played the guessing game of sending hooks and shooting in groups.But the excitement was theirs, and our eyes were rippling, immersed in the emotional exchange.Although we don't have the wings of a phoenix, we cannot fly together, but we have the horns of a rhinoceros, so we can connect with each other.In this silent heart-to-heart exchange, the beautiful night is fleeting, and it is time to ride the horse to Lantai to start a new day of work.So we can only part in the tears, feeling melancholy, sighing that I can't help myself, like a floating grass. To obey or admire sincerely. "Mencius Gongsun Chou 1": "Those who persuade others with strength are not convinced by the heart, and power does not support them; those who persuade others with virtue are sincerely convinced by the heart, just like the seventy sons obeyed Confucius." Mencius believed that by relying on strength and at the same time calling for conquest in the name of benevolence and righteousness, you can dominate the princes, and you must rely on strong national strength to do so.Relying on morality to implement benevolence and righteousness can make the world submit, and it does not need to be based on the strength of the country.Shang Tang, the founder of the Yin Shang Dynasty, only used his land of 70 li to implement benevolent government and subdue people's hearts; the founder of Zhou Dynasty, King Wen of Zhou, also used his land of 100 li to implement benevolent government and win people's hearts.Relying on force to force people to obey, people may not necessarily obey sincerely, because no matter how powerful force is, sometimes it is not enough; relying on morality to make people obey, people will be happy in their hearts and sincerely submit, just like the more than 70 disciples of Confucius sincerely submit Same as Confucius. "The Book of Songs·Daya·Wen Wang You Sheng" extolled the great achievements of King Wen of Zhou: "From east to west, from south to north, where are the people who don't want to submit?" It is about conquering the world with kindness. Convinced We were all convinced to elect Zhou Xin as monitor. Xing: start.Division: Army.This refers to the mobilization of the people for war.It is often used to describe people who mobilize a lot to do something. "Wu Zi·Lishi": "When a husband issues orders, people love to hear about them. When he mobilizes the army, people enjoy fighting. When soldiers meet each other, people enjoy dying. These three are what the master of the people relies on." Wu Zi, namely Wu Qi, was an outstanding military strategist and statesman in the early Warring States Period.Wu Qi likes to use soldiers, and he only wants to achieve great fame.He once studied with Zeng Shen's son Zeng Shen in the state of Lu, and later worshiped Zixia as a teacher in the state of Wei.When Wu Qi was in Lu State, Qi State came to attack Lu State.The king of the state of Lu wanted to use Wu Qi as a general, but Wu Qi's wife was from Qi, and he was worried about him.Wu Qi killed his wife to show his determination, and Lu Jun appointed him as a general.Wu Qi was good at running the army and strategic in battle. He first pretended to be peace talks, and then unexpectedly launched a fierce attack on the Qi army.The Qi army hastily responded to the battle and collapsed at the first touch, while the Lu army won a complete victory. Although he was educated by Confucianism, he had such a disgraceful background. Therefore, although Wu Qi won the battle in Lu State, he could not be reused, so he had to leave, and successively held positions in Wei State and Chu State.During this period, Wu Qi accumulated rich experience in military struggle, and he wrote these experiences into words, which formed the book "Wu Zi". "Wu Zi" originally had forty-eight chapters, but now there are only six. In the chapter "Wu Zi·Lishi", Wei Wuhou, the king of the state of Wei, asked: "Is strict reward and punishment enough to win?" Wu Qi replied: "I can't go into details about strict reward and punishment, although it is Defeating the enemy is an important magic weapon, but it cannot be relied on completely in real war. People are willing to obey orders when they issue orders, people are willing to participate in the war to mobilize the people for the sake of war, and people are willing to sacrifice when they are ready for battle. These three things are the king's victory. determining factors." Work hard It makes sense for everyone to talk about it in a proper manner, why do you want to mobilize the teachers and mobilize the crowd, so that King Wen is uneasy and King Wu is uneasy? About to be: about to be, to be.Just: approach, enter.Wood: coffin.A metaphor for a person approaching death. "Zuo Zhuan Xigong Twenty-Three Years": "The general is suitable for Qi, and Ji Wei said: 'Wait for me for twenty-five years, and marry later if I don't come. If you marry, you will be useless. Please wait for your son.'” In 656 BC, Chong'er, the son of the state of Jin, suffered slander and suspicion from his father, Duke Xian of Jin.Duke Xian of Jin was about to kill him, so he sent an army to Pucheng to attack him. The people of Pucheng wanted to fight, but Chonger refused, saying: "I rely on the favor of the king's father to enjoy my salary, and because of this, I have won the favor of the people." There is no greater crime than rebelling against the monarch with the support of the people, so I'd better run away." Because Chong'er's mother was from an ethnic minority in the north, Chong'er fled to the Di people in the north with a few cronies.The Di people attacked Jiuru (the name of the Chidi tribe in the Spring and Autumn Period, the surname Wei (wei), located in the southwest of Anyang City, Henan Province), captured the two women of this tribe, Shuwei and Jiwei, and gave them to Chong'er.Chong'er married Ji Kui and gave birth to Bo Min and Shu Liu.Married Shu Kai to Zhao Shuai and gave birth to Zhao Dun. Chong'er stayed with the Di people for twelve years. Later (644 BC) when he was going to the state of Qi, he said to Ji Wei, "Wait for me for twenty-five years. If I don't come back, you can remarry." He replied, "I'm already twenty-five years old. If I remarry in another twenty-five years, I'm afraid I'll be in a coffin. You'd better let me wait for you." Eight years later (636 BC), Chong'er returned home with the help of Qin Mugong, the king of Qin, and became the king of the country, that is, Jin Wengong, one of the famous five tyrants in history.So the people of Di sent Ji Wei back to the state of Jin, and the two were reunited. dying years He himself didn't understand why her mood was so old and desolate, as if she was dying. This means that the article has a high purport and sharp words.Now it is often used to describe high spirits and exuberant emotions. Liang Liu Xie of the Southern Dynasties "The Literary Mind and the Carving of Dragons: Body Nature": "Shu Ye is a handsome man, so he is happy and energetic." Ji Kang, courtesy name Shuye, was a poet and musician in the late Wei Dynasty during the Three Kingdoms period, and the leader of the "Seven Sages of the Bamboo Forest". He had extraordinary talents in music performance, music theory and literature.His works are the famous Guqin songs that have been handed down to this day; his poems and prose are novel in writing and elegant in style, and are praised by people.Ji Kang was an upright man and did not want to join forces with others, so he committed a crime and was finally killed by Sima Zhao. He was only forty years old when he died. Liu Xie's is my country's first literary theoretical work that is "big in size and thoughtful in mind", and it is the first time to comprehensively and systematically discuss important issues related to literature and writing.Among them, "Body Nature" mainly talks about the relationship between style and personality.Liu Xie believes that the destination of various works can be summed up in eight styles, namely, elegant, hidden, concise, obvious, profuse, magnificent, novel, and frivolous.As for the change of the eight styles, it depends on academic ability and talent.And each person's academic ability is caused by their own temperament.Jia Yi is talented and handsome, so his diction is clean and fresh; Sima Xiangru is wild, so his literary rhetoric is exaggerated; Excellence; Ji Kang is a hero, so his works are superb in purpose and sharp in speech.Liu Xie cited examples of these writers and works to illustrate that the diction of the works is closely related to the temperament and temperament of the author. joyfully sullen The children are having fun in the amusement park. Before painting bamboo, I already have a complete image of bamboo in my heart.Later, it is used as a metaphor to have a mature method or idea before doing something. Song Su Shi's "Wen Yu Ke Hua Gu Yan Zhu Ji": "To draw bamboo, you must first have a mature bamboo in your chest. When you hold a pen and look at it carefully, you will see what you want to draw. Get up and follow it. What he sees is like a rabbit rising and falling, and if he is too young, he will pass away." During the reign of Emperor Renzong of the Northern Song Dynasty, there was a famous painter Wen Youke in Zitong County, Sichuan. He was a good friend of Su Shi. He was good at painting flowers, birds, insects and fish, especially bamboo.Yundang (yundang) is a kind of bamboo with thin skin, long nodes and high stem.Yundang Valley (the name of the valley, in today's Yang County, Shaanxi Province) is called because of the abundant bamboo in the valley. Wen Yuke died in Chenzhou on the 20th day of the first lunar month in the second year of Emperor Shenzong of Song Dynasty.On July 7th, Su Shi was drying his calligraphy and paintings in Huzhou. When he saw the picture of "Yanbamboo in Yundang Valley" presented to him by Wen Yuke, recalling the friendship in the past, he immediately put down the picture scroll and cried bitterly, and then wrote "Wen Yuke "Painting the Story of Yanzhu in Yundang Valley". The article said that when bamboo first grows, it is only an inch-high shoot, but the nodes and leaves are all there.Nowadays, people who paint bamboo paint it joint by joint, and accumulate it leaf by leaf. How can there be a complete and living bamboo in this way?Therefore, to draw bamboo, one must first have a complete image of bamboo in mind, pick up the brush and look carefully, as if you have already seen the bamboo you want to draw, and then quickly follow the feeling to paint, so as to catch up with the bamboo you see in your mind.Its speed is as fast as a rabbit jumping up and running, or a hawk swooping down to fight, because what the mind sees disappears as soon as it is relaxed. know what to do indecisive Being courageous and daring to take risks does not mean that you can do whatever you want and act recklessly. You must also be skillful in planning, good at forecasting, and be confident and foresight, that is, have both courage and insight, wisdom and courage. Search and extract fragments of words and sentences.Refers to reading or writing only paying attention to words and sentences, not grasping the gist of the full text.It also refers to applying the rules and words of the predecessors when writing. Southern Song Dynasty Pei Songzhi's annotation "Three Kingdoms · Wu Zhi · Wu Zhu Biography" quoted "Wu Shu": "(Sun Quan) has a long history, although he has spare time, he reads the history of books and biography, borrows strange things, and does not work as a scholar to find chapters and extract sentences That's all." In 221 AD, Liu Bei proclaimed himself emperor in Chengdu, and then led the Shu army to attack Soochow, which was fierce and unstoppable.Sun Quan, the Lord of Wu, sent Lu Xun as the governor, and led generals Zhu Ran and Pan Zhang to resist. At the same time, he sent the captain Zhao Zi to Cao Wei to inquire about the situation and seek support.Zhao Zi was well-informed and quick to argue. When he arrived in Cao Wei, Cao Pi also liked him, so he joked with him: "Maybe the King of Wu also knows a little bit of knowledge?" There are tens of thousands of ships, and there are a million warriors wearing armor. He is dedicated to learning and aspires to learn how to save the world, so whenever he has free time, he reads a lot of books and learns unique methods, unlike those who read dead books Scholars in China only search for and extract fragments of words and sentences, pay attention to the derivation of words, and ignore the big content and thoughts.” Zhao Zi’s envoy this time was neither overbearing nor humble, reasonable and restrained, and was respected by people from all walks of life in Cao Wei . Under the mediation of Zhao Zi, Cao Wei temporarily expressed a friendly gesture to Sun Wu.Sun Wu relieved the worries on the northern border and went all out to deal with Liu Bei's army coming from the west.Because Liu Bei was eager to fight and didn't know the art of war, Lu Xun found an opportunity to burn the company camp, and the Shu army was finally defeated and returned. When writing poems and compositions, one must have real feelings, and it is useless to just search for chapters and excerpts.