Chapter 16 Q

Merchants hoarded rare items and waited to sell them at high prices.It is also used as a metaphor for relying on a certain unique skill, achievement, etc. to gain fame and fortune. "Historical Records: Biography of Lu Buwei": "Lv Buwei came to Handan, saw him and felt sorry for him, and said: 'This strange product can be lived in.'" At the end of the Warring States period, in order to rely on and contain each other, the various vassal states sent each other's children to each other as hostages.Zi Chu had a relatively low status among the sons of King Qin, and was sent to Zhao as a hostage.Zi Chu lived in poverty in the country of Zhao, and he did not have enough money for carriages and horses, so he was very unhappy.Lu Buwei went to Handan to do business, and when he saw Zi Chu, he felt sorry for him and said, "Zi Chu is a rare commodity, so you can hoard it first." Lu Buwei planned to help Zi Chu gain political status first, and then reap benefits from it himself.

Lu Buwei and Zi Chu knew that Mrs. Huayang was the most beloved concubine of King Xiaowen of the Qin Kingdom at that time, but Mrs. Huayang had no sons. If she could win her favor, she could be made a prince.So Lu Buwei spent a lot of money to buy his wife's younger brother and sister to help Zichu speak well, and finally made Mrs. Huayang recognize Zichu as her son.After the death of King Qin Xiaowen, Zi Chu came to the throne as he wished. He is the historical King Qin Zhuangxiang, the father of Qin Shihuang Yingzheng.Because of his hard work and great achievements, Lu Buwei was named Prime Minister by King Zhuang Xiang.

Qi: A small vassal state in the Zhou Dynasty.Metaphor unnecessary worry. "Liezi Tianrui": "There are people in the state of Qi who are worried about the collapse of the world, who are sent by death, and those who waste sleep and food." In the state of Qi (the ancient state with the surname of Si, it was first in Yongqiu, today’s Qixian County in Henan Province, and later in Chunyu, today’s northeast of Anqiu in Shandong Province, and was destroyed by Chu in the early Warring States period). With nowhere to hide, I couldn't sleep or eat. A person who cared about him went to enlighten him and said: "The sky is the gathering of qi, there is no place without qi. Just like bending down and stretching out your hands, exhaling and inhaling, working and resting in the sky all day long, why do you need to worry about the sky?" What about the collapse of the earth?" The man who worried about the sky said again: "Even if the sky is really a gathering of qi, wouldn't the sun, moon and stars fall down?" The person who enlightened said: "The sun, moon and stars are also gathered. Air, it’s just that there is light in this air, even if it falls, it will not hurt anything.” The person who worried about the sky said: “What if the earth is cracked?” The person who enlightened said: “The earth is formed by the accumulation of soil. Yes, soil fills the square space, and there is no place without soil. It’s like you walk and trample and live on the ground all day, why should you worry about it cracking?” Those who worried about the sky were very happy and enlightened His people were also very happy to see him like this.

Consider: to consider, to consider.Get: Harvest.Refers to the careful consideration of a stupid person will also have merit.Later, it is often used as a self-deprecating word when expressing opinions. "Yanzi Chunqiu Miscellaneous Eighteen": "A sage has a lot of worries, and he will lose something; a fool has a lot of worries, and he will gain something." Yan Zi, that is, Yan Ying, is the famous minister of Qi State after Guan Zhong. He has served as Linggong, Zhuanggong and Jinggong III. He is an outstanding statesman and diplomat in ancient my country. One day, while he was eating, an envoy sent by Duke Jing of Qi came.So Yanzi invited him to eat together, and shared his own food. As a result, the envoy was not full, and neither was Yanzi.After the envoy returned, he told Duke Jing about it.Jinggong said: "Ah! Yanzi's family is so poor that I didn't know it. This is my fault." So he sent someone to give Yanzi a daughter and the tax from the market, hoping that he would use the money to support his guests.Yan Zi refused to accept it.Jinggong sent someone to send it again, but he refused again. He went back and forth three times in this way, and finally thanked him and said: "My family is not poor. Your reward, the king, has already covered my parents and wife's family, and also extended to my friends. If If you use this money to help the people, your gift will be even greater. My family is not poor. I heard that if you take a lot of money from the king and then use the money for the people, you are a subject who governs the people instead of the king. Is it right for a loyal minister? This is done. Take a large amount from the king, but do not use it for the people. It is like using a basket or box to pack it. It is something that a virtuous person does not do. Take it from the king when you go forward, and offend the sages when you go back. The property belongs to others, this is the so-called only know how to collect. Coarse clothing and food, as long as you are satisfied with your heart." Jing Gong said: "In the past, our former master Qi Huangong granted land and population with a radius of 500 li. Guan Zhong, Guan Zhong accepted without refusing, why did you decline?" Yanzi said: "I heard that a wise person will inevitably make mistakes if he thinks too much; I think this is probably Guan Zhong's mistake, but mine, right? So I refuse to accept your reward."

Never mind To evaluate a work, one has to read and reread novels with hundreds of thousands of characters, and be familiar with them by heart. Guizhou: place name, Guizhou area.Technology: skill.Poor: Exhausted, gone.Even the little bit of metaphor is exhausted. Tang Dynasty Liu Zongyuan's "Donkeys in Guizhou": "There are no donkeys in Guizhou, and those who have good things can carry them in by boat, but they will be useless when they arrive, and they will be put down the mountain. Tigers see it, and they are huge. They think it is a god. Peep it in the forest, and come out a little closer. I don’t know each other. In the future, when the donkey crows, the tiger is terrified, fleeing far away, thinking that it will devour itself, and is very afraid. However, looking at it from time to time, I feel that there is no one with extraordinary abilities. I learned its sound, and approached the front and back, In the end, I dare not fight. A little closer, benefiting from sex, swaying and rushing. The donkey is furious, and hooves. The tiger is happy, and the plan says: "The skill stops with this ear!" Its throat, with all its flesh, is gone."

There used to be no donkeys in Guizhou, so a meddlesome man brought one by boat, but it was of no use when it arrived, so he put it at the foot of the mountain.When the tiger saw it, he thought it was a giant, and thought it was a god.So he quietly hid in the woods to peep at it, and gradually came out to approach it, being cautious, not knowing what it was. One day, the donkey brayed for a long time. The tiger was taken aback and ran away, thinking that the donkey was going to eat him, and was very frightened.But the tiger watched it coming and going, and felt that the donkey had no special skills.Gradually, the tiger got used to its braying, and walked back and forth close to it, but the tiger still dared not fight the donkey.The tiger gradually approached the donkey again, with a more undignified attitude, touching it, rubbing it, hitting it, and offending it.The donkey couldn't help being furious, so it kicked the tiger with its hoof.The tiger was very happy and thought: "The donkey's ability is nothing more than this!" The tiger roared loudly and jumped over, bit the donkey's throat, and left after eating its meat.

Guizhou donkey's skill Brother Jin is at the end of his rope, but he still doesn't give up. Crossbow: A bow used for mechanical archery in ancient times.The arrows fired from the strong crossbow, at the end, cannot penetrate even the thin silk.A metaphor for decline. "Han Shu Han Anguo Biography": "And I have heard that, when the wind is weak, it cannot fluff; at the end of the crossbow, the strength cannot enter Lu Jin (gao, fine white raw silk)." During the reign of Emperor Jing of the Western Han Dynasty, Han Anguo was an official to the royal doctor.Once, Nie Yi, a gentry in Mayi County bordering the Xiongnu, suggested to the emperor to use property to lure the Xiongnu, and then set up an ambush to attack them, so as to wipe them out in one fell swoop.The emperor asked the ministers to discuss this matter. Wang Hui believed that the plan was feasible and advocated its implementation; Han Anguo disagreed, and the two started a dispute about it.Han Anguo believed that the Huns were thousands of miles away and often migrated like a flock of birds, so it was difficult to subdue them in one fell swoop.Han Anguo said: "I heard that the wind blows so violently that it can't even blow the feathers; the arrows fired by the powerful bows and crossbows eventually weaken, and even the thinnest silk produced in Lu State can't be blown away. It cannot penetrate. If the Han army rushes for thousands of miles, it will be like the end of the gale or the end of the crossbow, and there will be no effect." However, Emperor Han Jing finally adopted Wang Hui's suggestion and sent more than 300,000 troops to lure the Huns.When the Huns were about to enter the ambush circle, they discovered the ambush of the Han army and immediately retreated. The Han army returned without success.The emperor was very angry, thinking that Wang Hui suggested launching the Mayi campaign, but the campaign failed; when the Xiongnu retreated, he could have attacked the Huns' logistics force, but he flinched and did not attack.Ting Wei sentenced Wang Hui to death, but Wang Hui couldn't find someone to intercede, so he committed suicide.

At the beginning of the war of aggression, little Japan was like a wolf and a tiger, but before it reached Tongguan, it was already at the end of its battle. Clever words: words that sound nice on the surface but are actually false.Lingse: Hypocritical, flattering complexion.Refers to the use of rhetoric and flattery to confuse and please others. "Shangshu Gao Taomo": "Being able to philosophize and benefit, why worry about pockets? Why move to have seedlings? Why are you afraid of clever words to make people look like Kongren?" According to legend, Gao Tao was a minister of Shun, in charge of criminal law and prison litigation, and was supported by the people because of fair law enforcement.Once, Shun summoned Gao Tao, Dayu, Boyi and others to discuss major issues related to tribal alliances, and Gao Tao stated his own views, which is "Gao Tao Mo".It is the earliest and most complete record of proceedings in ancient my country.

Gao Tao said: "Follow Yao's virtue faithfully, the ruler will make wise decisions, and the ministers will assist with one heart." Dayu said: "This is the truth, but how to do it?" Gao Tao said: "Strictly demand For yourself, insist on improving your own moral cultivation. Treat your people generously, and they will support you. At the same time, you also need to know people well and appease the people." Dayu said: "You are right, but these probably even Yao Shun also found it difficult to do so. Because it is wise to know people and appoint officials properly; it is benevolent to appease the people, and the people will miss them. If the people are wise and kind, why worry about causing chaos? What about the exiled San Miao people? Why do you have to be afraid of people with eloquent tongues, flattering faces, and treacherous people at heart?"

rhetoric He's such a sweet little guy. Misleading: abuse.Describe the indiscriminate use of force and wantonly launching wars. "Three Kingdoms·Wu Zhi·Lu Kang Biography": "Then follow the luck of the sky and sweep through Yunei, and listen to the generals' fame, resort to military affairs, and spend a lot of money. The soldiers are exhausted, the bandits are not weak, and I am already seriously ill." At the end of the Three Kingdoms period, Sun Hao, the king of the state of Wu, was tyrannical and lawless. The army went to war frequently, and the people were exhausted.General Lu Kang Shangshu said: "I heard that "Book of Changes" advocates adapting to the current situation, "Zuo Zhuan" praises seizing the opportunity, so Xia Jie committed many crimes, Shang Tang sent troops to conquer, Shang Zhou was desolate and tyrannical, and King Wu of Zhou launched an army to attack. If there is no such opportunity, Shang Tang would rather be imprisoned, and King Wu of Zhou would rather withdraw his conquest army from Mengjin. Today, instead of making efforts to enrich the country and strengthen the army, work hard to cultivate and save food, let civil and military talents show their talents in return, use morality to teach officials, and use Benevolence and righteousness appease the people, and then follow the fate of fate to sweep the world. Instead, let the generals sacrifice their lives in the name of endless wars, which cost tens of thousands of resources, and the soldiers are sick and wounded. But we are already very tired. Now we really should temporarily stop the small plans of attacking the city and occupying the land, to build up the strength of the army and the people, and find an opportunity to make further plans, so that we have no regrets."

Cao Cao has deep military attainments, but he is not a militant. Never infringe on the interests of others.Mostly refers to the strict discipline of the army and does not violate any interests of the people. "Book of the Later Han Dynasty Cen Peng Biography": "Peng Shou broke Jingmen, drove Wuyang for a long time, held the army in order, and did not commit any crimes in autumn." Cen Peng, a famous general under Liu Xiu, Emperor Guangwu of the Eastern Han Dynasty.He once pacified Hebei, conquered Luoyang, unified Guanzhong, and made great military exploits. Beginning in the spring of the eleventh year of Jianwu Emperor Guangwu (AD 35), Cen Peng led an army to conquer Gongsun Shu, the warlord who ruled Shu.During the war, Cen Peng judged the situation, or repeatedly dispatched surprise soldiers, or rushed to attack with light cavalry, and defeated the Shu army.Once, Cen Peng led his army to travel more than a thousand miles day and night, conquered Wuyang (now Pengshan Mountain, Sichuan) in one fell swoop, and sent elite cavalry to attack Guangdu (now Shuangliu, Sichuan), until it was tens of miles away from Chengdu.Frightened by Cen Peng's swift attack, Gongsun Shu poked the ground with his cane and said, "Who is he?" Later, Gongsun Shu secretly sent an assassin to assassinate Cen Peng by night, falsely claiming to surrender. Cen Peng's army is strict and disciplined, and the army does not violate any interests of the people.When Cenpeng captured Wuyang, King Rengui of Qionggu heard of Cenpeng's prestige and immediately sent envoys thousands of miles away to surrender.When the envoy arrived, Cenpeng was dead, and Emperor Guangwu rewarded all the property paid by Ren Gui to Cenpeng's wife and children.The people of Shu loved and missed him, so they built a temple for him in Wuyang and worshiped him on time. After the People's Liberation Army entered the city, they lived and slept in the open air, orderly, fair business, and no crimes committed in autumn. Seek: to pursue or seek.This refers to failing to do what one wants.Now it is mostly used to fulfill wishes unexpectedly. "The Book of Songs · Zhou Nan · Guan Ju": "If you can't ask for it, you can't sleep and think about it." "Zhou Nan·Guanju" is the first poem, it is a poem about a young man's passionate love for a woman who gathers watermelon.The collection of poems describes the pain of young men who cannot pursue young women.The poem reads: Jujiu and birds sing to each other, resting on the sandbanks of the great river; A dignified and beautiful girl, she is really my good match. Long and short water lilies are collected along the water flow from left to right; A pure and beautiful girl who wakes up and wants to fall in love in her dreams. It's hard to pursue a girl, and I miss it in my dreams when I wake up; The lovesickness is infinitely long, and it is difficult to fall asleep after tossing and turning. Long and short water lilies are fresh, pick the left and pick the right; A dignified and beautiful girl, playing the piano and playing the zither are close friends. Long and short water lilies are fresh, pick the left and pick the right; Dignified and beautiful girl, ringing bells and drums to make her happy. longing for The superior sent me to study abroad, which is exactly what I wish for. It means that the melody is elegant, and few people can sing along.It is a rare metaphor for bosom friends.The latter is also a metaphor that the speech or work is not popular, and few people can understand it. Song Yu's "Ask the King of Chu" in the Warring States Period: "A guest who has a song in the middle of Ying,... is his song that makes him taller, and his harmony makes him widowed." During the Warring States Period, King Chu Xiang, the king of the Chu Kingdom, heard slanderous rumors about Song Yu.Once, he asked Song Yu: "There must be something wrong with what you did, otherwise why do people not praise you so much?" Song Yu replied: "Ah! There may be such a situation. But I hope the king will Forgive my mistakes first, and let me finish my sentence." Song Yu went on to say: "There was a man who sang in Yingcheng, the capital of Chu State. At first he sang "The People of Xialiba", and then thousands of people joined him in the city, and then he sang "Caiwei in Yangling". Hundreds of people followed him in the city, and then he sang "Yangchun Baixue", only a few dozen people followed him in the city, and finally, this person sang the high and thin tune of Shang Yu, mixed with With the tone change of Zhengyin, there are only a few people in the city who can follow along. Therefore, the higher the pitch of the tune, the fewer people can follow along. Therefore, there are phoenixes in birds and phoenixes in fishes. There are big whales and phoenixes that can fly up to nine thousand miles, pass through layers of white clouds, carry the vast blue sky on their backs, and soar freely in the vast and far-reaching sky. How can the small (yan) sparrows in the fields determine the height of the sky and the earth? Whale morning Depart from Kunlun Mountains, dry fish fins at Jieshi on the East Sea at noon, and rest in Mengzhuzhize in Henan at night. How can the small fish in the pond measure the size of the river and sea? In fact, it is not just that there are phoenixes in the birds, There are big whales in the fish, and the same is true among scholars. People with high morals have outstanding thoughts and extraordinary behaviors, but they are detached from the world but not in tune. How can the humble people in the world understand what I do?" Yangchun Baixue Lower Riba It is easy to lose touch with the masses if you are high-ranking and few. Expedient: Temporarily appropriate.Refers to temporary measures taken to deal with a certain situation. "Book of the Later Han Dynasty Wang Yunzhuan": "Zhuo has been wiped out, and he claims that there will be no more troubles, and in the occasional meeting, every time he lacks warmth, the staff is upright and solemn, and he does not follow expedient measures, so the group does not attach much to him." In the late Eastern Han Dynasty, under the dictatorship of foreign relatives and eunuchs in turn, the Han Dynasty was dying.In order to deal with the eunuchs, Dong Zhuo was conscripted into Beijing, and he took the opportunity to control the court power while killing the eunuchs.Later, Dong Zhuo's perverse behavior aroused opposition from the ruling and opposition parties.Wang Yun was Situ at the time, and he secretly married Lv Bu, creating conflicts between Lv Bu and Dong Zhuo.In the third year of Chuping (192 A.D.) of Emperor Xian of the Han Dynasty, he finally took advantage of the opportunity of the emperor's assembly of officials to use Lu Bu to kill Dong Zhuo. Wang Yun used to be upright and upright. He used to worry about Dong Zhuo who was like a jackal, so he restrained himself a bit.After Dong Zhuo's death, Wang Yun thought that there would be no more disasters and dangers, so he relaxed and regained his previous character.Every time he gathers, he lacks gentleness, upholds justice, is meticulous, and does not take temporary flexible measures for specific situations. Therefore, ministers and subordinates do not support him very much, and their relationship with him is gradually alienated.At this time, Dong Zhuo's former subordinates Li Jue and Guo Si took the opportunity to counterattack and led their troops back to Chang'an, Wang Yun was wiped out. Centennial plan "One country, two systems" is not an expedient measure or a transitional measure, but a long-term national policy guaranteed by the country's constitution and laws. False: cross.This refers to the intersection of land boundaries, which are uneven like dog teeth.Later, it is also used as a metaphor for the uneven shape of an object like a canine tooth; or as a metaphor for the intermingling of various factors to form a complex confrontational situation. "Historical Records Xiaowen Ji": "Emperor Gao named the prince's younger brother, and the dog's teeth were ruled by the earth. This is the so-called Panshi clan." After the death of Han Gaozu and Empress Lu, members of the Lu family attempted to launch a rebellion and seize the world of the Liu family. The ministers killed them together, and then discussed and summoned Liu Heng to support him as emperor.Liu Heng was also Gaozu's son, ranked in the middle, enfeoffed in the land of Dai, and was the king of Dai at that time.He asked the ministers around him about this matter, and the minister Zhang Wu said: "Now the ministers in the court are all generals when Gaozu was alive. They are familiar with military affairs and have many tricks. Fear of the authority of Gao Zu and Empress Lu. Now that they have just died, they have killed the Empress Lu’s family. Just now the capital was blood-stained, and they said they would welcome you in name, the actual intention may not be credible. I hope you will pretend to be sick and wait and see It's changed." Another minister, Song Chang, disagreed with this view. He said: "The opinions of all the ministers just now are wrong. Those ministers have no intention and power to win the world. The world still belongs to the Liu family. First, the heroes at the end of Qin Dynasty At the same time, the Liu family was able to stand out among them and win the world, and had already conquered heroes from all walks of life ideologically, so that they eliminated their plans to become emperors. Intersecting and restricting each other, this is the so-called rock-like clan. People in the world have since believed in the strength of the Liu family. Third, after the rise of the Han Dynasty, the tyranny of the Qin Dynasty was abolished, the laws were simplified, and the favor and virtue were promoted. , so that the world will be safe, and the hearts of the people will not be shaken. Even if the Taiwei and other ministers killed the Lu family, they relied on the slogan of loyalty to the Liu family. Now the king is a virtuous and holy man, and his reputation is spread all over the world, so the court ministers will welcome him He is the emperor." So Liu Heng sent people to meet the court ministers, and after learning their true intentions, he accepted the invitation to become the emperor, that is, the Hanwen Emperor in history. crisscross The two provinces are adjacent to each other, and the boundary line in this area is staggered.