Chapter 7 f

To: become.The guest in turn becomes the host.It is often used as a metaphor for changing from passive to active or from secondary to primary. Chapter 71: "Yuan is light-headed and impetuous, relying on courage and little strategy, he can motivate and persuade the soldiers, pull out the stronghold to advance, step by step, lure Yuan to fight and capture him, this is the method of turning against the enemy." During the Three Kingdoms period, Huang Zhong, the general of the Shu Kingdom, and Xia Houyuan faced each other in Dingjun Mountain.Huang Zhong's subordinate Chen Shi was captured alive by Xia Houyuan and returned to Cao Ying.Huang Zhong hurriedly discussed with Fa Zheng, the military advisor. Fa Zheng said: "Xia Houyuan is frivolous and impatient, and he is brave and foolish in his actions. We can motivate our soldiers, set up a camp every step forward, lure Xia Houyuan to fight, and then capture him This is the so-called strategy of 'guests become hosts'." Huang Zhong adopted Fazheng's suggestion and first rewarded all his belongings to the soldiers to boost their morale. The soldiers were very happy and willing to fight to the death.Then set up a camp every step forward, stay in each camp for a few days, consolidate the position and move forward.After Xiahou Yuan heard about it, he planned to fight. Zhang He, his subordinate, realized that this was a strategy of "anti-customer first", and advised him not to fight, otherwise he would lose.Xia Houyuan refused to listen, and ordered Xia Houshang to lead thousands of soldiers to fight, and rushed to Huang Zhong's camp.Huang Zhong fought Xia Houshang with a sword, and captured Xiahoushang alive in just one round. Cao Jun was defeated and returned.This victory forced Xia Houyuan to take the initiative to exchange prisoners of war, and also changed the Shu army from passive to active.

Overwhelm the guest He was originally just a guest, but he became the focus of this banquet. Dimensions: state of mind, mind.Described as upset and out of ideas. "Three Kingdoms Shu Zhi Zhuge Liang Biography": "I have lost my mother now, and the square inch is in chaos. It is useless. Please leave now." Xu Shu and Zhuge Liang are good friends. They are loyal, brave, chivalrous, knowledgeable and knowledgeable. They were important advisers to Liu Bei when he lived in Liu Biao in Jingzhou.After Liu Biao's death, Cao Cao marched south to Jingzhou, and Liu Cong, the youngest son of Liu Biao's successor, immediately surrendered to Cao Cao.Liu Bei didn't get the news in advance, so he was unprepared and caught off guard. He was defeated by Cao Bing and led the people who supported him to flee in embarrassment.At this time, Cao Bing caught Xu Shu's mother among the people.

Xu Shuben and Zhuge Liang fled with Liu Bei. After hearing the news that his mother had been captured, he decided to rescue his mother.So he bid farewell to Liu Bei, pointed to his heart and said, "At first, I planned to use my strategy and loyalty to conquer the world with you, General, and establish an empire. Unexpectedly, now that my old mother is in the enemy's hands, I am in a turmoil, and I am very upset with you, General." My career is useless. Please allow me to leave now." After obtaining Liu Bei's consent, Xu Shu rushed to Cao Ying, visited Cao Cao, and rescued his mother.According to "Three Kingdoms", Xu Shu served in Cao Wei until his death.

Luo Guanzhong reinterpreted this story in the book, saying that after Xu Shu met his mother, his mother saw that he had abandoned Liu and returned to Cao, and she was so angry that he scolded him, and then hanged herself to death.From then on, Xu Shu decided not to formulate any strategy for Cao Cao, so later generations deduced allusions and epilogues such as "I am in Cao Ying and my heart is in Han", "Xu Shu entered Cao Ying——not saying a word". terribly upset Calm and composed The sudden situation disrupted the previous plan, and Tian Tian, ​​who was in high spirits, suddenly became confused and languished.

Stop mistakes or bad things when they first sprout, and prevent them from developing. "Song Shu·Wu Xi Biography": "If you want to prevent the gradual progress, worry about it before it's sprouted." Wu Xi (426-471), a native of Lin'an during the Song Dynasty in the Southern Dynasties.Wu Xi had read a lot of books since he was a child. General Shen Yanzhi asked him to copy the daily notes on the emperor's words and deeds. After Wu Xi finished copying in one breath, he was able to recite them smoothly.Shen Yanzhi once wrote a watch and prepared to play it to the emperor, but before the performance, he lost the manuscript and was very anxious.Wu Xi had seen this memorial once before, so he immediately wrote it silently, without any mistakes or omissions.Because of these things, Shen Yanzhi valued him very much and often recommended him to the emperor.

After Emperor Song and Ming ascended the throne, rebellions occurred in all directions, especially in the east.Wu Xi asked to lead three hundred elite soldiers to march eastward. Emperor Ming was overjoyed and named him General Jianwu.Wu Xi conquered a great victory in the east, and then led his troops to conquer the south, and won another great victory.Wu Xi is proficient in the art of war, has meritorious service in battle, has been rewarded many times, and has held many important positions.After Song Mingdi became seriously ill, he was worried that Wu Xigong would be so famous that he would not be able to help the young master in the future, so he gave him death.

The day before Wu Xi's death, Emperor Song Ming issued an imperial edict to several important officials, listing many of Wu Xi's crimes.The edict said: "Wu Xi was born in a humble and poor family. He ran errands for others since he was a child. Therefore, he is eloquent, deceitful, frivolous and cunning, and has many tricks. Wu Xi relies on the favor of the Lord, pretends to be the prestige of the court, plays tricks, and makes friends with scholars. Inviting people's hearts and forming cliques for personal gain are the scourges of the country. Wu Xi's crimes are as serious as mountains, and even if he has made achievements in the past, they are not enough to offset these crimes. Besides, if you plan to prevent mistakes, you should consider them before they happen. You are important ministers of the country, how to deal with Wu Xi should be discussed with you. I plan to send him an imperial edict tomorrow, severely reprimanding him, and let him kill himself. I don’t know what you want?" It became the result of everyone's discussion, and the reason seems to be more sufficient.

Corruption is extremely corrosive and contagious. If we don't start with small things and prevent the erroneous development, those tiny signs will eventually lead to the catastrophe of national decline. Moths throw themselves into the flames.It is a metaphor for seeking death and self-destruction. "Liang Shu Dao Ji Zhuan": "Because of the irrigation "Lian Zhu" said: 'Grind ink to write, and pen to fly to write letters. Like moths going to the fire, how can you be stingy with burning your body. It must be old. And, it can be faked by Shaoqin.'” Daoji was born in the Liang Dynasty during the Southern and Northern Dynasties. He lost his parents since he was a child, and his family was poor. However, he and his younger brother Daoqia were both smart, agile, talented and learned, and gradually became famous far and wide.After he became an official, he took the lead in frugality and didn't like sensual entertainment. When he went out, he never decorated his chariots and horses with bright ornate clothes. His hat and shoes were changed only once in ten years, and some of his court clothes were patched.The brother Daji was very friendly. When the younger brother Daqia was alive, the two often lived together. After the death of Qia, he vowed to become a monk, abstain from meat and fish, be a vegetarian all his life, and follow the monks to chant sutras in the morning and evening.

Dao Ji has a rigorous and generous personality, and the emperor likes him very much. Dao Ji's grandson, Dao Jin, is also very talented.Once, both of them followed the emperor on a tour of Jingkou. Everyone climbed up to compose poems in Beigulou.After reading it, the emperor showed it to Gao Ji, and said, "You must be a talented person. Now I think that your past articles were written by Dao Jin for you." "Grind your composition and write a letter. It's like a moth rushing to the fire, how can you be stingy to burn your body. Although you are getting old, you can help each other." It shows the emperor's appreciation for the grandparents and grandsons.

Suicide Play it safe Knowingly breaking the law, breaking the law knowingly, and defying the law by oneself, wouldn't it be moths thrown into the flames. After the bird is shot, put away the bow and arrow and don't use it anymore.It is a metaphor that when everything is done, those who contribute are abandoned. "Historical Records: The Family of Goujian, King of Yue": "Fan Li went away and planted a book from the doctor Yi Yi of Qi, saying: 'When the scorpion (flying) birds are exhausted, the good bow is hidden; the cunning rabbit dies, and the lackey cooks it.'"

During the Spring and Autumn Period, the State of Wu fought with the State of Yue, and the State of Yue was defeated at first.King Goujian of Yue obeyed the advice of the minister Wenzhong, tried his best to temper his will and accumulate strength. Three years later, with the help of Fan Li, he defeated the State of Wu in one fell swoop.Fu Chai, king of Wu, failed to seek peace and committed suicide. After the State of Yue fell to the State of Wu, Fan Li retired from his career and took a boat trip to the rivers and lakes. Later, he lived in the State of Qi and devoted himself to becoming rich through business.He wrote to Wenzhong and said: "After all the birds are shot to death, even the best bows will be stored away; after all the rabbits are caught, even the best hunting dogs will be cooked and eaten. King Goujian of Yue has long With a neck like a bird and a beak like a bird, this kind of person can share hardships with him, but not riches and honors with him. Why don't you leave?" Wen Zhong felt that what Fan Li said was reasonable when he received the letter, and claimed that I am sick and no longer go to court to participate in politics.Soon, someone spread a rumor that Wenzhong was about to rebel, and King Yue also felt that Wenzhong's strategy was too far-reaching.When he was defeated by the state of Wu, Wen Zhong offered himself seven strategies for revenge against Wu, and he only used three of them before the state of Wu was destroyed, so his existence was a huge threat to him.So the king of Yue took the opportunity to give Wen Zhong a sword and let him commit suicide. rabbit dead dog cooking Gratitude After the establishment of the Han Dynasty, General Han Xin was gradually deprived of military power, fiefdom, and finally killed.This is really "flying birds are gone, good bows are hidden". Biao: A bit of a horse.Yang Biao: Lifting the bit of the horse means driving the horse forward.Originally meant to part ways.Later, it is often used to describe that due to differences of opinion, each goes his own way and does his own thing. "Wei Shu Tuoba Zhi Zhuan": "Luoyang is rich, so I should part ways. From now on, we can part ways." During the Southern and Northern Dynasties, there was a man named Tuobazhi in the Northern Wei Dynasty, who belonged to the royal family. His father made many military exploits and was respected by the emperor.Tuobazhi was smart and alert since he was a child, with outstanding eloquence. At the same time, he was well-versed in poetry and books, and was very talented in literature. He was appreciated by the emperor and was later appointed as Luoyang order.Soon, the Northern Wei Dynasty moved its capital to Luoyang, and Tuobazhi became Jing Zhaoyin in charge of the affairs of the capital.Luoyang became the capital, and there were more dignitaries in the city.But Tuoba Zhi thought he was very talented, and he looked down on those officials with higher status than himself. Once, when Tuoba Zhi went out, he ran into Li Biao's chariot and horses head-on.According to the regulations at the time, those with low official positions had to give way to those with high positions.Tuobazhi's position is lower than Li Biao's, so he should give way to Li Biao, but he refuses to.The two couldn't stand each other, and they fought in front of the emperor.Li Biao said: "Lieutenant Yushi is thinking about national affairs, and enjoys the canopy car according to the law. Is there any reason for the Luoyang order to compete with me?" Tuoba Zhi did not buy Li Biao's account, saying: "Under the world, Who is not included in the household registration of local officials? Luoyang is the land of Gyeonggi, I am the chief executive here, and you are a resident registered in my household registration, how can I avoid your carriage like other officials?" After hearing this, the emperor felt that they were all reasonable, so he said: "Luoyang is my capital. From now on, you can go your separate ways and go your own way." So the two came out, took out a ruler to measure the road, and divided into two sides. Each went his own way. part ways Like-minded Our respective pursuit goals are very different, so we have to part ways and go our own way. Court: Courtyard.Resistance: Equivalent.In ancient times, when the host and guest met, the host stood on the east side of the courtyard, and the guest stood on the west side, and saluted each other to show equality.It is a metaphor for the same status or power as each other, and to compete with each other. "Zhuangzi Yufu": "The lord of ten thousand chariots, the king of a thousand chariots, it is not unreasonable to see his master without a courteous (resisting) ceremony." One day, Confucius and his students were resting under the apricot tree by the river, while the disciples were reading and Confucius was playing the piano and singing.Before the melody was played halfway, an old fisherman with a beard and white hair came ashore and sat not far away, holding his knees with his left hand and listening to the piano with his chin in his right hand.When the melody was over, the old man beckoned to Zi Gong and Zi Lu, students of Confucius, and asked them about the people who played the qin.Zilu and Zigong introduced the teacher's situation reverently. Unexpectedly, the fisherman thought that Confucius had no official position and held ceremonies and music.Zigong hurried back and told Confucius what the fisherman had said, and Confucius hurried over to ask him for advice.Confucius learned a lot from the old fisherman's conversation and was very courteous to him. After the fisherman left, Zilu asked Confucius: "I have been with you, teacher, for a long time, and I have never seen you treat others with such thoughtful etiquette. No matter the king of a big country or a small country, there is never a time when I did not meet with you with equal etiquette." See, you can't help showing arrogance. Now the fisherman is standing opposite with the oar in his hand, but you bow like a stone chime, and you have to salute again and again after listening to the fisherman's words. I am afraid it is too much." Confucius He warned Zilu: "If you don't respect your elders, you will be disrespectful; if you don't respect a sage, you will be inhumane. When you see a sage, you must try to emulate him, otherwise it will be the greatest disaster. The Dao is the root of all things, so the Dao Wherever it is, the sage respects it. Now that the fisherman has understood the Dao, how can I not respect him?" equals work together At present, there are more and more online publications, which have the potential to compete with traditional books. Wind: After the animal is in heat, the male and female lure each other.Originally, it means that even if a cow or a horse is in heat, they will only seduce each other among their own kind, and they will not seek out a horse for a cow or a horse for a cow.Later, it is used as a metaphor for the irrelevance between things. "Zuo Zhuan Xigong Four Years": "The king lives in the North Sea, and the widow lives in the South China Sea, but the wind and the horse are irrelevant." During the Spring and Autumn Period, in the spring of the fourth year of Duke Xi of Lu (656 BC), the overlord Qi State led the coalition forces of the vassal states to raid Cai State.After Cai's defeat, he attacked Chu with great fanfare.The king of Chu sent an envoy to the coalition army and said: "You are on the coast of the North Sea, and we are on the coast of the South China Sea. Our two families are so far apart. It is as irrelevant as a horse and a cow in heat. What is the reason for this?" Qi State Prime Minister Guan Zhong replied: "Our Qi State has the responsibility to assist the Zhou royal family. Now you do not pay tribute to the royal family on time, so that the royal family lacks relevant supplies. We are here to collect these tributes. King Zhao of Zhou went on a tour to the south and never returned when he came to your state of Chu. We came to inquire about the reason.” The envoy of the state of Chu said, “It is our fault that we did not pay tribute on time. But King Zhao drowned in the Han River, so that If you don't return, you should ask the people by the water." Qi Guo was very dissatisfied with this answer, and the army continued to move forward. The king of Chu then sent Qu Wan to negotiate. Qu Wan was eloquent and knew the way of diplomacy.After a round of negotiations, the allied forces of the princes retreated a certain distance.King Qi then ordered the coalition troops to line up to inspect with Qu Wan, intending to use the army to deter and subdue Chu.Unexpectedly, Qu Wan was not intimidated, and he replied calmly: "If you use benevolence to appease the princes, no one will dare to disobey you. If you use force to force, our Chu State will rely on the danger of mountains and rivers to let you Even if there are many troops, they are useless." Seeing that the threat of force could not intimidate Chu, King Qi agreed to Qu Wan's request and signed an alliance. closely related It turns out that horses and horses are two completely different things, why did you get involved? Cranes: The sound of cranes chirping.Describe extreme panic, suspicion or self-disturbance. "Book of Jin Xie Xuan Biography": "The rest of the people abandoned their armors and fled overnight. When they heard the wind and cranes, they all thought that the master Wang had arrived. They slept in the grass and suffered from hunger and cold. The dead were seventeen or eight." During the Southern and Northern Dynasties, Fu Jian of the former Qin Dynasty led an army of one million and planned to crush the Eastern Jin Dynasty in one fell swoop.However, it suffered a disastrous defeat in the "Battle of Luojian", the prelude to the Battle of Feishui (see the article "All grass and trees are soldiers").The victory at Luojian greatly boosted the morale of the Jin army, so the Jin army marched by land and water, and set up camp on the east bank of Feishui River, facing the Qin army across the water. Because the Qin army pressed against the west bank of the Feishui River, the Jin army could not cross the river.Xie Xuan, the vanguard coach of the Jin Army, sent an envoy to Fu Rong, the vanguard coach of the Qin Army, saying: "You have traveled a long distance but rely on the river to set up your formation. After crossing the river, wouldn't it be better for the soldiers to have a place to maneuver?" The generals of the Qin army all agreed.However, Fu Jian thought that he could follow the strategy and ask the army to retreat a little. When the Jin army had just crossed the river and their foothold was not stable, they would charge and kill with iron cavalry, thus winning.Fu Rong also deeply agreed with this plan, so he agreed to Xie Xuan's request and commanded the Qin army to retreat.However, the Qin soldiers were defeated before, and their morale had long been low. As a result, they lost control as soon as they retreated, and the situation was in chaos.Xie Xuan led 8,000 elite soldiers to cross the Feishui River to attack the Qin army.Someone behind the Qin army also shouted secretly: "The Qin army is defeated! The Qin army is defeated!" Qin Bing believed it was true, so he turned around and ran away.Seeing that the situation was not good, Fu Rong hurriedly rode his horse to inspect the position in order to stabilize his position. Unexpectedly, his horse was knocked down by the rebels and he was killed by the Jin soldiers. The Qin soldiers who had lost their general collapsed completely. Xie Xuan and others took advantage of the victory to pursue them. As a result, the fleeing Qin army trampled on each other, dead bodies were everywhere, and even the Fei water was blocked.The rest threw away their helmets and armor, and fled in such a hurry that when they heard the sound of the wind and the cry of cranes, they thought it was the Jin army who were chasing them.During the melee, Fu Jian himself was wounded by an arrow, and when he fled back to Luoyang, only a few hundred thousand of his million-strong army remained. Jia Zhenfang was well, but Jia Rong and others fell ill one after another.After several months of such trouble, the two governments were afraid.Since then, there has been a lot of turmoil, and all the plants and trees are monsters. Fuyao: a whirlwind, a whirling wind.Describe a sharp rise.It is also often used as a metaphor for success in official career. "Zhuangzi Xiaoyaoyou": "Peng's migration in Nanmingye, the water hits three thousand miles, and the one who swings upwards ninety thousand miles." At the beginning of "Zhuangzi Xiaoyaoyou" it is written: There is a big fish in the northern sea, and its name is Kun.The size of the Kun is almost unknown how many thousands of miles long it is.When the kun turned into a bird, its name was Peng.Peng's back is not known to be thousands of miles long. When it rises up and takes flight, its spread wings are like clouds in the sky.This roc bird migrated to the southern sea with the turbulent waves of the sea.There is a record that the roc migrated to the southern sea, and when its wings beat the water, it stirred up waves for three thousand miles. The rapid winds on the sea circled upwards, and the roc circled around the whirlwind and rushed to a height of ninety thousand miles.It took six months for the roc to rest from the sea in the north. skyrocketing plummeted With a loud noise, the Long March rocket spewed flames and soared into the blue sky. Kettle: An ancient cooking utensil, popular in the Han Dynasty, which is equivalent to a modern pot.Firewood.Remove the firewood from the bottom of the pot.The metaphor solves the problem fundamentally. "Hanshu Meicheng Biography": "If you want soup (cang, cold), one person cooks it, and a hundred people praise it. It is useless. It is better to stop the fire with no salary." Mei Cheng was a famous writer in the Western Han Dynasty. He was born in Huaiyin, Jiangsu Province.Before Liu Bi launched the Seven Kingdoms Rebellion, Mei Cheng wrote a letter to discourage him from raising troops. During the rebellion, he also advised him to stop the army, but the King of Wu refused to listen.Later, King Wu's rebellion was put down, and Mei Cheng became famous. In the memorial to remonstrate Wu Wang Liu Bi's rebellion, Mei Cheng said: "There is a man who is afraid of his own shadow and hates his own footprints, but he walks backwards instead, so that the footprints are more and the shadows are more obvious. He does not Know that if you stay in the shade and stay still, there will be no shadows and footprints. If you want to prevent others from hearing, it is better not to speak; If one person is heating a fire, even if a hundred people scoop up boiling water from the pot and pour it back in to stop the water from boiling and let it cool down, it will be useless. It is better to stop the fire and stop the fire. It is useless to solve the problem fundamentally, but only consider the details.” He also said: “Things such as planting and breeding, although the objects of planting and breeding may not be seen to become taller and larger for a while, it always changes. When you become taller and bigger; accumulate good morality and conduct, although you can’t see its benefits for a while, there are always times when it is useful; When you perish. I hope you think twice, my lord, these are the principles that have not changed for thousands of years." Wu Wang did not accept his opinion, so Mei Cheng left him and went to Liang Guo. stop boiling Stop the boiling soup Only using a single security management method to govern the market is to stop the boiling water; only by using economic means to develop the market and establish an orderly economic order can we achieve the effect of dredging the bottom. Negative: carry.Jing: Vitex can be used as a whip.This refers to Lian Po pleading guilty to Lin Xiangru with a thorn on his back.Later, it is used to express a full admission of one's mistakes and to apologize to others. "Historical Records: Biography of Lian Po and Lin Xiangru": "Lian Po heard about it, and he covered the thorns with his flesh. Because the guests came to Lin Xiangru's door to apologize, he said:'The humble people don't know how lenient the general is!'" During the Warring States Period, Lian Po was a general of Zhao State.Originally, Lin Xiangru's status was very low, but because of his meritorious service in returning to Zhao, he was named Shangqing, and his status was higher than that of Lian Po.Lian Po said: "As a general of Zhao State, I have made great achievements in siege and field battles, but Lin Xiangru's official position is higher than mine only because of his merits of moving his mouth and tongue. Besides, Lin Xiangru himself is a lowly person. I'm really ashamed, I can't bear to be under him." Threatened: "If I see Xiangru, I must humiliate him." Hearing this, Lin Xiangru refused to meet him face to face, and often complained that he was sick and refused to go to court. He intends to compete with Lian Po for ranking. Not long after, Lin Xiangru went out and saw Lian Po from a distance, so he immediately turned around to avoid him.Xiangru's retainers all persuaded him: "The reason why we left our relatives to serve you is because we admire your noble righteousness. Now you are an official in the same dynasty as Lian Po, and Lian Po speaks evil words, but you are afraid Hiding, the fear is too much. Even ordinary people will feel ashamed, let alone you as a general? We have no talent, please allow us to leave." Lin Xiangru resolutely persuaded them to stay, saying: "Look at General Lian and Qin Wangxiang. Which one is better?" The retainers said: "Lian is not as good as King Qin." Xiangru said: "A person as powerful as King Qin, I dare to scold him loudly in his court and humiliate his ministers. I am no longer incompetent, can it be Will you be afraid of General Lian? I think that the reason why Qin State dare not invade Zhao State is because of the two of us. If two tigers fight each other, they will not be able to survive at the same time. The reason why I do this is to consider the difficulties of the country first , and then consider personal grievances." Hearing these words, Lian Po realized his mistake and felt very ashamed. He took off his clothes and exposed his body. To this extent." So the two reconciled and became good friends who lived together and died together.