Chapter 19 Amazing talent, heroine among women

——Zai Chi Zai drive, return condolences Weihou Zai Chi Zai drive, return condolences to Marquis Wei.Drive the horse leisurely, talk as far as the water.The doctor trekked, but my heart was worried. If you don't like me, you can't turn around.I don't care about you, but I don't think far.If you don't like me, you can't help? I don't care about you, but I don't think about it.Zhibi Aqiu, the words are adopted by his scorpion.Women are kind, and each has his own way.Xu Ren is especially special, and everyone is crazy. I do what I want, and I do what I want.Controlled by a big country, who is the most important?Gentlemen, there is nothing special about me.What Baier thinks is not as good as what I think.

—— "Feng Feng · Zai Chi" (superior) She has the alluring appearance of her mother, and she is even more talented; she has the enthusiasm and cheerfulness of her aunt, but she does not have her dissoluteness.In terms of political vision, she is not like her mother, but more like her aunt, who has vision and is good at dancing. Women in the Spring and Autumn Period had no status, so generalized that they didn't even have a specific name. However, they were not as deeply bound by ethics as in the Song and Ming Dynasties, so women at that time were not easy to use a standard to measure.Mrs. Xu Mu is a peculiar woman.She has a long history and is amazingly talented, not because of her beauty, but because of her patriotism and courage, leaving a deep mark in history.

She is the first patriotic female poet in the history of our country, and three of her poems are excerpted in this book.Even if the author of "Spring Water" and "Bamboo Pole" has doubts and cannot be sure that it is her, "Zai Chi" has been clearly and unmistakably proved to be her work: "Mrs. As far as the time of writing poetry is concerned, her patriotic poem "Zai Chi" is more than three hundred years earlier than Qu Yuan's "Li Sao". There are many poems about women in "Guofeng", and there may be many poems written for women themselves.But until now, "Zai Chi" written by Mrs. Xu Mu is the only poem whose female author's name can be confirmed.

Her life experience is too complicated to describe in words. "Volume 3: Biography of Renzhi" says: "Mrs. Xu Mu is the daughter of Duke Wei Yi, and also the wife of Duke Xu Mu." This statement is actually wrong.It is more said that Wei Yigong is Mrs. Xu Mu's elder brother, but this statement is not entirely correct, and it is very troublesome to talk about her seniority.As I said before, Xuan Jiang, the daughter of Qi, was first employed by Prince Ji. Her father was Xuan Gongyue and his wife, and she gave birth to sons Shou and Shuo.Shou and Ji competed for death, and it took advantage of Shuo, a sinister villain. After the death of Duke Xuan, Shuo ascended the throne and became Duke Hui of Wei. The ministers and nobles supported Qian Mou, who was born to Ji Yimu (should be Wei Xuangong's concubine, who was born to Yi Jiang who later became his wife), and Shuo was expelled from the country.Later, Shuo regained the throne with the help of the powerful state of Qi, but died soon after. His son succeeded him as Duke Wei Yi.Therefore, if we say that Mrs. Wei Yi is Mrs. Xu Mu's elder brother, this is based on Mrs. Xu Mu's father (Zhao Bowan and Shuo's generation), and if Mrs. Xu Mu's mother is Mrs. Wei Yi's grandma Come to think of it, Wei Yigong is a generation lower than Mrs. Xu Mu, so he has to be called Mrs. Xu Mu's aunt. (Look at this mess of generations! It makes people dizzy.)

Mrs. Xu Mu was born in Chaoge, the capital of Wei, now in northern Henan Province.Those who are familiar with "Fengshenbang" should know that the Nuwa Palace in Lingshan, where King Zhou of the Shang Dynasty sent incense and wrote obscene poems to blaspheme the goddess, and the Zhaixing Building where King Zhou and Daji drank wine and dug Bigan's belly and heart. can be found there.After Mrs. Xu Mu, Chao Ge raised the eternal assassin Jing Ke, and the extraordinary genius Gui Guzi, who can be described as a wealth of talents. Mrs. Xu Mu studied and studied at Chaoge in Weidu since she was a child, rode horses and archery in the outskirts of the city, fished and rowed by the Qishui.She has the free and pungent style of her aunt Wen Jiang.These things are not our conjectures. They were reflected in the poem "Bamboo Pole" that she wrote when she married Xu Guo to miss her life at that time.Poetry goes:

Longan bamboo poles are used to fish in Qi.Don't you think?Far away.The spring is on the left, and the Qi water is on the right.A woman can go, far away from her brothers and parents. Qi water is on the right, and the spring is on the left.The joy of clever laughter, the Nuo of Peiyu.The Qi River is full of water, and the juniper boats are full of loose boats.Traveling in words to write about my worries. Translated into vernacular is: The fishing bamboo pole is long and long, and I used to fish beside Qishui when I was a child.How can I forget my girlhood, Lu Yuan can't go back to his hometown.The Mimi fat spring is on the left, and the rushing water flows on the right.When a college girl gets married, she has to go out, farewell to her brothers and parents.

The Qi water is gurgling on the right.The fat spring is flowing.A girl with bright eyes and bright teeth wears jingle bells on her body.The water of the Qi River flows happily, and the oars are rowed in a small boat.Drifting along the water to a distant place, dissipating the sadness in my chest. According to the scenery described in the poem, Mrs. Xu Mu lived in a much better natural environment at that time than now. Now the northern part of Henan is where Weiguo is located. The land is barren and barren, and the rivers are also seasonal rivers that often dry up , Stinky Water River, and Qishui (now Qi County) are not at all the beautiful scenes in Mrs. Xu Mu's poems.

Unlike ordinary girls who are ignorant and only know how to expect love, Mrs. Xu Mu clearly understands that marriage between big countries is a political transaction.Since it is doomed to die for the country with a happy marriage, and since anyone is married, it is natural to marry to the most suitable country.She is like a sober gambler who wants to use her own happiness as a bargaining chip to win greater benefits for the country of Wei.At that time, Xu Guo and Qi Guo both came to propose marriage. Mrs. Xu Mu wanted to marry to Qi State, not because she was greedy for vanity, but because she had a real reason.She said to Wei Jun, "Xu State is far away and weak, and cannot support Wei State; Qi State is a strong country, and it is close to Wei State (Wei State is in the area of ​​Weihui City in the north of Henan today, and Xu State is in Xuchang, Henan Province." Nearby, Qi is in Shandong), after the marriage, Weiguo has something to do, and it is very convenient to support." If Mrs. Xu Mu's request is followed, her husband will be Qi Huangong, one of the famous Spring and Autumn Five Hegemons (according to modern point of view, Mrs. Xu Mu's mother is the daughter of Duke Xi of Qi, and she is also related to Duke Huan of Qi, but this kind of blood marriage was not prohibited during the Spring and Autumn Period), but Wei Jun lacked foresight, and finally married her according to the old covenant To Xu country.

Mrs. Xu Mu reminds me of Tanchun written by Cao Xueqin.Tanchun had a saying that impressed me deeply: "As long as I am a man, if I can go out, I will leave early and start a career. At that time, I will have my own reasons. But I am a girl, so there are many words. I don’t speak nonsense.”——Cai Gao’s fate, how many sorrows, all in silence. Fortunately, they all got out in the way they could.However, after Mrs. Xu Mu married Xu Guo, just like Tanchun was always worried about the fate of the Jia family, she was thinking about Wei Guo all the time.There is also a reason for this worry. Her elder brother Wei Yigong is a living treasure among the faint kings of all dynasties - a famous expert in raising cranes. , taking care of pets all day long, ignoring the government, and ignoring the sufferings of the people at all, which made the courtiers alienated and the people complained.

It is impossible for Mrs. Xu Mu not to know that her elder brother is a living treasure, and the terrible thing is that this living treasure still holds the power of the country.Mrs. Xu Mu is not a man. If she were a young master, she might be so angry that she would launch a coup d'état to drive Mr. Yi out of power and become the king herself. That would be quite simple.She can only be worried in the state of Xu.She wrote in the poem "Spring Water": "The spring water in Wubi also flows in Qi. I am pregnant with Wei, and I don't think about it for a long time. I molest the other concubines and talk about their schemes." Then she recalled it in two verses When you get married, you go through a scene of foaming and drying.Finally, he said: "I think of the fat spring, and I will sigh forever. Thinking of the whiskers and the water, I have a leisurely heart, and I will travel by car to write about my worries."

"Spring Water" and "Bamboo Pole" both express the distressed feelings of a married woman from Wei who misses her parents in her home country and cannot go back, but the subtle meanings are different. "Bamboo Pole" is just longing for the scenery and figures of the homeland, and the fishing place in the past, while the poem "Spring Water" directly hurts the guards, and deeply plans for the return of the guards. It is more advanced in emotion and behavior. one layer. Just when she was thinking about her homeland with anxiety, the country of Wei was destroyed as expected, and the king died.Gein's living treasures were all focused on raising cranes, and the Beidi (northern nomads near the Taihang Mountains at that time) took the opportunity to attack Weiguo. When the Di people invaded, the soldiers did not listen to Wei Yigong's order, saying, your general crane So good, you asked them to help you fight the war, why are you looking for us?Wei Yigong had no choice but to agree to kill all the cranes, and the soldiers reluctantly agreed to fight.Wei Yigong personally went to the battle to command, but he was killed by the fierce Beidi people as soon as they fought, and he was slaughtered and eaten so that only the liver was left. "Zuo Zhuan" records the situation after Wei's death in the second year of Min Gong: "Wei's survivors, there are seven hundred men and women, and there are thirty people. Yizhi Yigong and Teng Zhimin are five thousand people. Dai Gong is established, and the house is in Cao. Xu Mrs. Mu wrote "Zai Chi"." "The Marquis of Qi sent three hundred chariots and three thousand armored soldiers to guard Cao. Return (gift) the public rides and horses, sacrifice five rides, cattle, sheep, pigs, chickens and dogs three One hundred, and door materials. Return to Madam Yuxuan, and thirty taels of brocade." This is about the situation after Wei's demise, gathering survivors, carrying out aftermath and receiving assistance from Qi State. This is exactly what Mrs. Xu Mu wrote in "Zai Chi" historical background. The people of Wei established Dai Gong (the elder brother of Mrs. Xu Mu with the same father and mother) in Caoyi.Soon Dai Gong also died, and Wei Ren made Wen Gong (also her own brother).After learning of Wei's death, Mrs. Xu Mu was distraught, and asked Xu Mugong to help Wei.Xu Guojun and ministers were afraid of offending the people of Di, so they only sent envoys to Weiguo to express their condolences.Everything was exactly as she had foreseen back then, Xu Guo was weak and unreliable. (Down) Knowing that the state of Wei was in trouble, Mrs. Xu Mu could not just sit idly by. She discussed with her married sisters surnamed Ji and resolutely drove to Wei to go to the country together.But her timid husband Xu Mugong was afraid of offending Di Ren and getting angry, so he didn't allow her to go. Not only that, Xu Jun even sent a bunch of doctors to chase after her, and staged a farce of not allowing his wife to go back to her natal home.Mrs. Xu Mu was distraught, so she wrote the patriotic poem "Zai Chi" that has been passed down through the ages. The translation of the poem into vernacular is roughly like this: The horse-drawn carriage gallops and runs fast, returning to the country to condolences to Wei Hou.He rode his horse and traveled a long way, and hurried to Caoyi. The doctor came after me to stop me, and made me sad and sad.Although everyone disagrees, I can't turn back. It seems that you have no good plan, how can I get rid of the Wei people?Even if you don't agree, I can't go back to Xu country.It seems that you have no good plan, I miss the heart of defending the country even more urgently! Climb up that high hill and collect Fritillaria to relieve sorrow.Women are always worried, and they have reason and ideas.Doctor Xu Guo accused me of being naive and frivolous. My horse is riding in the fields, and the wheat seedlings are as vigorous as the waves of the water. Quickly go to the great country to ask for help, rely on any country to go to any country, gentlemen and gentlemen, please do not accuse me of violating etiquette, you have thought about it a hundred times, why don't you let me go once. In the poem "Zai Chi", Mrs. Xu Mu severely reprimanded the gang of people who have nothing to do with themselves, and even the dispute between her and Dr. Xu Guo is vivid: "If you are not good, you can't Turn back. If you don't hide, I can't think far? If you don't like me, you can't help. If you don't hide, I can't think?" Mrs. Xu Mu is admired for her determination and bravery. It is definitely different from the ordinary women who are tamed into sheep, and it is not just a beautiful embroidered pillow. "What Baier thinks is not as good as what I think" shows her confident demeanor.She has her own right.But under the obstruction of a group of foolish people, he could not return.That era limited her from making a bigger play.Now, in her capacity, it is not Tymoshenko, but also Rice and his ilk. Fortunately, although Mrs. Xu Mu was obstructed by Dr. Xu Guo, her "Zai Chi" gradually spread among the countries, and Wen Gong also adopted his sister's opinion and asked Qi State for help.Duke Huan of Qi sent his son Wukui to Caoyi with 300 chariots and 3,000 armored soldiers to help Duke Dai of Wei guard the city, stabilized the situation, saved the country from perishing, and provided funds for cattle, sheep, chickens, hogs and building materials. , to help Weiguo establish a new capital --- Chuqiu (now Weinanpo, Huaxian County).After the death of Duke Dai, Duke Wen made great efforts to rule with light corvee and light taxation, clothed with silk crowns, ate coarse vegetable soup, got up early and rested late, comforted the people, and was called a virtuous man, making Wei Xiang the country for four hundred years. "Fang Feng Dingzhi Fangzhong" is a narrative poem describing the rejuvenation and restoration of the country by Duke Wen of Wei. Wei Wengong worked hard to start a business, developed production, and his military strength increased tenfold in his later years.Later, Xing State (now Liaocheng, Shandong) was swallowed up, and the national power was revived.In the sixth year of Wei Chenggong (before 629), Wei moved to Emperor Qiu (now Puyang South) in order to avoid the intrusion of Di people. After more than a hundred years of recuperation, the scene of economic prosperity appeared again.Entering the Warring States period, Wei was constantly eroded by Zhao, the country was declining day by day, and the politics became more and more corrupt. However, the demise of Wei would destroy the balance of power between Zhao and Wei. A vassal of Wei.In the sixth year of Qin Wangzheng (before 241), Qin attacked Wei and occupied Puyang and set up Dongjun.The state of Wei then moved to Yewang (now Qinyang, Henan) and was transferred to the protection of Qin.In the first year of Qin II (209 BC), Wei Junjiao was abolished as a commoner, and Wei died here. King Qin swept Liuhe, and the six kingdoms were destroyed one after another. The small Wei survived in the cracks and became the last feudal kingdom of Zhou Dynasty to perish.Mrs. Xu Mu under the Nine Springs should feel relieved that history has treated her so favorably.