Chapter 15 Watch the light of the country

June 4th: Observe the light of the country and use the guest to the king. ——"Book of Changes·Guan Gua·Yao Ci" On October 19, 2003, Premier Wen Jiabao said at the opening ceremony of the 15th General Assembly of the World Tourism Organization: "From ancient times to the present, tourism has always been a beautiful pursuit for people to increase their knowledge, enrich their experience, and strengthen their bodies. In ancient times, Chinese sages proposed The idea of ​​"seeing the light of the country" advocated "reading thousands of books, traveling thousands of miles", visiting famous mountains and rivers, inheriting the aura of heaven and earth, and receiving the essence of mountains and rivers. After the founding of New China, especially since the reform and opening up, the Chinese government has attached great importance to tourism The tourism industry continues to develop rapidly and has become an emerging industry full of vitality and great potential."

The term "Guanguozhiguang" comes from the Guan Gua and Yaoci in "Book of Changes". "Guan" means observation, and "light" refers to the good aspects of folk customs and the advanced parts of the etiquette system.A state or region can attract many people to visit only if its politics is clean, its customs are honest, and its people's life is rich and satisfactory.According to "Historical Records Zhou Benji", King Wen of Zhou attracted many people from the vassal states to watch because of his benevolent government.For example, the people of Yu and Rui hoped that King Wen of Zhou would settle disputes for them and come to the Zhou Dynasty. The problem is too contemptible, so the dispute is self-determined. "Using guests to be kings" means that observers should learn the spirit of serving the country from the people of the observed country, so as to apply it to state affairs and public opinion. "Observe the light of the country, use the guest to the king." It means to use the method of visiting other countries, and finally achieve the effect of learning from it.It can be seen that the concept of watching the light of the country in ancient China has a great humanistic connotation and has played a very active role in history.Now when we talk about sightseeing, its meaning is similar to that of tourism, which refers to viewing the beautiful natural scenery and splendid cultural landscape of a country or region.Watching the light of the country can be regarded as the earliest concept of tourism in my country.

Speaking of the word "travel", it was spoken separately in early ancient China, that is, "travel" and "travel" are not related to each other.Regarding "Travel", there is a travel hexagram in "Book of Changes". Tang Dynasty scholar Kong Yingda explained the word "Travel" in "Zhouyi Zhengyi" as follows: "Traveler, the name of the guest, the name of the tour. Lost its original home Sending it to another place is called a journey." Regarding the interpretation of the word "you", "Book of Rites·Xueji" says: "You have nothing to do at leisure." In comparison, it can be said that the word "you" is different from the modern one. The concept of "tourism" is closer.The combination of "journey" and "tour" can be traced back to the Southern Dynasties. For example, Shen Yue, a poet of the Liang Dynasty, wrote in "Sorrowful Journey": "Tourism beautifies the spring of the year, and the tourists of the year. Xu Guangdan hangs colors, He Luxiao condenses the Jin. When the young leaves are born, the Hui is full of energy. Once the old country is blocked, the good time is thousands of miles away." The so-called "tourism" here is that the poet travels to relieve his worries because he lives in a foreign country and misses his homeland. It does not yet have all the connotations of the concept of tourism that we call today, but it has shown that the concept of tourism in ancient China has changed from the early observation of the glory of the country, focusing on the investigation of humanities and customs, to the intention of entertainment and recreation.During the Wei, Jin, Southern and Northern Dynasties, many scholars liked to put their love on mountains and rivers, and took advantage of the mountains and rivers to stay away from political dangers, so as to forget their worries.After the Tang and Song Dynasties, scholars began to combine "reading thousands of books" with "traveling thousands of miles". Many of them have consciously traveled since their youth, enjoying famous mountains and rivers, scenic spots and historical sites, and cultural customs in various places. Get in touch with the people, so as to cultivate one's own sentiments, improve one's knowledge and cultivation, in order to make good friends, and have the world in mind, so as to govern the country and the world.It can be said that in various historical periods in ancient China, no matter how the concept of tourism changed, it always contained the positive elements of seeing the glory of the country.

As an early concept of tourism in China, watching the light of the country once played a very important and positive role in the political life of the country and the humanities education of the people.Today, all regions are developing tourism economy. If we pay attention to the sightseeing effect in tourism and combine local natural features with folk customs, it will undoubtedly enhance the influence of a region or even a country.It is very appropriate for Premier Wen Jiabao to quote the tourism thoughts of the ancient Chinese sages who observed the glory of the country in order to clarify the significance of developing tourism and the current situation of China's tourism development.In the new era, it is of great practical significance to deeply explore China's tourism resources and advocate the tourism concept of seeing the glory of the country.