Chapter 11 Will be the top of the mountain, look at the mountains and small mountains

Du Fu How is Dai Zongfu?Qi Luqing is gone. The good fortune clock is beautiful, and the yin and yang are at dawn. Stratus clouds are born when the chest swings, and the canthus enters the returning bird. It will be the top of the mountain, and you can see all the small mountains. On December 8, 2003, Premier Wen Jiabao said at a luncheon held by the American Bankers Association in New York: "There is an ancient poem in China that describes the feeling of climbing Mount Tai: 'You will be at the top of the mountain, and you will see all the small mountains." We treat China and the United States For trade issues, you must have such a far-sighted strategic vision. For example, the US-China trade deficit, the RMB exchange rate issue, and the protection of intellectual property rights are of great concern to all walks of life in your country. All these issues arise in the development of Sino-US trade , can reach a consensus and can be gradually resolved, and should not and cannot affect the overall situation of Sino-US economic and trade development. As long as the two sides are sincere, such issues can be properly resolved through equal consultation and expanded cooperation."

"Being at the top of the mountain, looking at the mountains and small mountains" tells the importance of foresight.The poem comes from Du Fu's "Wang Yue".There are three such poems titled "Wang Yue" in Du Fu's collection of poems, which are divided into Dongyue (Taishan), Nanyue (Hengshan), and Xiyue (Huashan).The chanting of this poem is Dongyue Taishan, which is the earliest extant poem by Du Du. ) is the representative work of Du Fu's early poetry. The first couplet was inspired by setting questions, highlighting the overall characteristics of Mount Tai. "Daizong" is an alias of Mount Tai, and it is the place where the ancient emperors held the Zen ceremony.Qiu Zhaoao of the Qing Dynasty quoted Zheng Ang's words in "Detailed Notes on Du Poetry": "The king must ascend to this mountain to tell his generation, and the mountain is the longest of the five mountains, so it is called Daizong." In the eyes of the rulers, Mount Tai is the feudal regime "with the sky". , a symbol of "Tianlu Yongde".The author called Taishan Emperor Daizong, which shows his loyalty to the emperor.What is the husband means exactly what is the meaning; the word "husband" is usually used as a virtual character at the beginning of a sentence in ancient Chinese, and it is very unique to integrate it into the poem here. "Qi" and "Lu" were originally the names of two countries in the Spring and Autumn and Warring States Periods.In ancient times, Qi and Lu were bounded by Mount Tai, Qi State was in the north of Mount Tai, and Lu State was in the south of Mount Tai.Green, the color of the mountain; unfinished, endless; green, unfinished, refers to the boundless, vast and unspeakable beauty of the mountain.The first sentence starts with a question, which not only lays the groundwork for the introduction of the following, but also expresses the author's joy, wonder and admiration when he first saw Mount Tai.The second sentence is the answer to the first sentence after some deliberation. It is neither an abstract statement about the height of Mount Tai, nor is it described in exaggerated language like "Cui Lai piercing the sky" in "The Song of Mount Tai" by Xie Lingyun. Instead, starting from my own experience, using the distance to highlight the height of Mount Tai is ingenious.The couplets describe the magical beauty and majesty of Mount Tai seen from a close distance.Good fortune refers to heaven and earth, nature; bell, gathering; Shenxiu, refers to the magical and beautiful scenery of Mount Tai; these two sentences are the concretization of the scene of "the green is not gone". The character "Zhong" endows nature with spirituality and interest; the character "Cut" seems abrupt at first glance, but the details are interesting: the side facing the sun in front of the mountain is yang, and the side behind the mountain is yin. The day and night of the sky are judged by the yin and yang sides of the mountain, so it is said "cut the dusk and dawn".

The use of two verbs makes the originally lifeless picture appear full of life.It can be seen that the poet's creative style of not surprising and endlessly dying has been developed as early as his youth.The neck couplet is written to look closely at what Mount Tai saw.The chest is open, the heart is open; the canthus is the corner of the eye, and the canthus is written for a long time.Seeing the endless clouds in the mountains, my heart is also rippling; because I stare intently for a long time, I feel that my eye sockets seem to be broken. "Returning bird" is a bird returning to the forest to return to its nest. It can be seen that it is dusk and the poet is still looking at it. It is self-evident that it contains the poet's love for the great rivers and mountains.The tail couplet uses allusions to express the desire to climb the mountain generated by looking at the mountain. "Mencius All-in-One" stated that "Confucius climbed Dongshan and became a small Lu, and climbed Taishan and made a small world", and Du Fu's two sentences should come from this.Huidang is a dialect in the Tang Dynasty, which means must and should be appropriate.Ling, boarding; extreme, the highest peak. "Small" is used as an adjective, meaning "to consider... small, think... small".The poet thinks of mountaineering from looking at the mountain; from admiring its name for a long time, to looking at it from afar, and then to deciding to climb the mountain, although there is no word "hope" in the two sentences, the meaning of "hope" is everywhere. Hope, but also "looking" with heart.The concluding sentence not only makes the whole poem have an inexhaustible charm, but also can be regarded as Du Fu's self-expectation, showing the ambition and spirit of a young poet.Jin Shengtan in the Qing Dynasty said: "It is as powerful as a tiger to make a conclusion like this." This is the key to Du Fu's ability to become a great poet, and it is also the reason why these two lines of poems have been recited by people for thousands of years, and they still resonate strongly with us today. s reason.

The whole poem is just eight sentences and four characters long, but it depicts the majestic and majestic atmosphere of Mount Tai, expresses the poet's ambition to climb to the top, and shows an enterprising and positive attitude towards life, which is very philosophical.The poems are magnificent in spirit, powerful in writing and upright in language, which fully demonstrates the outstanding creative talent of the young Du Fu.Pu Qilong, a native of the Qing Dynasty, said: "Du Zi's heart and spirit are impressive here. Take it as a scroll, and stand still as a town." ("Reading Du Xinjie") Qiu Zhaoao also said: "The one who wrote about Mount Tai before Shaoling was Xie Lingyun. , Li Bai’s poem. The eight lines of Xie’s poem, the first half is ancient and elegant, but the bottom is plain and shallow. The six chapters of Li’s poem have good lines, but the meaning is repeated. This poem is powerful and steep, and you can look down on two families.” ( "Detailed Notes on Du Poems").

Premier Wen Jiabao quoted these two lines of Du Fu's poem many times in his speech, in order to tell the American economic circles and EU leaders that they should have a far-sighted strategic vision in terms of economy, trade and state relations. Equal consultations to expand cooperation, solve problems, and ultimately achieve mutual benefit and win-win results.