Chapter 51 Twelve Miscellaneous Poems (Part 2)

The sun falls to Xi'a, and the prime moon rises to Dongling.Thousands of miles away, the scenery in the sky is dangling.The wind blows into the house, and the pillow mat is cold in the middle of the night.When the qi changes, it is easy to understand, but if you don't sleep, you will know the eternity forever.If you want to talk but can't make peace, you wave a cup to persuade Gu Ying.The sun and the moon throw people away, and if you have ambitions, you will not succeed.Thinking of this is sad, and I can't be quiet at the end. Tao Yuanming's poems can often reveal a profound life experience.This experience is a deep reflection on life itself.For human life, its meaning is evergreen. The second and fifth poems of "Miscellaneous Poems" describe the sense of worry that time has passed, and I feel limited to life, but my career has not been accomplished, and the value of life has not yet been realized, which has this kind of meaning.

"The daylight falls in the west, and the plain moon rises out of the east mountain. The distant sky is bright, and the scenery in the sky." Ah Zhe, the hill.Plain person, white also.Swingers, vast appearance.Jing Tongying, brilliance and scenery, all refer to the moonlight.The four sentences at the beginning of the pen show a realm of infinite outline and bright light.Sunset and moonrise, day goes and night comes, it is the passage of time.Xi'a Dongling, thousands of miles in the sky, is extremely written in all directions.From ancient times to the present, it is called the universe, and the four directions are called the universe.This realm is a universe.And the magnificent scenery, bright and clear, this broad and bright realm is really the embodiment of Tao Yuanming's mind.From these four lines of poems, we can also see Tao Yuanming's great writing power.The sunset and the moon rise, and set a foreshadowing for the sadness of "the sun and the moon throwing people away" below.Xi'a is not called Xishan, and the plain moon is not called the bright moon, whichever is simple and plain.You may wish to compare Li Bai's "Moon at Pass Mountain": "The bright moon rises from the Tianshan Mountains, amidst the vast sea of ​​clouds. The wind blows for tens of thousands of miles, blowing across the Yumen Pass." Although the realm is similar, the style is Tang Yin.The word "bright moon" cannot be replaced with "su yue". "The wind comes into the house, and the pillow mat is cold in the middle of the night. It is easy to change when the air changes, and it is easy to know the evening without sleep." The above four sentences are from a specific time when day and night come, implying the meaning of "the sun and the moon throw people away". , These four sentences are a specific season from summer to autumn, implying this meaning and deepening this meaning.In the middle of the night, the cool wind blows into the window, and the pillow mat is already chilly.Due to the change of climate, I realized the change of seasons.It is only by not being able to fall asleep that I realize the length of the night.All kinds of keen feelings all imply a kind of deep sadness of the poet. "If you want to talk, you can't make peace, wave a cup to persuade Guying." He read the sound, which refers to talking.Swipe the glass, shake the wine glass.Guying is the shadow of oneself under the moonlight.I want to pour out my grief, but no one talks to me.I can only wave a cup to persuade the shadow, and persuade myself to drink.Drinking wine to drown sorrows, loneliness and loneliness are all beyond words.Li Bai's "Drinking Alone under the Moon": "A pot of wine among the flowers, drinking alone without a blind date. Raise a glass to invite the bright moon, and the shadows will form three people." It is probably derived from Tao's poems.However, Tao's poems are dull and deep, while Li's poems are elegant and unconstrained (the length of the poem is not quoted), and their flavors are different. "The sun and the moon throw people away, and if you have aspirations, you will not get it." These two sentences directly express sadness and are the core of the whole poem.As time goes by day and night, we don't stop for a moment. Life gradually feels limited, but we can't show our ambitions.The fifth poem of this question says: "Recalling when I was young and strong, I was happy without joy. My ambition is everywhere, and I think about it far away." The sixteenth poem of "Drinking Wine" says: "Young people rarely have human affairs, and the six classics are good for traveling." It can be seen that Tao Yuanming's life ambition is to benefit the world, and its root is traditional culture.Aspiration is the life of a person with lofty ideals.The value of life cannot be realized. This is indeed a tragedy shared by people with lofty ideals and benevolent people throughout the ages.In the poem, the word throwing and the word galloping are both very powerful.Weicheng characters can show the lofty ambitions; only throwing characters can express the passing of the sun and the moon.The faster the sun and the moon throw people away, the more sad and urgent the sorrow of not getting what one wants. "Reading this is sad, and I can't be quiet at the end of the dawn." The end of the dawn means from night until dawn.Thinking of ambition but not success, I can't help but feel desolate and sad, and my mood can't be calm all night.In the above statement, it is said that the pillow is cold at night, and it is said that you will know the night forever without sleep.Endless desolation.

Tao Yuanming's poem combines the wonderland of the brilliance of the plain moon swaying for thousands of miles with the sadness of the sun and the moon throwing people's ambitions but not yet.The realm of thousands of miles in the plain moon is actually the presentation of Tao Yuanming's mind.The sadness of aspirations and failures is also one of the realms in the mind.Therefore, the full realm of poetry naturally blends into one realm.In the poem, the minds of people with lofty ideals like the wind and the moon, and the sense of urgency that the time has passed and the career has not been accomplished, and the value of life has not been realized.Tao Yuanming's poem has been loved by many readers throughout the ages, and this is the root cause.