Chapter 15 Yong Jingke

Yan Dan is good at nurturing scholars, and aims to repay the strong win.Recruit hundreds of good men, and get Jing Qing at the end of the year.A gentleman dies with a confidant, and raises his sword out of Yanjing.Su Ji called Guangmo and generously sent me off.Xiongfa points to the dangerous crown, and rushes towards the long tassel with fierce air.Drinking fruit is easy to water, and the four seats are among the heroes.Gradually away from the sad building, Song Yi sings loudly.Xiao Xiao mourns the passing of the wind, and a faint cold wave arises.Shang Yin's tears flowed even more, and the strong man was startled by the feather playing.The heart knows whether to go or not, and has a name for later generations.When to board the car, fly to the Qin court.The fiercer the more thousands of miles, meandering through a thousand cities.The picture is poor, and the hero is in a daze.It's a pity that the swordsmanship is sparse, so the miraculous work cannot be achieved.Although the person is gone, there is still love for thousands of years!

Regarding the matter of Jing Ke, both "Warring States Policy Yan Ce" and "Historical Records Biography of Assassins" have records, and the basic plots are similar.Tao Yuanming's poem is obviously based on the above-mentioned historical materials, but it does not simply retell this historical story in the form of poetry. The first four lines of the poem lead Jing Ke from Yan Taizidan's supporter to report to Qin (report, revenge, revenge).It not only summarizes the process of Jing Ke's entry into Yan, Yan Dan's plan for Taifu Li Wu, Tian Guang's recommendation from Tian Guang, Tian Guang's recommendation of Jing Ke, Yan Dan's recognition of Jing Ke, and the recognition of him as "Shangqing", etc. In the contradiction between Qin and Yan, and because this character is the most outstanding and handsome warrior (a hundred men, a warrior who surpasses a hundred men), he naturally became the hope of the contradictory side (Yan).Then, the background of the story, the positions of the characters, and the heavy responsibilities they shouldered have all been revealed in general, so these four sentences are "full photos of the funeral".Because of this, suspense such as the development of contradictions, the fate of characters, etc., are also tightly tied to the hearts of readers at the same time.Next, I will write about Jing Ke leaving Yan. Before leaving, there is Jing Ke waiting for his assistant in the history books, but "the prince is late, and he suspects that he will repent", which caused Jing Ke to scold the prince angrily. The record of Qin Wuyang's peers used in Chinese.The poet omits this important plot, and replaces it with "a gentleman dies with a confidant, and raises his sword out of Yanjing".The latter sentence makes the following sentence, and the former sentence obviously defends Yan Dan's fault, but it is written in this way, which echoes the "good nurturing scholars" in the first sentence.It not only makes the content harmonious and unified, but also makes the brush and ink concentrated and the structure integrated.Yishui's farewell party, "Warring States Policy" and "Historical Records" wrote: "Suifa, the prince and guests who know the matter, all wear white clothes to send them off...", from calm to passionate.The poet is not the case. He first inserts "Su Jiming Guangmo, generously sending me off".Su Ji, a white horse.If the horse is like this, it goes without saying for people, and the emotion of the poem is aroused at once.Therefore, the description of the two sentences of "Xiongfa" - the hair standing on end, pointing to the tall hat; the majestic aura touched the silk rope of the crown - although it is not without exaggeration, it seems extremely natural because of the sincerity .Farewell to Yishui is also a passionate and tragic scene that was brewed and unfolded in this atmosphere.Gao Jianli, Song Yi... all the heroes of the Yan Kingdom at that time were sitting on the farewell banquet.The cold water mourns the wind, the building sings loudly, the sound and color are all present, and the scene is born together. The sender and the walker are all enthusiastic and generous. "The heart knows whether to go or not, and has a name for later generations."Another one-stroke touches on Xingzhe, expressing Xingzhe's determination and expressing Xingzhe's spirit, and this is where the intention and effect of this scene lies. The six sentences of "boarding the chariot" describe that Jing Ke has no hesitation and flies into Qin Dynasty.Let the above-mentioned determination to die and indomitable spirit be concretely expressed in action.Among them, the two sentences of "sharp" also belong to the poet's imagination. It is like a series of flashing shots, making the characters rush to Qin Ting and pushing the plot to a climax, which is exciting.The poem uses a lot of pen and ink to write about Yan's entry into Qin Dynasty, and the narrative is exhausted, but when it comes to the positive side of the assassination failure, it is as precious as ink, and only two sentences are used-"The picture is poor, and the hero is at the camp." .The first sentence succinctly explained the plot of Jing Ke and Yan Dan hiding sharp blades in the map to rob and assassinate the King of Qin, and at the same time announced the arrival of the climax. As for Jing Ke being killed by the King of Qin, etc., he didn't mention a word. His inclinations are clear, his love and hatred are strong, and he is comfortable without saying a word.In the limited space, the author reproduces the majestic image of Jing Ke, and also shows the author's tailoring skills and creative talent.The last four lines of the poem are direct lyric and commentary. The poet regrets that his "miracle achievement" was not successful, but at the same time affirms that his spirit is still there. Amidst regret and admiration, the image of this brave sacrifice and fearless violence is obtained. Immortal glory, immortal life.It can be seen that the poet wrote this wonderful and weighty ending with an emotional touch.As Zhang Yugu said, "I cherish it and admire it again, and the knot is powerful, so that the whole capital can be lifted up" ("Appreciation and Analysis of Ancient Poems").

The nostalgia of nostalgia for the past is for reality.However, this "reality" should not be said too narrowly (as some commentators have said, this poem was written by the poet out of "loyalty to the Jin Dynasty and the Song Dynasty"), why?First of all, because Tao Yuanming has repeatedly said: "When I was young, I was strong and powerful, and I traveled alone with my sword. Whoever said and acted close, Zhangye will go to Youzhou" ("Imagine" No. 8); Fierce aspirations spread across the world, Qian He thinks far and wide" (Miscellaneous Poems No. 5).This allows us to see that the author's life, interests and character have already been bold and chivalrous.Secondly, the poet also served as an official in Jin Dynasty, but he said that it was "accidentally fallen into the dust net, and he went there for thirteen years" ("Returning to the Garden and Living in Five Poems"), and his regret is beyond words, which shows that "Jin" is not his. The ideal kingdom, of course, is also true of "Song".These are the reasons why we don't need to stick the meaning of "Ode to Jingke" in "Loyalty to Jin Dynasty and Repay Song Dynasty".The poet's "violent ambition" never fades throughout his life, and he always has the heart to eliminate evil and violence, and sacrifice his life to help the world. Jing Ke in the poem is also the artistic reflection of this spirit and ideal.To put it simply, it is to use the old things of history to express one's love and dislike, which is closer to the poet's heart.Yes, the influence of this poem is also here, and there is also a poem to prove it: "Tao Qian likes to talk about Jing Ke in his poems, and he wants to see "Standing Clouds" to make a great song. When he sings about grievances and hatred, there may not be many heroes in the world." ( Gong Zizhen's Miscellaneous Poems of Ji Hai)