Chapter 14 In March of the year of Yisi, the envoy who joined the army for Jianwei passed through Qianxi

I don't practice Sri Lanka, the years have accumulated.Looking at the mountains and rivers in the morning and evening, everything is as it used to be.The light rain washes the high forests, and the clear wind corrects the clouds.The dependents keep their goods, and the wind of righteousness is not separated.What is Yi Yu doing? Encourage him to serve here?It looks like a system, but the plain skirt is not easy to change.Sonoda's daydream, An Dejiu's separation?Finally pregnant in the return boat, forgive Zai Yishuangbai. Yisi years old, that is, the first year of Emperor Yixi of Jin'an (405).At the beginning of this year, Tao Yuanming served as the governor of Jiangzhou Liu Jingxuan (official title General Jianwei) joined the army. In March, he was sent to Jiankang, Kyoto. This poem was written by a boat in Qianxi on the way.Qianxi, namely Meigenye (now Meigeng, Guichi, Anhui), was a famous port along the river at that time.The scenery here is beautiful, not far to the south is Jiuhua Mountain (called Jiuzi Mountain at that time), and seeing Jiuhua from the river is a beautiful place to sing for poets.The first half of this poem is written here "Looking at the mountains and rivers", and the second half is about feeling.

"I don't practice this situation, the years have accumulated." "Accumulated" here refers to the time has passed, "good", what.It was a long time since he stopped talking about this place at the beginning, which tells us that he has been here before, and that when he said this, the old impression must have returned to his memory. "The years have accumulated" is another exclamation sentence, expressing a feeling of regret after a long absence and joy of revisiting.The following two sentences came out naturally: "Looking at the mountains and rivers in the morning and evening, everything is the same as before." This shows how much he loves this place, and it seems that he can't see enough; when he compares what he sees with the impressions of the past, he will again How gracious it feels.People often have this kind of experience: when they first visit a certain place, they will feel freshness from the strangeness, and then they will feel intimacy from the familiarity when they travel again.Su Shi once wrote such a small poem when he first visited Lushan Mountain: "If there is no green mountain, there will be no blind date. If you want to know the face of Lushan Mountain, you will be an old friend in other years." ("Three Poems for the First Time in Lushan Mountain") Looking at the mountains and rivers in the morning and evening", probably seems to be like an old friend. "The light rain washes the high forest, and the clear wind corrects the cloud." This is a prominent impression when he looks at the mountains and rivers, written in a fresh and detailed way. "Little rain" and "clear wind" (the meaning of the breeze) reveal the beautiful breath of spring. After being washed by the light rain, the high forest will become more green and lovely, and the wings of the birds in the air will hover under the support of the breeze. Get more comfortable.The environment here is so beautiful and peaceful, and he couldn't help sighing: "I'm still looking forward to the existence of other things, and the wind of righteousness has not been separated." These things still look so beautiful, and the simple and rustic style has not changed at all.These are all good impressions from revisiting old places.

"What is Yiyu doing? Encourage him to serve here?" Here he began to blame himself: What am I doing, running on the road like this?This kind of self-blame is caused by the beauty of the mountains and mountains here in Qianxi, and the joy of living in people. Although the turn is steep, it is actually natural. "One shape seems to be restrained, and the plain skirt cannot be changed." "One shape" refers to the body of an individual, and "restricted" means being restrained and restrained.Here it is said that running on the road by myself is due to the constraints of my job.The word "like" is used in the middle, this indeterminate word shows that I don't value this official position very much, and it is not difficult to throw it away. "Plain lapel", the usual embrace, that is, retreat to the countryside, he believes that this cannot be changed.Let's say "Sonoda Ridream, An Dejiu separated?" "Separated", leave.Tao Yuanming's official career was very short this time, and he said "for a long time" here. He dreamed of it every day, and it was seen that he was indeed "natural in nature, not a result of hard work" ("Gui Qu Lai Xi Ci"). "I'm going back to the boat, forgive me for the frost cypress." These two sentences mean that I must go back to the countryside, and this determination is as firm as a cypress tree that is not afraid of frost.Confucian words are used here secretly, "The year is cold, and then the pines and cypresses will wither." This vow is very serious. "Drinking Wine" has a nineteenth sentence "then you will be divided, and you will die in the field", which has a similar meaning to these two sentences.In the eight sentences in the second half, the first two sentences are self-blame, and the last six sentences are two-level, repeatedly expressing one's ambition to return to farming, one level is deeper and deeper, and the words "seem to be", "not possible", and "ande" are used. ", "Final Huai", and "Forgiveness" echoed these words, expressing his feelings very strongly.

Tao Yuanming wrote five campaign poems with four titles, all of which expressed his nostalgia for the countryside, but the writing time and background of each poem were different, which shows that his thoughts of loathing official career and yearning for nature are consistent.Just a few months after this poem was written, he wrote "Returning to Come" and permanently left the official career that made him feel "against himself".Compared with the other service poems, the structure of this poem is more orderly, with two halves well-proportioned and clear boundaries.In terms of scene relationship, the other poems are about the twists and turns of the mountains and rivers, and the dangers caused the sighs of the soldiers, while this one is about the beauty of the mountains and rivers, and the beauty of the different places arouses related associations with the beauty of the hometown. It seems to make people feel more intimate. .This related association may be caused by the similarity of the mountains and rivers in Qianxi to those in Chaisang. This poem is called "Looking at the mountains and rivers in the morning and evening". The situation is very similar.Today, if we are interested in investigating the scenery of the two places on the spot, we may be able to prove that this speculation is not false.