Chapter 51 Section 7 Bhikshu and Bhikkhuni Precepts

(1) Precepts for monks and nuns Anyone who is a monk or nun should accept the precepts.The number of precepts that monks and nuns have is different due to the difference in the Vinaya of each department. There are two hundred and fifty-one and three hundred and seventy articles in the Partition Law, two hundred and seventy and three hundred and eleven articles in the "Pali Law", and two hundred and sixty-one and three hundred articles in the "Ten Chanting Law". Article fifty-four.Its content is divided into eight categories according to the severity of "sin". The first category is the Parayi method.This is translated as "beheaded" or "overcome by him".This is equivalent to the death penalty in the law of the world. People who commit this crime are expelled (exiled) from the religious order and lose their qualifications as monks. "Parayi" means "to be defeated" or "to fall into defeat".Within this category, there are four items of lust, theft, murder, and lying.

The second category is the "Sangha Law".This is a second-class felony.This crime will not lose the qualifications of a monk, and there is still a religious life, but matters such as pleading guilty and exempting from guilt should be decided by the Sangha. (2) touching a woman’s body, (3) uttering lewd words to a woman, (4) telling a woman “the law of offering lust” to a woman, (5) acting as a matchmaker for a marriage, (6) building a tall house that exceeds the regulations, (7) When there is a benefactor, build a large monastery above the prescribed limit, (8) Slander other bhikkhus with the unfounded Parai crime, (9) Attach other facts to the Parai crime to slander other monks Bhikkhus, (10) want to break the peace of the Sangha, even if they are advised by other monks, they will not stop. The crime is not only not listening to the advice of other monks, but also scolding other monks, and disobeying the advice of the religious order. (13) Form a special relationship with believers.Harm the pure faith, and refuse to obey the advice of the religious order.Those who commit the above thirteen crimes should be punished and repented among more than 20 monks.

The third category is indeterminate law.This is the sin of indecision.This crime is only committed by monks, not by nuns.There are two items: (1) in a secret (hidden) place, sit with the woman alone (only two men and women) (sitting direction); (2) in a place that is not hidden, sit with the woman alone.When the above two items are witnessed by a believer with faith, the believer will report it, and decide to be the crime of Parai, Sangha, or single fall, depending on the situation (undetermined). The fourth category is the method of giving up and falling.This is when clothes, bowls and other items exceed the stipulated ownership (possession) or have an illegal attitude, the items will be confiscated by the monks, and you must repent in front of the monks. There are thirty crimes. People who commit this crime , to hand over their items (more than the specified items) before more than four monks to confess.The "sacrifice" of giving up the fall means giving up things, and the "falling" means the sin of falling into hell.

The fifth category is single fall method.This is not a crime related to property as in the previous paragraph, but a crime related to lying, double tongue, killing animals or drinking alcohol, etc., and the crimes of attachment and vexation.Those who commit this crime must repent before the three monks. The sixth category is the law of repentance.This is a sin that should be confessed or confessed to others.The content is related to the four laws of "eating".Those who commit this crime should repent before one person. The seventh category is the method of learning from others.This is not an accusation, but a method of stipulating food and drink, a method of speaking, or various "prestige and manners" that should be paid attention to when getting close to lay people.Violation of this behavior, the establishment of "Tu Jiluo" crime.There are one hundred articles in the content, so it is said that "a hundred people learn", but the "Pali Law" has seventy-five articles.When committing this crime intentionally, one should repent to the senior bhikkhu (the first confession), and if one committed the crime unintentionally, one should repent in one's own heart (repentance).

The eighth category is the method of extinction.This is not a "crime", but a "law to suppress and eliminate disputes" in the Sangha.There are seven methods in the content, so it is said that "seven extinguishing disputes".With this method, when the quarrel has not been properly calmed down, the lord will constitute the "Tujiluo crime". (2) Keeping the precepts yields fruit Now according to the thirty-seventh chapter of the "Forty-two Chapters" of the Buddha, the "Sangye Law" is mentioned in the text of the "Forty-two Chapters": In the past, there were two monks in the Indian state of Bolunai. Worship Shakyamuni Buddha.The journey was long and the weather was very hot. Two monks, one old and one young, walked for many days on the way. They were thirsty and could not find water to eat anywhere. Not long after the journey, they suddenly found a well not far in front of them. Comfort, relieved.The two monks both walked to the well, and saw that there was water in the well, which gave birth to great joy. The young monk had a drink when he saw the water, and he was very full. On the way to death of thirst, you can go to see the Buddha.When the old monk saw the water, he remembered in his heart what the Buddha once said: "When the Buddha contemplates a bowl of water, there are eighty-four thousand insects".He thought that even though the water was a well, there must be 84,000 insects in the water.Even though worms are tiny animals, they still have life, and when we drink water, we also kill living things.The old monk obeyed the Buddhist precepts and would rather die of thirst than drink well water.The young monk said to the old monk: Why don't you drink water?If you are dying of thirst, you will not get to Sravasti to see the Buddha!The old monk made up his mind not to drink water, and soon died of extreme thirst.After his death, due to his diligent practice and strict adherence to the precept of killing, with the merit of observing the precepts, he will be reborn in the second level of Trayali Heaven and have supernatural powers.That night, I first went to Sravasti to meet the Buddha, listened to the Buddha's lectures on the Dharma, and immediately obtained the purity of the Dharma Eye and proved the Arhatship.But the young monk did not hold the precept of killing. After drinking water, he came to the Buddha's place two days later to worship and ask for the Dharma.The Buddha asked: Is it coming alone, or are there other people coming together?With a sigh, the young monk reported to the Buddha that the old monk refused to drink water and died of thirst on the way.Self-righteous, not ashamed.The Buddha said: You are a foolish person who doesn't keep the precepts. You say you can see me, but you can't see me.The Buddha also told me about the fact that the old monk had come to see me last night to hear the Dharma and attain the Tao. The young monk felt ashamed and deeply annoyed.Therefore, he worked hard to become stronger, became more courageous and diligent, and upheld the Buddha's precepts.Through this story, we Buddhist disciples deeply understand the two kinds of thoughts and behaviors of upholding and violating the precepts, and get two different retributions. It is the most important thing to think twice.Therefore, the Buddha said: "If there is a bhikkhu on the other side of the sea, who can not let go, be diligent and unremitting, and gather all the roots, even though he is far away from me, I will always see him, and he will always be close to me."

(3) A model of upholding the prohibition It is said: Once upon a time, there was a monk who went to the mountains for alms. One day, when he arrived at a rich man’s house, as soon as he walked in the door, there happened to be a young woman sitting in the hall, concentrating on stringing pearls there. When he heard the sound of the door, he knew someone was coming. , I saw a young monk in a monk's robe, holding a small copper chime in his hand to make alms.The young woman hurriedly slipped into the back hall, because she left in a hurry, she even put a big pearl that was being connected together on the table.Unexpectedly, it slipped to the floor. At this time, a white goose came by the courtyard. Seeing the big gleaming blue bead, it rushed up and swallowed it in one gulp. The monk witnessed this fact with his own eyes.Suddenly, the young woman thought of this precious orb, and immediately called the maid to the hall, but she couldn't find it anywhere.The master and the servants were all thinking: Except for this young monk who came to alms for alms, no one else has come to the hall.Then he asked the young monk, but the monk remained silent and kept silent. Even though everyone questioned him loudly, the monk still did not speak.So everyone was angry, punched and kicked, this noble monk who adhered to the precepts, no matter how much you doubted him, you were rude to him and punished him arbitrarily.He never forgot the World Honored One's teaching of "take precepts as teacher", he would rather die with precepts than live without precepts.So it's unbearable, I'm sincere, I stick to it, and I don't say a word.As for this goose, it happened to be trampled to death amidst the noise of the crowd.Seeing that the goose had been trampled to death, the monk said, "Don't hit me again, the pearl is already here."Everyone forced him to hand over the pearl, and the monk said, "It's in the belly of the goose." Everyone felt dumbfounded, and said in unison, "Why didn't you speak earlier?" The monk said, "I am a disciple of Buddha, and I must abide by the precepts. I If I said earlier, you are bound to kill the goose to get the pearl, I would have violated the precept of killing. If I said that I did not see, I would have violated the precept of lying. I feel in a dilemma, and keeping the precepts is the first. The Buddhist scriptures say: "Precepts are supreme. According to Bodhi, one should uphold the pure precepts wholeheartedly. "Everyone was ashamed and admired when the monk said this. There was a deep silence, and a deep impression was engraved in everyone's mind-"The World Honored One takes precepts as a teacher. "

(4) Different precepts in Brahma Net Sutra and Upasaka Precepts If the Upasaka and Upasaka disciples at home want to arouse the bodhicitta and seek to accept the bodhisattva precepts, they will be able to go straight to the Mahayana in the future, save all living beings, and complete the Bodhi path.It’s just that he might not be solid at all, and he will only use a false name to obtain real benefits. Therefore, he must first accept the five precepts to consolidate his roots, and then further seek the Bodhisattva’s precepts according to the Brahma Net Sutra.Bodhisattva precepts have ten weights and forty-eight light ones.This is the lawful behavior.

However, relying on the "Upasaka Precepts Sutra Accepting Precepts" said: The bodhisattva precepts taught to the lay people are only six heavy and twenty-eight light.This is according to the difference between the two different precepts indicated by the two scriptures.We need to know that after laymen and laymen accept the Bodhisattva Precepts, although they are called "Bodhisattva Upasaka, Upasaka Precepts" in name, they are actually based on the five precepts they received, because these five precepts lead directly to the Bodhisattva Mahayana. Good men and good women at home should take eight fasts on the six fasting days (the eighth, fourteenth, fifteenth, twenty-third, twenty-ninth, and thirty-eighth day of the lunar month) as a way to learn how to practice Taoism, the main principle of admiring the pure life of leaving home and leaving desires.For this reason, if the lay people want to receive the Mahayana Bodhisattva precepts, they should first receive the Bodhisattva Upasaka and Upasika precepts.Therefore, the "Upasaka Precepts Sutra" says, "The Upasaka Precepts are extremely important. Why? These precepts can serve as the foundation for the ten precepts of novice monks, and even Anuttara-samyak-sambodhi."