Chapter 74 An Attempt to Revaluate All Values ​​The Will to Power Section VI

the will to power attempt to revaluate all values Section VI <496> Talk about recognizing diversity.The relation of cognition to many other things (or to other kinds) should be traced—that is, to know what other people's "knowledge" should be like!The process of knowing and recognizing species is influenced by living conditions.It is an extremely rash conclusion to think that we must have no other kind of reason than those which preserve us.For this de facto condition may be merely accidental, not necessary at all. Our cognitive organs are not set up for "knowledge".

<907> If only we could foresee the most favorable circumstances that produce the people of the highest value!This is an extremely complex job, and the possibility of failure is very high.So don't get too keen! — This is skepticism. — On the contrary: we have the power to increase courage, to increase knowledge, to increase seriousness, to strengthen independence and responsibility; we also have power to improve the precision of the balance, and to expect favorable accidents to help us. <259> There is a view that, despite the many valuations, the goals involved are definite: namely, the preservation of individuals, groups, races, nations, churches, beliefs, and cultures. —Because it is forgotten that there is only one perspective valuation, all conflicting values, and therefore conflicting impulses, can converge in one and the same man.This is a morbid manifestation in man; in animals, on the contrary, all existing instincts suffice for a given task.

Yet this contradictory creation is itself a great method of knowing.Because he has grasped the grounds of affirmation and negation, he strives for justice—for a way of understanding the valuation of the other side of good and evil. A man of supreme intelligence, and therefore a man of contradictions, who seems to possess the organ of antennae which perceives the intelligence of all races.For his resounding harmony, the height of chance, reverberates among us too!It's a planetary movement— <834> If one thinks that the artist's genius consists in the most perfect freedom under the guidance of norms, in the sacred pleasure and ease of overcoming difficulties, then Offenbach is more entitled to the title of "genius" than Wagner.Wagner was dull and sluggish.Because the perfect moment of indulgence is out of place for him.And this buffoon, Offenbach, has five or six such moments in almost every burlesque.One may, however, understand genius as something else.

① Jacques Offenbach (1819-1880) - French composer, one of the founders of classical operetta, composed of "Orfeo in Hell", "Beautiful Helen", "Life in Paris" and so on. - translator <408> What do philosophers lack? 1.Historical significance; 2.Physiological knowledge; 3.For future purposes—that is, the ability to criticize without sarcasm or moral condemnation. <1043> No wonder it took thousands of years to rediscover the bonds of connection—thousands, that's nothing! <987> It is difficult to succeed in shaping the greatest and noblest image of man.For the history of philosophy is marked by innumerable scum, mishaps, and slow steps; in the course of thousands of years, in which time kills what is acquired; and the links are broken again and again.This is gruesome history. —History of the highest and wisest men. —It is the memory of the great that is most vulnerable, because the semi-successful and the scum will misunderstand them and bring them down with their "achievements."Whenever it works, the mediocrity enters the scene; the low-class and the spiritually empty talk a lot, while those who know that the destiny of man lies in the realization of the highest kind are unbearable. —I have thought about the conditions of the wise since childhood, and have no intention of concealing my pleasant belief that the wise may reappear in Europe—perhaps not for long.

<503> The entire cognitive organ is used for abstraction and simplification—it is not used to recognize things, but to control them. "Ends" and "means" are as remote from essence as concepts.One manages the process with "ends" and "means" (-one invents a process that can be grasped), but one uses the "concepts" that constitute the process of things. <476> "Consciousness"—a conceived idea, a conceived will, or a conceived emotion (known only to us), why is it superficial?Because our inner world is also a "phenomenon"!

<854> In this age of universal suffrage, where anyone has the right to criticize anyone and anything, I think the imperative is to rebuild hierarchy. <421> I must create the lofty ideal of the philosopher.Learning is useless!Scholars are the herds that know the kingdom. —The scholar studies because he is called upon to do so, and because others have done it before him. —— <497> The most admired transcendental "truths," I think, are mere conjectures awaiting further study; the law of causality, for example, is a deep-seated habit of belief which is so deeply believed that not to believe it would be There is a catastrophe of extinction.However, because of this it is the truth?What a bizarre inference!As if the fact that human beings are still alive has been confirmed by the truth!

<591> Demanding "hard facts" - epistemology: there's so much pessimism in it! <1055> In this philosopher's view, a pessimistic way of thinking and doctrine, fanatical nihilism may be essential.For, they are powerful pressures and hammerheads with which he can exterminate and destroy decaying and dying races, he can clear the way for new institutions, or persuade those who are willing to decline and perish, to live this life! <943> What is nobility? —is the most superficial prudence.Because this kind of caution has strict boundaries, is incompatible with giving and receiving, and is difficult to confuse.

— is indiscretion in word, dress, or manner.The seriousness and self-imposed compulsion of Stoicism guard against all immodest curiosity. —a slow step, a glazed look, and nothing more valuable in the world.Because, they appear and want to become valuable themselves.So it is difficult for us to feel surprised. — is to endure poverty and shabbiness and even disease. ——Don't try to gain fame, don't trust people who praise others easily!Because the person who praises people thinks he knows what he is going to praise: but understand——Balzac, the typical quick success confided in his mind—knowing means nothing.

① Balzac (1799-1850) - a famous French writer, author of "Eugenie Grandet" and "Human Comedy". - translator — is the deepening of our doubts about the intelligibility of the human heart, for whom loneliness is not chosen but innate. —is the conviction that people have obligations only to those of equal rank, and that they can do whatever they want with others.Because I am convinced that justice can only be expected among people of similar family status. (What a pity! It's not a one-off thing.) —is a satire and ridicule of "genius", that is, the belief that only born nobles have morality.

——I always think that I should be respected by others.Because it is rare for someone who respects him to appear. ——I always like to dress up in disguise.For the higher the nature of man, the more he needs anonymity.If there is a God, then, out of politeness, he should only assume the image of a worldly man. ——It is the ability to live a life of leisure, and the absolute belief that any craft is not disgraceful, but certainly detrimental to nobility.No matter how much we respect and affirm "hard work", we do not evaluate it in the sense of citizens, and it is also different from the practices of those greedy and gossiping artists, because they are like old hens, clucking, clucking, and clucking. An egg, cluck cluck again.

— We protect artists, poets, and masters of any skill.But we are higher than these "productive people" who just do things, and we are not to be confused with them. —is an interest in all forms; a willing defense of all forms, a firm belief in the greatest virtue of decency; a suspicion of all kinds that go their own way, including all freedom of the press and of thought, for it leads to simple minds and strong limbs. —The interest in women is an interest of a perhaps smaller and more delicate kind.How pleasant it is to meet those who enjoy singing, dancing, drinking, and grooming in the morning!They fascinate all hungry, deep and intense male souls who are the ones with the big bucks. —an interest in princes and monks.For, generally speaking, they uphold their belief in the difference of human worth, even in evaluating the past, at least symbolically. —is the skill of silence: but say nothing of it before an audience. —is to endure long enmities: for lack of strength for easy understanding. —is averse to demagoguery, "enlightenment," "harmony," and vulgar intimacy. —is the accumulation of precious things, the need of a high and fastidious soul; wanting nothing common but one's own books, one's own sights. ——We must stand up against bad and good experiences, and we must not let them spread too quickly.Individuals: If individuals have bad aesthetics that presume to be the norm, then it would be ridiculous for us to oppose individuals! —It is we who love the childish and childish, and regard them only as spectators and superiors; I think Faust is as childish as his sweetheart. — is that we don't value good people very much, because they are herd animals.We know that among the worst, the worst, the hardest, there is often hidden a drop of immeasurable goodness, which outweighs all the simple hypocrisy of tender souls. —that we do not think that the vices and follies of our kind are to be blamed.We know that we are difficult to be recognized, and we have every reason to put ourselves in a position of eminence. ①The heroine in Goethe's "Faust". - translator <1064> There has never been an equilibrium state at all, which shows that it cannot be achieved.But in an uncertain space, maybe there will be.The same is true in spherical space.The structure of space is the cause of motion, and indeed of all "imperfections". "Strength", "stability" and "equilibrium" are intriguing, and the quantity (that is, the size) of force is fixed, but the ability of force is fluid. To refute "super temporality".When the force reaches a certain moment, there is an absolute condition for the redistribution of all forces; force cannot be stagnant. "Change" belongs to essence, therefore, temporality also belongs to essence.In this way, the inevitability of change is merely re-established conceptually. <603> We know that the disillusionment of illusions does not produce truth.And as long as there is more "ignorance", it means the expansion of "void" and the growth of our "desert"—— <978> A new philosopher is born only in connection with a certain ruling class, of which he is the highest spiritual embodiment.Great politics are about to rule the globe, imminent; the necessary principles should be laid down. <979> Basic idea: new value must be established first - we cannot do without it!For us, the philosopher must be the lawgiver, the new kind. (The situation is like the domestication of the highest species hitherto - the Greeks, for example. This "accidental" species must be created consciously".) <422> Superstitions about philosophers: people confuse them with men of science.It seems that the value is hidden in things, as long as you grasp them!How far have they progressed under the influence of existing values ​​(such as their hatred of light, flesh, etc.)?Schopenhauer is concerned with morality (mocking utilitarianism).In the end, the confusion went so far as to take Darwinism for philosophy: the reign, therefore, now fell into the hands of the men of science.The French, like Théner, seek, or think they are, without grasping the standard of value.Prostrating at the feet of "facts," they are the cult types.In fact, they want to cancel the existing valuation. To explain this misunderstanding.Commanders are rare, so they misunderstand themselves.First of all, people want to get rid of all authority, thinking that this is the general trend. – In Germany, the critic belongs to the history of the awakened male.Like Lessing, etc. (Napoleon on Goethe).In fact, the movement was thwarted by German Romanticism.For, the reputation of the German philosophers is associated with Romanticism, as if it would remove the danger of skepticism, as if it would justify faith.In Hegel both tendencies reached their culmination.Because, in the final analysis, he summed up the facts of German criticism and romanticism—that is, dialectical fatalism, but this is out of respect for the spirit, in fact, the philosopher bowed his head to reality.What about the critics: no more! ① Lessing (1729-1781) - German writer, critic and philosopher, one of the Enlightenment movement in the 18th century. - translator With the advent of Schopenhauer, the philosopher's mission to determine value began, but it was always dominated by the theory of happiness.This is the ideal of pessimism. <463> My forerunner is Schopenhauer.I deepened pessimism and brought it into my senses by discovering its highest opposite. And then: Europeans at the top, precursors of great politics. Then: the Greeks and their origins.