Chapter 40 40 school

At the beginning of the article, it said: "Study while learning from time to time, isn't it also said (joy)?" I think this refers to learning while gaining something to say, because Confucius said that his own learning experience is "I have five out of ten and I am determined to learn" Therefore, aspiring to learn is not to start learning, and it may not be fun to start learning.But we have to learn. The reason is conceivable. Man is ordered by heaven not only to live, but also to live well. To live, he must be capable. To live well, he must especially be able. ), except for a very few, such as breathing, feeding, etc., all come from learning.There are many kinds of learning and learning methods, one of which is common and basic, which we are all familiar with and using, is the school system of various levels and types.Here we mainly talk about this form of learning.

This form of learning is ancient.For example, there are itch and preface at the low level, and Guozixue and Taixue at the high level.It is common in ancient and modern times because we have to divide labor and cooperate: for example, it is division of labor to ask someone to teach advanced mathematics (not everyone knows advanced mathematics), and it is cooperation for the children of each family to gather in one place to learn (it can save in many ways).This form has developed to the present and has mainly become a three-level system of primary school, middle school, and university.The main thing is that there was a kindergarten before elementary school, and the activities also had learning elements.After college, there are further study methods for graduate students.From small to medium to large is the most common way to learn.Generally, is it best?Hard to say.On the one hand, we have to admit that this form is not perfect.There are many reasons, such as it is not easy to adapt to the lack of talent; sometimes, there are problems with courses, teaching methods, and teachers.But there is another aspect, that is, at least for now, we are not yet capable of doing something else.We can't do something else, we have no choice but to make use of it, that is to say, try to make it from small to medium to large.We talk about fighting for it because, speaking of individuals, it is possible to achieve it, but speaking of all, it is still impossible for the time being.One of the reasons for the impossibility is that there is an opportunity to grow from small to medium, but he is unwilling to take this path.This is influenced by the trend of the times. Some people think that it is easier to get rich if you don't take this road; and getting rich has become the only valuable thing in the minds of a large number of people.This is a big problem, or even serious, so I won't discuss it here.We only talk about learning with conditions, and how we should use this condition; and because the small and medium have the same nature and are different from the big, we will talk about the small and medium first, and then talk about the big.

The primary and secondary stages are the most important, because what you learn is common sense, a tool, or in general, the basis for coping with all aspects of life and developing in all directions.Talk about the reason for this emphasis.Common sense is simple, but it has a wide range of aspects and is close to life, so it is the most important.Take geography as an example. As a modern Chinese, if the earth is a planet in the solar system and the general situation of the countries in the world is not known, there will always be many difficulties in coping with life in modern society, right?Tools, such as the ability to use language and the ability to count, are used almost all the time, so they are also very important.And with the ability in this area, you can stay on the defensive and make progress (for example, if you learn a foreign language, you can go on to engage in some kind of specialized research), even if the journey is not smooth, you can move forward relatively easily.

Let's talk about how to learn.It’s hard to talk about many details, but only two principles that should be paid attention to: one is the purpose, seek more; the other is the method, be diligent.Diligence, whether you can see the effect as you wish, cannot be free from the restrictions of many objective conditions. For example, reading more is limited by the collection of books in the library, and the time after class is limited by the teaching materials and teaching methods. Not a problem, just talk about the situation and benefits of seeking more, and seeking more includes a lot of content.One is that there is a wide range of knowledge, and some courses are not a problem. If there are no courses, as long as they are common sense, you should also learn them.The second is a certain subject, and the amount of knowledge should be moderately large. For example, some classical works are taught in middle school classes, and it is best to find a history of Chinese literature after class.The third is instrumental, such as modern Chinese, classical Chinese, and a foreign language. We should try our best to be familiar with it and be able to use it.Of course, there is a difference in the degree of being able to use it. For example, in modern Chinese, one must be able to write; in classical Chinese, one must be able to read works that are generally not too difficult;The above abilities are mainly cultivated by reading and miscellaneous reading, so it is best to develop the habit of loving reading from the upper grades of elementary school.The ability to write and speak also needs to be developed through more practice, so in addition to being diligent with your eyes, you also need to be diligent with your hands and mouth.As the saying goes, there is a saying of diligence. It can be seen that, at least in the early days, diligence will not be as comfortable as idleness.This requires, apart from a firm ambition, to understand an important learning principle, which is: Habits can dilute or even eliminate hardships, and gradually cultivate interest. When interest is generated, any difficult activity can also become a pleasure. Therefore, it can be said that seeking It's not hard to do more.

Ask for much; what good is it?Generally speaking, it is like a building with a good foundation, on which tall buildings and pavilions can be and easily built.In detail, it can be divided into three types.One is to favor the proximity of certainty or the strength of qualifications.Human beings can’t be all-encompassing. As the facts show, some people are good at mathematics but lack poetic talent. Whether it is for the sake of individuals or society, we should let those who are good at mathematics study science, and those who are more talented in poetry go engaged in literature and art.However, it is not easy to see what the nature is good at before starting school. If you learn more, for example, the school curriculum is only a limited number of subjects, and they are all too simple, you can supplement in both categories and quantities, which is conducive to early determination. Nearly, the director of qualifications; after that, you can avoid its shortcomings and develop its strengths.The second is beneficial to use.The result of learning more is more knowledge and more ability, so whether it is for further education or employment, of course, you can cope with it.The third is conducive to development.Development refers to two situations, one is to enter a higher school and continue to study, and the other is to get a job. There is no end to learning, and you must continue to study in your spare time.No matter what the situation is, the capital of learning is strong. Let’s take language as an example. For example, in addition to modern Chinese, you can also master classical Chinese and a foreign language. In elementary school and middle school, I did not read too little, but I was biased, that is, not enough.The result is that modern Chinese and classical Chinese can be passed, but English and mathematics cannot be passed.After entering university and graduating from university, I studied Western philosophy for a period of time. I had to read the original text of some works, and then felt that I had not learned English well and had to make up for it. Modern philosophy is closely related to science (the most typical is mathematical logic), and I regretted that mathematics did not learn well.So for many years I.I am anxious to think, especially in elementary and middle schools, whether the success of education should be measured by whether students learn more.

Let alone the university stage.It is not yet possible for everyone to enter university, but this is always the goal towards which a modern civilized country should tend.Universities cultivate professional talents, and it is of course not a problem for them to focus on a corner of their studies after enrolling.What I want to talk about here is that while seeking expertise, you should also seek more.There are more than two aspects.On the one hand, it is seeking in-depth within the professional scope.The university's professional courses are limited, and learning should not be satisfied with this limitation.Take studying the history of your country as an example. As far as I know, listening to lectures in class is all about generalizations and opinions. Some people have graduated in a few years without even reading it through.On the other hand, it is seeking a doctorate outside the professional scope.Bo does not require proficiency in all aspects, but requires rich common sense, and the abilities that modern civilized people should have are generally not bad.What is common sense?My experience is, macroscopically, the Milky Way is just one of countless galaxies, and its diameter is tens of thousands of light-years, which is common sense, and how to calculate it is not common sense; microscopically, there are electrons, elementary particles, etc. .As for ability, the most common thing is to have the ability to think, have affection, and be able to express it clearly in words.To put it bluntly, there are quite a few people who have graduated from college and passed the courses, but it is far from enough to use this standard of asking for more.This is a loss both personally and socially.Here we only talk about individuals. In order to avoid regretting it too late, we must strive to go to school and try our best to learn as much as possible.