Chapter 2 Text-1

I think it is very interesting to talk about Wang Guowei's "Review of a Dream of Red Mansions" now, because our year 2004 is the 100th year since Mr. Wang Guowei published his "Review of a Dream of Red Mansions".Mr. Wang Guowei's "Review of a Dream of Red Mansions" was first published in 1904, so I said it was a hundred years ago, in 1904, it was the 30th year of Emperor Guangxu of the Qing Dynasty, and Mr. Wang Guowei was born in the third year of Guangxu in the Qing Dynasty. So he published this article when he was only 27 years old.As for Wang Guowei, when I was studying him, I wrote that it was Mr. Wang Guowei's character.In terms of Mr. Wang Guowei's personality, I think he has several characteristics. The first characteristic is wisdom and emotion;This character with both wisdom and emotion has its advantages and disadvantages.Because he is both intelligent and emotional, when he studies literature, on the one hand, he has intuitive, perceptual, and emotional experience and investment, and on the other hand, he can build a theoretical system for literary criticism, which is a combination of intelligence and emotion. The endowment of victory.In addition, he has a second characteristic, which is that he himself is melancholy and pessimistic. He once wrote "Jing An Anthology", which is one of his anthologies. There is a sequel to "Jing An Anthology". He wrote a preface by himself, and he said this himself, he said "weak physique", he himself said that his body is usually very weak, not a person with a strong body, "weak physique, and melancholy".And his temperament is more melancholy.Therefore, the problem of life is "in front of me day by day", which is the meaning of life and the value of life. Some people like to think about the ultimate purpose and meaning of life, while some people just eat, live, and work every day. In real life, little consideration is given to the problems of life.But Mr. Wang Guowei himself said that he likes to think about the problems of life, and his personality is relatively melancholy, so when he came into contact with Schopenhauer's philosophy in the West, he was immediately attracted by Schopenhauer's pessimistic philosophy up.And the article "Comments on A Dream of Red Mansions" was written when he was indulging in Schopenhauer's philosophy.From Schopenhauer's point of view, he believes that the formation of life and the world is mainly about will, and will is your desire to live, and everything is formed from this.Therefore, Schopenhauer's philosophy believes that the ultimate ideal of life is to seek a kind of liberation, and Wang Guowei's "Comment on a Dream of Red Mansions" was written when he was reading Schopenhauer's philosophy, so it can be said that he wrote the whole article This theory is the whole article of Wang Guowei's Commentary on A Dream of Red Mansions.He is based on Schopenhauer's philosophy, and the article "A Commentary on A Dream of Red Mansions" is divided into five chapters.

He said that the nature of life is desire, and life, desire, and pain are the combination of the three.Lao Tzu once said, "The great trouble of man is that I have a body." He said that one of the greatest pains in life is because you have your body and your body, so you have all kinds of wishes.According to Schopenhauer's philosophy, after you have a desire, you are pursuing, and pursuing is a kind of pain.Of course it is pain if you pursue it but fail, even if you pursue it and get satisfaction, after you are satisfied, you will be bored, and boredom is also a pain.That's why Lao Tzu said, "The great trouble of man is that I am pregnant."Zhuangzi also said that the "big piece" is the heaven, earth and the universe, "the big piece carries me to form, and works for me to live".It gives us a body, and uses all kinds of toil and sorrow in life to form our painful life.So the meaning of life lies in pursuing a kind of liberation, which is Schopenhauer's philosophy.Wang Guowei used his philosophy to comment, so his first chapter talked about the desire of life, and pursued the liberation of this desire.

Wang Guowei said, "If you eat and drink men and women, your great desires will survive."In fact, the article "Gaozi" in "Mencius" once said that "food and sex are also sexual." "Food" means food and drink, and "color" means men and women.Because human beings are, we are human beings born in the universe, human beings are what we are born with, and we cannot escape.Diet is the continuation of your individual life, and men and women are the continuation of the life of your race.So in other words, life means that you are born with an instinct to survive. Your individual survival and the survival of your race are born with this instinct.But Wang Guowei believes that he said that life really has a purpose, the universe gives us this instinct to pursue survival, and the pursuit of survival, life is indeed meaningful.Pursuing this question, he argues that life is primitive and meaningless, without purpose.He said that from the perspective of religious philosophy, Christianity said that Adam and Eve tasted the forbidden fruit in the forbidden garden and were produced by sin.So he said, life is how to escape from your pain.We all may not fully agree with Wang Guowei's statement that life has no purpose, life is meaningless, life is the desire to survive, and with the desire to survive, Zhuangzi said: "The big block carries me in form, Work for me to live", since you have survival, you are in trouble and toil all day long for your personal survival and the survival of your race. This is Wang Guowei's idea.We don't necessarily sympathize with his thinking, but he was influenced by Schopenhauer, thinking that life is desire, pain, and meaningless.So he looked at it from this point of view, from Schopenhauer's point of view.

What is the meaning and value of the spirit?the spirit of.