On December 3, 1877, Wang Guowei, a master of Chinese studies in the modern history of our country, was born in Haining, Zhejiang.Wang Guowei's mother died unfortunately when he was 3 years old, his father died when he was 29 years old, and his stepmother and wife passed away one after another when he was 30 years old. Major family changes have added a lot of life experience to this introverted and unsociable Wang Guowei since he was a child.At this time, Wang Guowei was under tremendous psychological pressure of not being able to find a way out at the time of the national crisis. When the old imperial examination system failed, he went to Shanghai alone.There, he came into contact with western philosophy and was deeply infected by the pessimistic philosophy of life of the German voluntarist philosopher Schopenhauer. Worried about the national crisis, he realized that in order to save the country, he must learn advanced Western ideas, especially Western philosophical thought to transform national thought.Schopenhauer believes that "life exists because of the will, and in reality the will cannot be satisfied, so life is painful."Influenced by him, Wang Guowei believes that "only when people know the pain can they rise up and avoid numbness". In 1904, he published "Comments on A Dream of Red Mansions" after painful thinking. In this article, he used Schopenhauer's pessimistic philosophy to interpret the tragic fate of the characters. Wei's experience of suffering in life, his worries about the decline of the country's fate, and his lament for the people's numbness and optimism.

Some people commented on Wang Guowei's "A Dream of Red Mansions", saying that it is Wang Guowei's work that truly combines literature and philosophy, and comprehensively and systematically expounds his voluntarism and pessimistic philosophy of life.Wang Guowei explained the spirit of the spirit from the analysis of the essence of life.He believes that both individuals and races are for the continuation of life, and the essence of life is desire.Wang Guowei's self-sinking is inseparable from his pessimistic philosophy of life. When he discussed the aesthetic value in "A Dream of Red Mansions", he praised it as a tragedy among tragedies.In his view, the tragedy of the fate of the characters in the novel is inevitable, and the spirit of the novel lies in the fact that it teaches people the way of liberation and truly reveals the painful truth of life.Regardless of the far-fetched and wishful thinking, he used Schopenhauer's philosophy to explain it, which was also his own expression of the misery and despair of life at that time.