Chapter 81 A Major Problem in the Study of "A Dream of Red Mansions"

origin In 1979, Yu Yingshi of the United States published an article in Hong Kong, proposing the theory of "two worlds" and "red revolution".Yu’s argument is to criticize and belittle the existing schools of research on Hongxue, and believes that those schools are useless, at least to the point where “there is no way out” and “there is no way out”, and a “Redology revolution” should or has already appeared.The two articles are not short, but the gist of them is to advocate this quite touching "revolution". In recent years, in my humble opinion, the situation of red academic circles seems to be prosperous, but in fact there are not many new achievements. It really needs a new situation to gradually unfold to meet everyone's expectations.This imagined new situation is probably what many people call a "breakthrough"—maybe it is what Yu called a "revolution," right?

Academic research has experienced the development and evolution of time, with quantitative and qualitative changes. Sooner or later, there will be "breakthroughs" or "revolutions".Therefore, advocating the "Red Studies Revolution" should be welcomed and responded to.Certain phenomena in red academic circles contain a large number of long writings of "staying still" and "fried cold rice"-this is the discussion of the masses.Then come a "revolution", sweep away the old disadvantages and make new ones, that is the best event. However, the premise of Yu's "revolution theory" is his "two world theory".The so-called two worlds mean to the effect that: the life in Rongguo Mansion in this book is real; while the life in Grand View Garden is fictional—that is, ideal.That is nothing more than the author's "Utopia", an illusory world where thoughts are placed.Yu went on to conclude: Grand View Garden and "Taixu Illusion" have different names but the same quality.His "essence of famous sayings" is: "The Grand View Garden is not in the world, but in the sky; it is not a reality, but an ideal. More precisely, the Grand View Garden is an illusion." He also used the term "clean world" to mean He also thought it was the "world" for the comparison set up by Rongning and Ningfu to pollute the world.

Yu’s intention is to say: Hongxue should study this “novel” from the perspective of “literary creation” instead of historical elucidation, textual research or other things, so it must be “revolutionary”. This view of Yu's even influenced architects to think that the Second Mansion is realism, while the First Garden is "fictional" and so on.It can be seen how great the influence is on literature and art. How should we treat the arguments of "two worlds" and "red school revolution"?In academic discussions, it is the only good way to express their own opinions and contend among a hundred schools of thought.Therefore, without thinking about ignorance, I try to write out my personal views, and teach them to Fangjia at home and abroad, so as to test them.

This article is intended to be divided into: 1. The "nature" of the Grand View Garden; 2. The meaning of the name of the Grand View Garden; 3. What is the theme of the Grand View Garden; 4. The sense of reality of the Grand View Garden; On the one hand, he is rude and contemptuous. 1. The "nature" of the Grand View Garden Understanding is inseparable from the Grand View Garden.The Grand View Garden cannot be equated with the direct path, but it is also the main part of the garden, and it is the place that people yearn for.Therefore, the Grand View Garden has already become a "common talk of old people".Although many people still talk about it, it is easy to arouse a kind of "statement" and "cliché".But in fact, it is still a big question mark how people know and research it so far.If we want to talk about this topic, the most intelligent attitude and approach may not be the kind of great "authority" trend that is often seen in the self-confident, arrogant, and frivolous tone, but should be honest and serious. Really act as Cao Xueqin's elementary school students, do some learning and thinking.Because if you want to "tour" this famous garden, you must seek the key from Xueqin's works, instead of seeking the way to get started from your own "ideal".Let me take three or five key points as an example. We might as well try to review Xueqin's original text, arouse our existing memories, and trigger rethinking and deep pondering when we re-understand it now.

First, what kind of "nature" is the Grand View Garden?Everyone talks about east and west, about the world, about heaven, about truth and fantasy.I think we have to listen carefully to Xueqin's original words, only that can be accurate. The first chapter of the "Jiaxu Version" explained in detail the whereabouts of Shi Shi's descent to the world, and there are very clear words: (Monk and Daoist) First, he talked about clouds, mountains, seas of mist, gods and fantasy, and then he talked about the prosperity and wealth in the world of mortals. Hearing this stone, he couldn't help but move everyone's heart, and wanted to go to the world to enjoy the glory and wealth. ... Then spit out people's words, ... I asked (heard or asked) the two of you to talk about the glory and prosperity of the world, and I earnestly admired it. …With the disciples, you can enter the world of mortals, and enjoy a few years in the rich and gentle village. ... The Second Immortal Master listened to Bi Qihan and said with a smile: ... there are some joys in the world of mortals, but they can't be relied on forever, ... in an instant, they are extremely happy and sad, and people are not exchanged for things.

Please read Qin Wenming's narrative, the words are clear: the place that the stone yearns for is the world, the world of mortals, the place of wealth, the prosperous environment, and the hometown of gentleness and happiness.This point is so clear that any attempt to misinterpret it is useless.Follow up: Then I’ll take you there—a prosperous and prosperous state (Zhibian: Fu Chang’an Dadu), a family of poems and ceremonies and tassels (Zhizhu: Fu Rongguo Mansion), a place of prosperous flowers and willows (Zhizhu: Fu Daguan Garden), gentle and rich The hometown (Zhibian: Fuziyunxuan), go to settle down and work in peace.

So far, the "coordinates" of the Grand View Garden have been determined inextricably: it is the world, it is the world of mortals, it is a capital, it is a famous family, it is a garden, it is a pavilion.The four levels are neat and orderly, but what is the nature of the Grand View Garden as a place?Do you still have to waste your time? The "property" of the Grand View Garden is a place of flourishing flowers and willows.The corresponding sentence of "in Suben" preserved in Leningrad today is written as "a prosperous place of flowers and brocades".It is also worth noting that "flower brocade" means clusters of brocade flowers. When Qin Keqing entrusted a dream to Sister Feng, it foretells that "there will be another very happy event in the near future. It is really a fire cooking oil and flowers blooming in brocade".It can be seen that "the prosperous land of flowers and brocades" is different from writing wrong notes, and it is the echoing text and interpretation of "flowers and brocades".

In short, the Grand View Garden is a place of prosperity and glory in the world, that is, a place where Shitou can "enjoy" his "pleasures" - this place forms the strongest contrast with Shitou's original residence under the Qinggeng Peak of Dahuang Mountain .Listen to Xueqin's original words: (Concubine Jia) I saw cigarettes lingering in the garden, colorful flowers, lanterns and flowers everywhere, and the sound of music from time to time; I can't say enough about the peaceful atmosphere, rich and romantic!At this moment (Shi Shi) thought back to how desolate and lonely he was in the Dahuang Mountain and under the Qinggeng Peak. If it wasn't thanks to the lame monk and the lame road who brought him here, how could he have seen such a world? (Chapter Eighteen)

Excuse me, isn't the place at Qinggeng Peak a "fairyland" that ordinary people can't think of but can't get?Contrasted with it today is the new place of the highest level of wealth and romance in the world.This is the most fundamental nature of the Grand View Garden.This point is the key point of the first chapter of the whole book.As long as you want to talk about the Grand View Garden, you have to keep it in mind. 2. What is the original meaning of "Grand View"? Now that the nature of the garden has been clarified, what are its characteristics?What is the meaning of the name of the garden "Daguan"?Making this clear can avoid many entanglements and make the "nature" more obvious.If you want to explain "Daguan", you don't need to quote any words or sentences, or how many pavilions and buildings in the world have been named after this word, and so on.A pedantic list is of little use to us on this topic at this time.What we still need is Xueqin's own confession.

This answer is not complicated. It is clearly stated in a seven-character quatrain written by Concubine Jia after Youxing: It takes a lot of work to build a building with mountains and rivers in it!There are all kinds of scenery in the sky and on earth, and Fangyuan Zhuangxi Grand View is famous. This poem is divided into two aspects to explain why the name "Grand View" is chosen: first, it is artificially constructed by taking advantage of the natural beauty of mountains and rivers.This meaning is what Daiyu said in her poem: "Borrowing the beautiful mountains and rivers, adding new scenery." This condition is the fundamental feature of "Grand View". ——Of course, it is also the general criterion of Chinese garden thought and art.The second layer is to further explain: the dual characteristics of the royal garden and the private garden of the subjects are arranged between the ingenuity of the workmanship. "Heavenly" specifically refers to the royal family. In my book "Prince Gong's Mansion and <Dream of Red Mansions>", I have given good evidence of the poems of the Ming and Qing Dynasties, and those who do not understand the meaning of this word have misunderstood this common-sense word. .In addition to misinterpreting "heaven" as the divine residence of heaven, there is also a "fairyland".This term also misleads many people. They think that since Daiyu's poem says "Where is the famous garden built, the fairyland is far from the world of mortals", doesn't it just mean that this garden is different from the "human world"?But when discussing things and researching articles, it is most taboo to take them out of context.In Daiyu's poem, the first two sentences are followed by "Borrowing beautiful mountains and rivers, adding new scenery", which is the footnote of "Fairyland", talking about the beauty of mountains and rivers, which makes this garden almost unlike the world. That's why I said below: "Xiangrong Jingu wine, flowers are charming to people in Yutang." Compared with the Jingu Garden of Shi Chong's family, the richest man in the Jin Dynasty, it is just the wealth of the world and the uniqueness of the mortal world. wade.

If this misunderstanding can be avoided, we will naturally be able to better appreciate the true meaning of the Grand View Garden. 3. Qinfang——a master key But "Grand View" is the "literature" of this garden, and it also has a "character gall" hidden in it. Please pay attention to it, this is "Bi Fang". The word "Qinfang", its origin and origin, I will briefly talk about it first; and it itself has dual meanings of "outside" and "inside", which needs to be explained clearly. On the surface, Qinfang was originally named for a pavilion, but in fact the stream, bridge, gate, and pavilion are named "Qinfang", which shows its importance.The pavilion is on the bridge, so it was built by "pressing water", and it is the first main scene after entering the park, so the main eye should be dyed with the artistic conception of "water".The conception of the title was triggered by Ouyang Xiu's "Drunkard's Pavilion".At the beginning of this record, it is said that Chuzhou is surrounded by mountains, but the southwest is especially beautiful, with beautiful forests and valleys.Please pay attention to the word "Xiu", not only Lin Daiyu used it, but also Li Gongcai's "Xiu Shui Ming Shan hugs back, romantic and literary talent surpasses Penglai", also used it. (Ou Gong's original sentence is "Wei Ran Shenxiu". In the early years, there was an ancient garden opposite the gate of Yenching University, which was named Weixiu Garden, and it was also derived from this.) In this scenic spot in the southwest, there is a spring with gurgling sounds that flows between the two peaks. Therefore, Jia Zheng proposed to use the word "Xie".Yiqing Ke then drafted the word "Xieyu".Baoyu felt that it was too rough and did not conform to the "responsive system" of Yuan concubine's return to the province, so he changed the name to "Qinfang".Elegance and vulgarity are high and low, and there is a clear opinion.Jia Zheng nodded with a smile and twisted his beard without saying a word—this is an expression of 12 points of appreciation! The world generally sees it, and it is probably the same, because it is indeed New Athens, which is very different from mediocrity, but I don’t know that here, through the words, there is hidden Xueqin’s superb ingenuity and greatness. It turns out that this is the "lifeblood" of the whole garden, which symbolizes the ending and destination of the women living in the whole garden! Xueqin wrote, why do you want to feature a Grand View Garden?According to Zhiyanzhai's comment, "It's only for the burial of flowers and tombs." The "scenery" of "flowers" - this has been painted, acted, and turned into a very tacky trick.To understand the deep meaning of Xueqin, you must not forget the following points: (1) "Baoyu is the culmination of Zhuyan (according to the word "Yanyan Tongbei"), so the Grand View Garden faces the forehead, and the postscript must be inscribed by Brother Yu." (The 17th general batch) Baoyu witnessed Qunfang personally The general witness of Zhu Yan's unfortunate ending, his title "Qin Fang" has no deep meaning. (2) After Baoyu and Zhu Yan moved into the garden, the first plot scene they wrote was late spring and March. I just read "The Story of the West Chamber" to the line "the red falls into an array", and the wind blows the flowers and falls, and it really forms an array. Because I couldn't bear to trample on the falling red all over the ground, I collected the flower pieces and threw them into the Qinfang River, so that thousands of residual reds would flow away with the melting and rippling stream. ——This is the justice of "Qinfang". (3) Although Daiyu said that it is still unclean outside the garden, it is better to set up another flower tomb, but Xueqin still asked her to listen to the heart-stirring song "Flowers Falling into Water and Flowing Red" outside the wall of Lixiangyuan, and Reminiscent of the words and phrases of predecessors such as "flowing water, falling flowers and spring gone", I can't help but feel heartbroken and unable to stand up. Let me ask: why did he write these things?Many people only focus on writing about Daiyu's state of mind, but they don't realize that under Xueqin's wonderful pen, all these are for the purpose of making a living footnote for the word "Qinfang". Qinfang, literally unique and novel, is actually another phrase for "the flowers fall into the water and the water flows red".But simpler and more reserved.The running water drifts away from Luohong, which is a general symbol. Zhu Yan gathers in the Grand View Garden, and in the end, it is just like the colorful fallen flowers, with the residual red in a mess.The fall of Qunfang is all "stained" by the stream and dies with it! This is the master key to reading. Behind the literal meaning of Xueqin's "sweet and glamorous", his greatest sorrow and deepest thoughts are always concealed. Qinfang, the flowers fall into the water and flow red, and the flowing water falls into the flowers and the spring goes away. This is the real eye of the Grand View Garden, that is, the new elegant and sad theme of the whole book.In fact, this mystery was discovered by Xinrui Prince Chunying as early as the late Qianlong period. He wrote in a poem: The paper is full of babbles, and the blood and tears of the heroes are hard to stop. Infatuation can be turned into ashes everywhere, and stones are also worried when the illusion comes. It is only said that when spring returns, people are easy to grow old, but they don't know that the water still flows when the flowers fall. ... In Xueqin's book, it took "ten years of hard work" just for this magnificent and magnificent tragic theme. In the eyes of those who know it, every word is full of blood and tears.His general picture volume of "A Thousand Reds Cry" and "Wan Yan Same Sadness" also used a "love list" form at the end of the volume, from which he got the most peculiar enlightenment: write down the "Nine Grades" The rankings of the "Twelve Beauties"-principal, deputy, second deputy, third deputy, fourth deputy...and even eighth deputy, a total of 108 heroes, facing each other with the 108 green forest heroes. Compared! 4. Very realistic, this is the world The Grand View Garden is a place where "all the beauties return to their source", and Zhiyan also explained: "The Song of Burying Flowers" is "a verse of all beauties".The meaning of its novel is to "teach" the stone, so that it understands the miscalculation of longing for the wealth, prosperity, glory and tenderness of the world (this leads to the interpretation of Qinshu's old sayings with the vulgar thinking of "color and space concept"), But it is actually the aura of Xueqin's thoughts of valuing, loving, being human, and only being human. He regrets that the world is full of talents but not in the right place, not in the right time - not in use.He shed tears and vomited blood for these people, and wrote the record of "Stone" to replace mourning. This is the full connotation of the seemingly mere word "Qinfang". Although Xueqin used various ingenious artistic techniques to remind the world of the meaning of this theme, it is a pity that there are not many people in the future who understand it.The correct solution is lost, and Zhi Yi is on his own.In recent years, Yu has described the emergence of the Grand View Garden as a kind of "ideal world", and carried out the weak meaning of the single sentence and talked about the "red school revolution".It is only because of this that the words are sensational, which has attracted the eyes and ears and spread the influence for a while.Today, it has been more than ten years, and I am deeply ashamed to know how far this "revolutionary movement" has reached?In my humble opinion, one is the basis for this theory, and the other is the Western "utopia" concept to explain the cultural cognition of the Grand View Garden. Both of these cannot help but be scrutinized[Note], especially Xueqin The original book is used to verify the right and wrong. The "revolutionary faction" has judged "the end of the mountain" and "there is no way out" for the "textual research" from the "academic history". Therefore, I may be ridiculed as "poor without thinking" It’s changed, right? But if I regard the three different things of Grand View Garden, Illusory Realm, and Utopia as one concept, and assert that Xueqin’s book is to pursue a so-called “ideal world”, then I have no choice but to invite Xueqin.” Attend to testify": (1) Once Jia Yun wanted to enter the garden to ask to see Baoyu, Baoyu sent his nanny Li Mama to lead him in.When Hongyu took the opportunity to inquire about Nanny Li, Li Bian replied: "...but what happened to Brother Yun and Brother Yu!... Let Shangfang know, but it's not good!" A middle-aged man, Shangfang (at Mrs. Jia Zhengwang's office) is also under investigation and surveillance. (2) The florist will enter the garden to plant trees, and he will inform the whole garden the day before that the maids are not allowed to run around or dry (shoes, feet and underwear)-this was the purpose in the old days that outsiders and men were not allowed to enter. (3) Qingwen was ill, and to save trouble, she hid the truth from the housekeeper and asked a doctor to see her privately. She also had to call her sister-in-law Li Wan to clear the customs, but she had already sent orders to all the women to avoid it. As a result, Doctor Hu Bai went in and out, but didn't even see a woman! "Doctor Hu thought he was seeing a doctor for the young lady, and the mother-in-law laughed and said, 'You are such a new doctor. You entered the embroidery room of the young lady so easily!?'" (4) Usually, the maids in each house take needlework as an inevitable daily lesson (the illustrations in the whole book are here). Once, Biyue from Li Wan's office came to Yihong Courtyard early in the morning, and saw Fang Guan and others playing around on the kang , It was very lively, because she said: Our grandma doesn't play tricks, so even the two aunts (Wen, Qi) and Miss Qin were also given to "Bin".It can be seen that the maids have no way to play, so they are very deserted.This fully shows that, outside of Yihong Courtyard, even jokes are uncommon. ——Actually, even Yihong Courtyard is not really "free".Once the big maids were late talking and laughing at night, the old mother outside "warned": Girls go to sleep, let's talk tomorrow! (5) Once Liu Wu'er (just a little girl) wanted to enter the garden to find Fang Guan privately, but was met by the inspectors of the garden, interrogated and interrogated, and placed under house arrest.Wu'er was so wronged and angry that he fell ill.Girls are not allowed to mix in, let alone boys? ——Baoyu's most "close" little boy, Mingyan, can only "probe his head" outside the second door, and can't get in. territory"). (6) Qunfang Night Banquet Shou Yihong, this time can be regarded as "freedom" and "ideal", right?But you have to wait for Zhayuan, Zhayuan is very verbose, deal with it before you dare to close the courtyard, and you have to have a sister-in-law as the "backbone" before you dare to invite people, sit in a row, remove your makeup, and then dare to eat wine.As for the song, it was the "crazy state" after being drunk, and the next day when I mentioned it, I would cover my face in embarrassment! There is no need to talk about it anymore, readers can recall and understand the remaining examples.This kind of "world", some people experience an "ideal" from it.I am deeply ashamed that I do not have this intelligence.When I read it, I just felt that the Grand View Garden was very realistic—and also very strict. The sisters never saw any "off-track activities" except for "whimsical" troubles with the "Poetry Club" once or twice.Baoyu's "new life" when he entered the garden was nothing more than "reading, writing, playing the piano and playing chess, painting and reciting poems, even depicting luan and phoenix, smelling grass and hairpin flowers, singing softly, and guessing characters."This "ideal" "world" is actually managed by women. When it comes to "economic benefits", no grass or flower is allowed to be harvested casually.The old lady entertained Grandma Liu and led her to see the situation in the "ideal world". As expected, grandma also got her "ideal" in the northeast corner and drunk in the Yihong Courtyard, right?In fact, when the author Cao Xueqin wrote about this garden, it was cold even in winter, and it was inconvenient for the sisters to go out of the garden to eat in the upper room. Therefore, a small kitchen was set up. The women's greed for drinking and gambling, resulting in many rapes and robbers, etc., is a great key point in the whole book.Xueqin's pen is clear about all of this. The whole is the reality of life in the world, and it is by no means "heaven", nor "clean", and there is no "ideal" at all.If someone has this understanding, it can only be his personal matter, and cannot be attributed to the author Xueqin, let alone a "research revolution". Fifth, the ups and downs are the theme The most recited line in Kong Dongtang's book is "seeing him getting up from the building, seeing him entertaining guests-seeing his building collapse" at the end of the volume!When Cao Xueqin wrote about the Grand View Garden, did he have the sense of "momentary prosperity" that Kong Dongtang did?Don't dare to speak nonsense.But seeing how he writes about being cold in the "lively" can also give us some insight.The seventieth book (a few sentences quoted in the previous article), the bright side is Taohuashe and Liuxu Ci, which seems to be still a school of "pleasure", but in fact, the pen and ink are written about the scattered characters of "gathering and dispersing", the ups and downs of prosperity and decline. Character.This time, at the beginning of the book, Fangguan and the other four "get up early in the morning" and play "wrapped together" on the kang in the outhouse. Just when Li Wan sent Biyue to come, seeing this scene, he said, "You guys are lively here." , Baoyu asked her that there are many of you, why are you not stubborn?She replied: Our grandma is not stubborn, so she also kept two aunts (girls) together, Miss Heqin.Now that Miss Qin went with the old lady, she was even more lonely.The two aunts (girls) have passed this year, and they will both go next winter, and they will be even more lonely!Look at Miss Bao's place, if you go out for a Xiangling, how deserted it is! ?Put a cloud girl on the list. Look at Xueqin's pen, it is this that makes you unconsciously lead into the situation where the Grand View Garden is about to disappear.As early as the twenty-eighth chapter, Baoyu heard Daiyu sobbing and reciting "The Song of Burying Flowers" on the hillside, and heard the sentence "Once the spring is gone, the beauty will grow old, and the flowers will fall and people will die." Falling down, the petals in my pocket were scattered all over the ground: Just imagine Lin Daiyu's beautiful face, when there will be nowhere to be found in the future, I would rather be heartbroken!Since Daiyu is finally nowhere to be found, it can be pushed to others, such as Baochai, Xiangling, Xiren, etc., until the time is nowhere to be found.When Baochai and others are finally nowhere to be found, how will you be at ease?And I don't know where I am going, and I don't know whose surname it belongs to!So one and two, two and three, repeatedly deduced and went, I really don't know at this moment, why do I want to wait for a beetle, I don't know it, escape from the great creation, get out of the dust net, so that this sorrow can be relieved? Try to see that all kinds of feelings are all the great pain of life and death, the so-called "my story of joys and sorrows, the old traces of the cold world" (the first chapter of the stone from the cloud), it does not go away.As Hongyu said, "There is no feast that never ends without a long shed for thousands of miles", "It's only three or five years, and each has gone to his own way. Who will guard the other for the rest of his life!?" The crowning touch of the big picture.We read, the more we get to the second half of the page, the more "lively" it can't match the desolate atmosphere. Until the seventy-ninth chapter, Yingchun is married, and Mrs. Xing ordered her to move out of the Grand View Garden. Baoyu "so went to Zilingzhou every day. Wandering around and looking around, I saw that the window was lonely, but there were only a few old women who should be in the class at night. Looking at the Polygonum flowers and reed leaves on the bank, and the green celery and water chestnut in the pool, I also felt shaking and falling, as if recalling an old person.” .Then refer to the later Xiaoxiang Pavilion's "Falling leaves are rustling, cold smoke is deserted" in Xueqin's original text that Zhiyan saw—all these are connected, and it is not difficult to appreciate what the Grand View Garden should be like later.In the meantime, what is Xueqin's intention and purpose?Is it using the Grand View Garden to express the ideal world that I suppose to pursue?Some people think that Shitou and Xueqin are two different things, so Shitou's "ideal" is to enjoy the wealth and prosperity of the world, and the "world" Shitou yearns for is originally the world of mortals and the mundane world.Stone had no other "ideal" to speak of.But what kind of "real world" does Xueqin express through it?I can't answer the above questions.Therefore, I am deeply ashamed of my stupidity. My feeling is still the grief of a great change in ups and downs, rather than the disillusionment of gains and losses in an ideal world. "It's an illusion, it's a vacuum to go through." The real is gone, and the pursuit is like a dream.But how did the Grand View Garden be built?The Tao is "Golden Wan's Two Viewing Stalls" ("Qi Xuben" poem after returning), "If you save your relatives again, I'm afraid you will be poor" (Jia Zhen and Wu Jin's filial speech).This is also a very practical issue. It is completely different from a castle in the air, which can be "illusioned" by "breathing". The stone was abandoned in the green ridge of the barren mountain, and with the help of monks and Taoists, it was taken to the "Taixu Illusion" and registered, and then it was reborn and grew up in the Grand View Garden of Rongguo Mansion.What Shitou longs for is the prosperity of the world, so how could he come to the "ideal world"?If the Grand View Garden, the illusory world, and the ideal world are considered to be the same, there is a question of logical argument here. Has the Lizhu been explored and the original purpose of Qin has been obtained?In my opinion, it is better to do more research and research on the basic skills in many aspects of Chinese culture, and less to introduce foreign cultures.6. How the "Illusionary Realm" came about Xueqin created many original things, but the Illusory Realm is the most special one among them. In his works, this "Illusory Realm" has a sad meaning and is full of humor . As far as I know, the first person who pointed out the source of the artistic conception of "too illusory" in a work should be Deng Yunxiang's "Yanjing Fengtuji" (please refer to pages 3-5 of the book on the pailou ).I think his views are insightful. The so-called "Taixu illusion" was inspired by the idea of ​​Dongyue Temple (Tianqi Temple) outside Beijing's Chaoyang Gate. There is a hall of the king of hell on the first floor of the temple, and the two sides of the hall are the "seventy-two divisions" of the underworld. The statues of ghost soldiers in the temple are very fierce and terrifying (also mentioned in Xueqin's works), and they are organically enclosed and can be moved. , who once scared the pilgrims to death, everyone knows.The layout of Xueqin's "fantasy" is all modeled after this, there is a memorial archway outside the door, and there are "bad life" and "infatuation" and other "divisions" inside the gate; There is a "book of life and death" for life and death.I set up another "Taixu" and a "Jing", which are also divided into various divisions and have books, but I am in charge of my daughter's fate and contend with Taiwan. This meaning is also clearly revealed by a fat comment: Bodhisattvas and gods all exist because of monks and Taoism. They are used to enlighten (awaken) ordinary people, but they are not allowed to create too illusory illusions, so as to warn those who are emotional?Viewers hate its absurdity, while others like its novelty.There are those who build temples and pagodas to pray for blessings. Yu Jin intends to (start) to create a illusory world, which (seems to be) more meritorious than building seventy-two divisions. (The Fifth Chapter of "Jiaxu Version") This is ironclad evidence.Xueqin's original intention is both solemn and harmonious, and she always ridicules the bad habits of the world, most of them are like this.What's more, it was supposed to be "a pure place for daughters", but Xu Baoyu's "dirty things" came to visit; he not only "secretly taught obscenity", but also taught the descendants of Rong Ning's ancestors, made a name for himself, and devoted himself to economics!You can see that everything in itself is meant to be ridicule and ridiculous language, but it has been drawn into some kind of "ideal world".It's not easy to read, but all kinds of speculative words are added to confuse the eyes and ears, which makes things more troublesome. epilogue In summary, I cannot but doubt the credibility of the so-called "two worlds".The "Red Studies Revolution" advocated from the premise of this argument has not really been understood from the perspective of "literary creation".How much practical function and value does it have to use this point of view to oppose different schools of red studies (historical perspective, cultural level)?I thought it was highly debatable. ~~~~~~~~~~ [Note 1] In addition to plain and positive commentaries, there are also four categories of Zhipi: those with deep emotion, those with ridicule, those with hidden words and dark points, and those with a maze.Regarding the Grand View Garden, there are two criticisms, neither of which belong to the category of positive explanations: "The Grand View Garden is the Taixuxuan Realm of Brother Yu and Twelve Hairpins, how can it be hasty." He was fooled, and based on this, it was determined that the Grand View Garden is "equal" to the Taixu illusion, which is absurd and illusory.Little do they know that the previous one is just a game-like metaphor, otherwise, since it is an illusion, how can we not be hasty and have to draw a detailed picture?I can't speak for myself.The latter one is also pointed out in another Zhibiao in the same place: this is just a truncation method when the article is too long (Baoyu sees the archway, if he has seen it before, he is thinking, so he has no intention of chanting the title).Using only these two criticisms such as "smoke and cloud obscurity" and "blinding readers" as the basis for understanding and argumentation is actually very fragile and cannot stand any test. [Note 2] Chinese garden thinking is rooted in Taoism's return to nature, so mountains, forests, hills, and blessed land, caves and heavens are the most important. This is not often obtained, but it is in the house, like the wind god, to understand its meaning.It is not the same thing as Western utopian thoughts—often including political and social ideals, so there is no need to force them to be related. [Note 3] After Baoyu entered the garden, he was happy for a while, but suddenly he became unhappy, "This is not good, and that is not good. I am bored all day long, just fooling around outside."May I ask, since Baoyu has entered the "ideal world", why does he appear in this state again?How to explain? [Note 4] Jia Zheng's and Baoyu's "garden ideas" have similarities and differences, and Jia Zheng does not like too much artificial decoration.Baoyu criticizes that the design of Daoxiang Village is all man-made, which violates the principles of nature, but Jia Zheng is very unhappy.Jia Zheng's "ideal" is to "study on a moonlit night" and "think about returning to farming" in this garden.Tanchun's "ideal" is just one hill and one ravine, "some mountains dripping water", the small rewards the big.But none of this has anything to do with utopia. The only case that can be related to "utopia" is that in the seventeenth chapter, when the question was matched, a Qing guest proposed to call it "Wulingyuan" and "the old house of the Qin people", secretly using Tao Qian's "Journey of Blossoms". "The Code.However, Baoyu has already pointed out in his criticism that it is a political language of "avoiding chaos" and is also different from the so-called "ideal world". Xin Weiqiu wrote it in July at the Hongxuan Temple in the eastern suburbs of Yan City.Time Sitting tired with sick feet, leaning on the couch and grass, citing books cannot be checked, but the carelessness is there, so there will be no disparity.P.S.The fifth day of Renshen Xinzheng