Chapter 74 different news

Not long ago, Comrade Duan Qiming, a friend of Chengyou, provided a different version of the material, which is very valuable, so I wrote a small article for the reference of researchers. Let me talk about the whole story first.In the spring and summer of 1952, I came to Sichuan from Beijing to teach at the Department of Foreign Languages ​​of West China University in Chengdu, and settled in Huaxiba.The first visitor was Comrade Ling Daoxin. We were two-time classmates at Nankai Middle School and Yenching University. After the Pearl Bay incident, the schoolmates were separated. We had never heard of each other for more than ten years. Suddenly we met in Jincheng. He I have already been teaching at Huada University. It is really an unexpected encounter with an old friend from a foreign land.Since then, Huanhuaxishui, Shaoling Thatched Cottage, Wuhou Temple, and Xue Taojing Tomb have all been places where we traveled together.On the topic of advocating harmony, they also worked together on Chinese-English translations, and they got along very well.In the autumn of that year, the colleges were adjusted, and he went to the History Department of Southwest Normal University, Beibei, Chongqing; I went to the Foreign Languages ​​Department of Sichuan University, and I was still in Chengdu.During the Lantern Festival in 1954, Daoxin invited me to live in Beibei for a short stay. He prepared food and wine, and invited many professors who cared about red studies from the Teachers College to gather. I remember that there were Mr. Wu Mi, Sun Haibo, and Wu Zeyu among them.They treated each other warmly, and each talked about some anecdotes and information clues about Hongxue, which can be regarded as a moment of prosperity.

In the middle, Mr. Wu Zeyu focused on the different version recorded in Li Ciming's "Yuemantang Diary".He also said that there are still descendants of the "Zhu Lianpo Taishi" recorded by Li Shi, and this book may still be traced.It left a deep impression on me, and I will always miss it. In the early summer of 1954, I returned to Beijing.Later, Mr. Wu Zeyu was also transferred to Beijing to work in the Institute of Philosophy.Around June 1 and 1962, I asked Mr. Wu to recount the old talk for me in writing, and kept it as a reference for research. He wrote a letter in which he described in detail the names, characters, Education, occupation, experience, personality, demeanor, later whereabouts, whereabouts of the original....This long letter is a rare document and historical material. Unfortunately, due to an accident, many of the letters and materials were messed up, and I can't find them anymore.I just remember that the descendant of the Zhu family that Mr. Wu mentioned was his teacher in middle school. Books seem likely to fall here as well.

Later, I got to know Comrade Qiming, who was also interested in Hongxue. Coincidentally, he was also a teacher at Southwest Normal University.He went back to Beijing every winter to visit relatives. Once, when he was visiting, he mentioned the above-mentioned incident and asked him to pay attention to this clue in Chongqing. The matter was originally very slim, and it was just a thought of just in case.Unexpectedly, Qiming found out a clue later. When he went to Chongqing for business, he went to the Chongqing Library to investigate and visit.According to the comrades in the library, an article was found on the third page of Chongqing's "Xinmin Evening News" on November 24, 1946. .The full text is not long, so it is transcribed below:

In the book Dream of Red Mansions, everyone knows that the first 80 chapters were written by Cao Xueqin;The Yu family has 80 manuscripts of Dream of Red Mansions left by the ancestors, many of which are inconsistent with the current one. Unfortunately, this copy was left in a hurry when the capital fell at the beginning of the Anti-Japanese War, and it was too late to carry. .But I recall that the one that is obviously different from the current version is the death of Qin Keqing. The current chapter is titled "Qin Keqing died and sealed the Dragon Commander", while the transcript is titled "Qin Keqing went to Tianxiang Tower for adultery". The main idea in the book is that Jia Zhen and Qin Keqing had a tryst in Tianxiang Building, and asked a little girl to guard the door of the building, and if anyone came, she would inform her immediately, but the little girl fell asleep and dozed off, so Youshi bumped into her upstairs, Qin Keqing hanged herself in Tianxiang Tower in shame and indignation. After the incident, the little girl believed that the incident was caused by her infidelity, so she bumped into a step and died.According to the current version of the examination, after the death of the Qin family, the people of Rongfu and others heard about it, and they all sighed in amazement, with a sense of surprise and pity. The building, the place where the accident happened, and the other; Youshi said that he was not sick, Jia Rong was laughing and laughing, but Jia Zhen was crying like a tearful person, and said "I will do everything I have", everyone's attitude is so, it is conceivable Knowing, three; too illusory, Jinling Twelve Beauties album, there are two beauties hanging themselves on the first floor, four;All of these are due to later generations tampering with Cao Xueqin's original, and fearing that it will be distorted, so they used suspicious pens to wake up their ears everywhere.

According to this, the plot of this story has never been mentioned in the rumors and records.The little girl who guarded the gate of the building and fell asleep, and Ruizhu who was killed immediately after touching the pillar.Such details cannot be imagined or fabricated.If so, this 80-chapter manuscript is probably a very early manuscript before it was "deleted by order of Qinxi". Comrade Qiming and I both believe that this manuscript is probably the one that Li Ciming memorized.Because: 1. The author signs "Zhu Yi", which seems to be a pseudonym of his real surname and pseudonym; 2. He said that it is an old collection of ancestral relics, not a new acquisition, which is also consistent with Zhu Lianpo's earlier purchase in Beijing; 3. He lived in the Chongqing area (from the time and place when this article was published in the newspaper, it can be roughly inferred in this way), which is also in line with what Mr. Wu Zeyu said.Judging from these three points, it is not unreasonable to say that this manuscript is quite likely to be the old collection of Zhu Lianpo.

The capital mentioned by Zhu Yi in the article refers to Nanjing during the Anti-Japanese War.If he didn't write cunningly, and really left it in a Nanjing friend's place, then this book came to the southwest and is still in "Jinling".So in Nanjing, there were indeed more than one precious manuscripts that were different from the vulgar ones and the old manuscripts that had been discovered. "Qin Keqing's obscene mourning in Tianxiang Tower", this review was originally only seen in Zhu Zhu's "Jiaxu Version", but now I know that there is a difference in the words "mourning" and "shang", but I don't know if it is true, or it is Zhu Yi's mistaken memory ?With the preconceived word "sangsang", one would think that the word "shang" was misremembered and spelled wrongly; but I think "shang" is quite good, not only implicit, but also the next word "shang" includes The plot of how Keqing went to the building has many connotations.As for misrecording and miswriting, then the critics on the "Jiaxu Ben" recalled the old manuscript after many years, so why not have this possibility?Things in history are often more tortuous and complicated than the "straight-line reasoning logic" that some of us are accustomed to, so it is not appropriate to arbitrarily ask questions and be confident that "must" be true.

I wrote down this clue and hope that enthusiastic comrades will pay attention to it, because I always have "just in case" for any different version. If I find something, it will be a great contribution to the research work. In addition to thanking Comrade Qiming and the Chongqing Library, the meaning of this article briefly describing the whole story is also to commemorate the late Comrade Ling Daoxin and Mr. Wu Zeyu. Because of talking about the version, I even attached it to the class, and narrated a short essay. It is not new to find old manuscripts of earlier ones in addition to the popular ones.The ancestors of the Red School who discovered the old manuscripts must have contributed a lot; it is a pity that they did not do much work and their knowledge was very limited.Some of them regard it as only a kind of "version anecdote", some compare the length of the trivial text, some do some sporadic textual research.I still admire Mr. Lu Xun the most. He used Qi Ben's writing in his works, and he once said that this "Qi Preface Version" was published by Youzheng Bookstore, and it is not known whether it is Xueqin's original.In this point, the master not only never judges things arbitrarily, but also clearly states that the most important thing we should pay attention to is Xueqin's original work.Mr. Wang pointed out in different forms many times that novels are most likely to be edited and edited by delusional people, and he loudly awakened people to "deny falsehoods and return to the original".At that time, how could there be a second person who made such a clear claim?

In red studies, the fundamental purpose of edition research is to examine and identify falsehoods, "sweeping away the smoke" (also in Lu Xun's words), tampering is not just a matter of "writing", but a matter of stealing and changing posts, and completely distorting Xueqin's thoughts content problem.After gaining this understanding, I really felt how serious the distortion of Xueqin was by Cheng Gao's false copy, and the work of denouncing the false copy and returning the copy is too urgent.It was a bit late to gain this understanding. "Contesting the version", strict authenticity, denouncing tampering, has been one of our core tasks in the past forty years.To this end, Zeng and his brother Huchang did a lot of hard work; unfortunately, the results of the work and the school compilation materials were destroyed.But we are not discouraged, we still have to continue to work hard.

Later, more and more red scholars devoted themselves to version research. There is a problem that is difficult to solve, that is, what is the origin of "Geng Chen Ben"? Fortunately, recently, Comrade Qi Jing, a teacher of the Department of Philosophy at Sichuan University, suddenly provided a rare piece of information. Taking advantage of this article, it is enough to record an anecdote in the history of Hongxue editions. According to Comrade Qijing's narration and introduction by him, I learned from Mr. Chen Shanming how Xu got the "Gengchen Version". The wife of Mr. Chen (former director of the Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences), named Xu Chuanfang, is Xu Xingshu's daughter, and her sister-in-law is Mr. Yu Pingbo's elder sister.The origin of "Gengchen Version" that Mr. Chen learned from his Yue's family is very clear and reliable.

According to Mr. Chen's letter: Xu's "Gengchen Edition" happened in 1932 (or 33 years).The place where the book was purchased was at the stall of Longfu Temple in Dongcheng.The price of the book was eight yuan in silver coins at that time. It is worth noting that there are two points.One is that when I bought this book, the eight volumes were complete, and if I haven't touched it, it is not because one volume has been circulated by everyone for a long time and it has become very old and tattered.The second is that this book appeared at a small stall in the East Temple, and its origin may be something from the Manchurian Banner House.

The latter judgment was made because I asked Mr. Chen about the situation of the book stalls in the East Temple in the early years. Mr. Chen told me that there were only three big temple fairs in Beijing at that time, namely the Dadi Temple in the South City and the Guardian Temple in the West City. National Temple, Longfu Temple in Dongcheng.The stalls in Dadi Temple are mainly "tagged", and the stalls in Huguo Temple are mostly daily necessities, but Longfu Temple is more "advanced" and has more "antiques".Originally there were many bookstores on Longfusi Street (Note: I have also caught up with a little "willingness" myself, it is a very flavorful "small cultural street", which is far from what it is now), temple fairs or There are small book stalls, mostly inside and outside the temple gate. Whether "Gengchen Version" was obtained from an antique stall or a book stall is not certain.Mr. Chen believes that at that time, if ordinary Han people sold books, they would take them to Liulichang for their value in real terms, and it was not easy to fall into small stalls. However, people from the Manchurian banner were poor and refused to sell old things openly. The girl waited outside the door to sell to the "drum-beating" second-hand collectors who walked through the alleys.Therefore, the appearance of "Gengchen Version" in the stalls of the temple fair should be based on the possibility that it was originally a book collected by a bannerman.I think Mr. Chen's inference is reasonable. After the "Gengchen Edition" was purchased, Mr. Hu Shi, Guo Zeyun and Mr. Yu Pingbo successively borrowed it, which was also informed by Mr. Chen. I would like to express my deep gratitude to Comrade Qi Jing and Mr. Chen Shanming.Thanks to their enthusiastic teaching, we understand the origin of this important old manuscript.Although it remains to be found out who owned the first book that fell on the street vendor, it has basically explained some problems and can provide a reference for the study of old manuscripts. The name "different version" is inappropriate, ambiguous, and easy to be misunderstood, so it is only used for convenience.Introducing the "different version", I also quoted a piece of material in another place, there was a typesetting version, but it was not published, and it is also excerpted here: "... "On the issue of editions, there is another aspect that should be discussed a little bit. Many records prove that there was a book with more than 80 chapters, and the second half is completely different from Cheng Ben. It is a pity that this kind of book has not been published yet. Found one. There are different records in the Qing Dynasty, and I do not intend to list them here. Mr. Zhang Qixiang confirmed that the Japanese Kodama Datong family told him that he had seen Sanliu Bridge (named Sanduo, a Mongolian from the Eight Banners) ) version, there are the last 30 chapters, and several examples with different plots can still be cited. Chu Deyi wrote the inscription and postscript to "You Huang Tu", and also said that he saw the Tibetan version of Duanfang in the first year of Xuantong, and also cited the second half of it. Some examples of the plot are quite consistent with what Kodama said. Some of the relics of Duanfang were occasionally found in Sichuan. talk: '...It is said that it is a matter of Ming Taifu's family, just hearing his words. Compared with Wenhou's doubtful words: Rong Ruo has a middle cousin; , so it was selected.Rong Ruoyi can't forget that there is a Buddhist event in the palace: enter as a lama, you can see it, and the woman is indifferent.Liang Fenren's work is a book.Those who call it too illusory and illusory are tricky in their words.Except that it is not very hidden, it is suitable for the frame of the car, and you can see it in a small way.Although it is easy to enter and present, it is difficult to detail the benefits.Some people in Shu kept their original manuscripts, which are quite different from the common ones; they brought them to the capital ten years ago and saw them.It is still in the middle of Shu. ...' The first half is the old story of the Suoyin School that we are familiar with (it seems to be from the same source as the words in the postscript "Drinking Water Collection" of "Weiwo" that I have quoted). Zhenguan, it's news!The second half is compelling.I don't know if this is a different version from the middle of Sichuan, or is it the same as the Duanfang version?Hou Yi'an, I heard it was Yuan Shikai's secretary, he saw this book in Beijing. 'It is still in the middle of Sichuan', and I hope that the comrades in Sichuan will work hard to find out these clues.This passage of Guo can be found in the second volume of his "Qing Ci Jade Chips", and you can press it again.Guo and Sanliuqiao are also very acquainted, and they often mention him and the cultural relics in his collection, but unfortunately, the different version mentioned by Kodama is not mentioned, for some reason. "We pay attention to searching for these manuscripts, not for the sake of being curious and interesting. If this is Cao Xueqin's lost manuscript, of course it is extremely important; even if it is another kind of sequel, if we can access it, it will be of great importance. It is helpful to test Cao Xueqin’s original work and Bi Kancheng’s and Gao’s pseudo-continuation, it can solve many difficult problems in research, and maybe it will open up a new situation for research in this area, which is unknown. …” Obviously, the "original manuscript" that is "very different from the popular version" should be an old manuscript.Nanjing and Shuzhong are the two most noteworthy places. I have said it several times, and I will repeat it here again. I still appeal to the comrades in the cultural circles of the two places, hoping to do some work vigorously to make these (in case of thousands of people) A precious treasure that has survived various catastrophes may be reborn in the world. As for the transfer of the copyright to Gu Zhenguan, it is really unbearable to read.Why let him?There won't be much mystery, but I know that Gu is a famous writer, and he and Nalan are good friends.This kind of pretentious talk and unreliable lies cannot stand any "test".It is not surprising that among the literati and scholar-bureaucrats in the Qing Dynasty, there were some strange talks and speculations about Hu Yun; The big essays that give up copyright indiscriminately are really "the future looks at the present, and the present looks at the past". However, what is even better is that the statement passed down by the Guo family - Gu Liangfen's "biography" for Cheng Rongruo, there is no need to be afraid of being suspected of "self-legendary", because it is just a "other legend". Today's assignment is "The Legend of Red Mansion Scolding Others".It seems that, as I mentioned in my book "Xin Zheng", there was a kind of "uncle legend".It is also plausible, scolding others to show that he is an "anti-Hu hero"; and in essence, it is still a "disguised self-legend"-just a little "disguised", so it is fundamentally different from Hu Shi .This phenomenon in the red academic circle is intriguing. June 20, 1979 Three days before the summer solstice