Chapter 69 Fu Concubine Mi in Cold Moon and Cold Pond——When, Where, and Why Did Daiyu Die?

I have already pointed out in some manuscripts that Daiyu's death, according to Xueqin's writing, should be: 1. She was framed by Aunt Zhao, saying that she and Baoyu had "incompetent affairs", and the sick person added Framed by the bad guys, she suffered unbearable crimes and infamy, and she couldn't bear to live; second, she decided to throw herself into the water to end her remaining life; The place where the couplets of the Mid-Autumn Festival in the cloud are bright and clear, the land of the cold pond and the cold moon. Researchers who hold different opinions generally put forward two points: one is that Daiyu died of repaying the "debt of tears" and shedding tears, not sinking herself;

Regarding the previous point, I never thought it was a "contradiction".When she shed tears, she also killed herself, because her tears dried up, she killed herself.These aren't two mutually exclusive "negotiable" causes. Her death may have been more complex than one would like to think, and not the simplistic "either-or" way of thinking. Regarding the latter point, I don't think the debater's reasons are absolutely accurate and cannot be discussed. Those who claim that Daiyu died at the end of spring, the most considered strong and powerful evidence are "Burning Flowers" and "Peach Blossom Walk".This is Daiyu's own creation, and she said:

"Take a look at the fall of the remaining flowers in spring, that is when the beauties die of old age; once the spring is over, the beauties are old, and the flowers fall and the people die." The lonely curtain is empty and the moon marks." So understanding Yi Xiao's words, why didn't he die at the end of spring, but insisted that he died at the Mid-Autumn Festival? I would like to remind comrades who hold this point of view: You must pay attention to the literal meaning, and you must speak the truth to understand Yi Xiao. Daiyu’s famous line about burying flowers cannot be interpreted in that way.Excuse me, what is "old beauty"?Could it be that the death of a young girl can be called "death of old age"?It must be known that the sighed spring flowers fall.It is a matter of the ups and downs of seasons and fortunes, not narrowly defined, temporary encounters and changes.Zhi Pi said that "The Song of Burying Flowers" is "a small introduction to the origin of all the beauties in the Grand View Garden", which already shows that the content contained in the Song of Burying Flowers is not a very narrow meaning.This is the most important point.The above said "literally".In fact, the fundamental problem is how to understand Xueqin's "spring" and "autumn".

In Xueqin's works, spring and autumn constitute the "two big fans" of the whole book, which is another form of expression of the two big fans of ups and downs [Note 1].So Xueqin pointed it out early on and said: "It's better to prevent the festive season after the Lantern Festival, when the smoke disappears." This not only refers to the affairs of Zhen Shiyin's family, but also the general program covering the whole book.Xueqin takes Shangyuan Festival as a symbol of "spring", and Mid-Autumn Festival as a symbol of "autumn".In the first chapter of the book, the Mid-Autumn Festival and the Shangyuan Festival are written.Qin Keqing was alert to what Sister Feng said in her dream: "After the three springs, all the fragrances will be exhausted, and each of them must find his own door." This is another expression of this meaning: once the three springs are over, it will be the decline of autumn.Therefore, Zhiyan also said: "Use Mid-Autumn Poems to start, use Mid-Autumn Poems to collect. And use Poetry Society in Autumn. The three springs are lamented, but the three autumns are used as the key."

By playing with each other in detail, Xueqin's painstaking ingenuity will not be translated into a simple meaning, thinking that the saying "after the three springs go, all the fragrances will be exhausted" means that once the spring and March are over, all the women in the book will die. Finished.For example, there is a famous work by Du Muzhi in the Tang Dynasty. The title is "Xi Chun". , sweep the broom diligently..." This is the same truth that Xueqin has in mind [Note 2]. The above quotation is a small piece of fat batch, which is extremely important, and it is advisable to add it in detail, or you can get a glimpse of the true meaning.There is a lot to talk about.Now let’s talk about Chen Zhuo’s miscellaneous thoughts as follows.

First, some people interpret "Three Springs" as only the three sisters Ying, Tan and Xi.This is not entirely wrong, but at least it misses another point.It is not difficult to know from the words cited above that "Sanqiu" which is in opposition to "Sanchun" cannot be interpreted as referring to the names of three people, then "Sanchun" should not be interpreted as referring to the names of three people ( If there are double entendres, there may be some).If someone says that "Sanqiu" is also the name of three women, they have to cite Qiuwen, Qiutong, (Fu) Qiufang—but how nondescript it would be!Therefore, it can be proved that: according to the intention of Qinyuan, the whole book is written, there are three spring (Shangyuan Festival) and three autumn (Mid-Autumn Festival) big gates, "two big fans" that are symmetrical and reflective, A unique structural style that constitutes the entire grand layout.This style is typical of the Chinese nation.Whether Western art theorists recognize and understand it, I don't know, but we Chinese fully understand it.

Let's take a closer look. In the first eighty chapters of the book, the general situation of the "two big fans" is as follows: (1) Concubine Yuan visits relatives - spring, the first Lantern Festival, chapters 17 and 18; (2) Rongfu Lantern Festival banquet, Taijun breaks the old routine - spring, the second Lantern Festival, chapter 1 Fifty-three, fifty-four chapters; (3) A plot of an accident—spring, the third Shangyuan Festival, chapter eighty-first (presumption, assumption). [Begonia Society, Chrysanthemum Poetry, Two Feasts in the Grand View Garden—Autumn, Events in Late August, Chapters 37 to 41, but the Mid-Autumn Festival is not written, so it is not included in the number. ]

(1) Omens at the night banquet, bleak flute tasting, and lonely poems—autumn, the first Mid-Autumn Festival, chapters seventy-fifth and seventy-six; No.?Back; (3) A plot of an accident—autumn, the third Mid-Autumn Festival, the first?back. The original book we read now without the eyesight just contains the third Lantern Festival and the second and third Mid-Autumn Festival-this is related to the "Three Springs" and "Three Autumns", which are all very important! I have also said that it is the end of the twelfth lunar month and it is the end of the twelfth lunar month, and the eighty-first (or even eighty-two) chapters of the book will be written at the end of the third Lantern Festival ( Miharu) show!Something big is bound to happen. (Whether it is still related to the matter of the concubine Yuan is still difficult to judge.)

Well, the second and third Mid-autumn Festival—the key to the three autumn festivals, of course, is when another big accident and big change happened. ——What is this again?Anyone who is really concerned about the original intention of Xueqin's true book, how can he not affect his thoughts and feelings on this point? From the perspective of the overall layout, the next year's Mid-Autumn Festival (according to my book "Red Mansions Calendar", should be the Mid-Autumn Festival in the sixteenth year), Daiyu's death is one of the accidents in that pass. Regarding the evidence of Daiyu's death on this day, I have cited some evidences.Of course, the most obvious and important proof is still the poem prophecy uttered by Daiyu herself in the couplet of "this year" (written in the seventy-sixth chapter, which is the fifteenth year): "the soul of the flower buried in the cold moon".

When Miaoyu heard this sentence, she couldn't bear it any longer, and came out to stop her.Saying "Sure enough—it's so desolate!" This force proves that even the rebutters can't refute any other reasoning, they can only admit that this is not a random wording for no reason.In fact, there are many examples throughout the book.The place where Zhipi pointed out "the death of Fu Daiyu" was in Jia Yuanchun's play, and the accidents in the four plays were: the defeat of Fu Jia's family in "Hao Banquet", the death of Concubine Fu Yuan in "Qi Qiao", In "Fate of the Immortals", Fu Zhen Baoyu sends the jade, and in "Leaving the Soul", Fu Daiyu dies.The so-called "Li Hun" refers to the twentieth "Nao Shang" among them.Du Liniang died of illness during this compromise, and the time was the Mid-Autumn Festival.Try reading its words:——

"Injured spring and sick until late autumn"; "Tonight's Mid-Autumn Festival, the wind and rain are sluggish, and the lady is sickly pondering"; "Who steals the medicine and entrusts Chang'e"; "When it's time to look forward to the festival and think about the Mid-Autumn Festival, people will not be free when it comes to the Mid-Autumn Festival; the slave's life will not be illuminated by the lonely moon, and the rest of his life will rest in the rain tonight." "Hate the west wind for a moment, break the green and destroy the red for no reason"; "Hate the sky, jealous of flowers and wind and rain, partial to the moonlight"; "Drum three winters, worrying a lot, cold rain out of the window, the lights are not red"; "Hate in a hurry, follow the waves, the wind cuts the jade hibiscus"! These words vaguely reveal the true origin and connection of Xueqin's arrangement for Daiyu to sink herself in the "cold moon burying the soul of flowers" in Mid-Autumn Festival.Could this be a coincidence? For another example, in the Begonia Club, Xiangyun came later and made up two poems alone, one chanted by himself, and the other chanted Daiyu. "Flowers are hard to find a mate because of their joy and cleanliness, and people are easy to lose their souls because of their sorrow in autumn; The jade candle drips the tears in the wind, and the crystal curtain breaks the mark in the middle of the moon; You want to complain to Chang'e, but the virtual corridor is dark at night. " The jade candle drips dry, which means that Daiyu's tears are exhausted; and the crystal curtain every other month is exactly the same content as "a sound of Du Yuchun's return, and the lonely curtain is empty with moon marks" in "Peach Blossom Journey".This moon mark is the cold moon of the Mid-Autumn Festival in August, and it is by no means a general reference (there are four seasons of the year, every month has a moon...).Everyone knows that in poetry, all references to crystal curtains are related to autumn scenery. This is a common practice and can be used for mutual reference. At the end, if you want to examine the fate of Chai, Dai, and Xiang, it is just mentioned in the Mid-Autumn Festival couplet poem, you see—— Gradually hear the words and laugh silently, leaving snow and frost marks; Steps dew clusters of morning bacteria, court smoke gathers evening scorpions; In autumn, the chalcedony is rushing down, and the wind leaves gather the roots of clouds. Baowu's love is lonely and clean, and Yinchan's breath is full; After the medicine is smashed by the spirit rabbit, people rush to Guanghan; Invite the bull girl to fight and wait for the emperor and grandson. The wheel of emptiness is uncertain, and the darkness remains empty; The sound of the leaking pot will be exhausted, and the flame of the window lamp will be dimmed; Crossing the shadow of cranes in the cold pond, burying the soul of flowers in the cold moon! I used to say in my book: the lonely and clean stars and the moon, Chang'e's flight to the moon, etc., are all related to Baochai's affairs. Today, it seems that it is not only too simplistic, but also did not pay attention to the important words of the rabbit.This needs to be re-discussed—of course it cannot be said that it was wrong the first time, but it was correct this time. I just said that there are many contents in it that have not been seriously thought about or understood thoroughly in the past. The first point that needs to be clear is that the couplets are the protagonists of Daixiang and Miaoyu were added later.There is no place for Baochai in it (she has gone home).This arrangement itself shows that the matter of the moon has nothing to do with her, and the Mid-Autumn Festival has nothing to do with her.Wu, the name of the star, is also called the star of the female maid. The original meaning of the word Wu is "not to follow, not easy-going".Love is lonely and clean, which should be the same meaning as "flowers are hard to find a mate because of their happiness and cleanliness".This is not so much a reflection of "Sister Bao" (a woman is a "sister"), but rather a reflection of Daiyu, because it is not Baochai but Daiyu who is not easy-going. Then, the next statement of "the medicine was smashed by the spirit rabbit, and people ran to Guanghan" should be another reason for Daiyu's death, that is, her death was related to "accidental swallowing of the elixir". Speaking of which.This will depend on the officials going back to the beginning of the book, the scene when Daiyu first arrived. As soon as everyone saw Daiyu, they asked her about the medicine:—— "Everyone saw Daiyu's young appearance...although her body and face were very timid,...they knew that she had deficiencies, so they asked: What medicine do you take regularly? How can you not rush to treat it? Daiyu said: I... never meet I take medicine when I eat and drink, and it has not stopped until today. I have invited many doctors to make prescriptions, but none of them have worked....Now I still take ginseng Yangrong pills. Jia Mu said: "It's just right, I'm making pills here, just ask them to make more ingredients." " Here, Zhi Yan criticized: "For Houchang, Lingfu veins." I pointed out on page 881 of the New Certificate: "Jiachang and Jia Ling have something related to dispensing medicines, the details are unimaginable. Or it has something to do with Daiyu's death?" Now combined with the two sentences of "the medicine scriptures are pounded by the spirit rabbit, people rush to Guanghan", my suspicions on that day have greatly increased.I also need to see that there is a long article in Chapter 28 dedicated to dispensing medicines. The point to note is that when Mrs. Wang saw Daiyu, she asked her if she was better after taking the medicine. After Daiyu answered, Baoyu said: , Take two doses of decoction, "It's better to take pills."This caused Tianwang Buxin Pill, and Mrs. Wang said, "I will ask people to buy some to eat tomorrow."At this time Baoyu said: "These medicines are useless. My wife gave me three hundred and sixty taels of silver, and I will prepare a pill for Sister Lin, and I will make sure that there is more than one medicine. . . . " This then led to the words of Baochai and Sister Feng, and mentioned a very strange article such as Xue Pan also prescribed this medicine.There are many mysteries in it, all of which need to be studied deeply.At this moment, of course, my attention is still on Daiyu—she is once again connected with the problem of "dispensing medicine".This is no accident. Combined with the "medicine classics spirit rabbit pounding", Daiyu's death, in addition to illness, being framed, sadness and other reasons, should be due to taking pills by mistake. Moon Palace—that is, Xiang'e, who sank and died in the Mid-Autumn Festival, became the "moon in the water". The so-called mistaken intake has two possibilities, one is that you have eaten it wrongly, and the other is that someone else has given it wrongly.There are two possibilities in the second possibility: one is unintentional wrongdoing, and the other is intentional murder.It makes sense that Jia Chang and Jia Ling's assignments in the Jia Mansion are dedicated to dispensing medicines, and dispensing medicines is the most rigorous and prudent matter, outsiders are not allowed to interfere.Most of the bad guys in this matter are still Jia Huan.The medicine taken by mistake is naturally not a poison that can cause death, but a hot and dry smell that makes Daiyu's illness suddenly worsen.Daiyu should not take too many hot medicines, such as cinnamon, Baochai has already pointed it out, and that is in the book "Autumn Window and Rainy Night".The positive mention of Daiyu's medicine is under the autumn window of "Feng Yu Xi", which is directly related to autumn, and it is not meaningless pen and ink. By the time Xueqin writes about the third Mid-Autumn Festival, it will be another important event for the two of Baoxiang to reunite because of the "white-headed twin stars".At that time, there should be another scene of writing poems during the Mid-Autumn Festival.I'm afraid this is the meaning of "Mid-Autumn Poems Begin and Mid-Autumn Poems Harvest" that Zhi Yan said? To sum up, it can be seen that the theory of Dai's death at the end of spring is not in line with the overall situation of Xueqin's artistic conception.Dai's tears passed away due to intricate multi-layered internal and external reasons. On the moonlit night of Mid-Autumn Festival, she threw herself into the cold pond and died. In fact, the same is true of Qingwen's death (she committed suicide in the pool, not died of illness), let Xiaowen say it separately, this is not as good as Zhiwan. Guihai early August grass ~~~~~~~~~~ [Note 1] There are precedents for a book to be divided into two big fans, Spring and Autumn.In this play, Zhang and Cuixiang met in spring and were separated in autumn. Therefore, people in Yuan and Ming Dynasties commonly called "West Chamber" "Cui's Spring and Autumn"—and even simplified it to "Spring and Autumn". banter".I think that Xueqin's books are mostly influenced by , , , and , and the layout of the two halves of Spring and Autumn is also one of its examples. [Note 2] Xiao Du's poem is very appropriate for the 27th chapter to write about the Grain Grain Festival on April 26. The daughters of the Grand View Garden held a grand feast of preserved flowers, and Daiyu buried the flowers. The joint writing of "Sweeping Flowers" and "Sweeping Flowers" were originally Baoyu's birthday on April 26 [to be discussed in another article]. The "ceremony" of drinking three cups each to send spring.There are cups for fruiting spring, and brooms for sweeping flowers.All of these are special pens, with a wonderful literary heart. [Note] This clumsy text is also written to commemorate the 220th anniversary of Xueqin's death, so all the discussion is based on the original purpose of Xueqin's original book, and does not involve the word Cheng Gao and Pseudo-Continuation. With Xueqin's authenticity, Cheng Gao's hypocrisy is revealed.This kind of writing can almost be attributed to the scope of the real "Red Studies", and does not belong to the nature and genre of general novel research papers. I remember that it was also in this journal that I published an article on the question of "what is Hongxue".As far as I can see, it has also attracted the attention of some red researchers.Some people agree and some people disagree.Because this matter is not unrelated, I feel that the problem should be made clearer, which is almost beneficial but not harmful to Hongxue.The main points are as follows: First, the reason why I separate "red studies" from "general novel studies" is not to exclude some papers from "red circles".On the contrary, I wrote that article precisely because some commentators published a great article, mocking the "red study", thinking that it is not a proper academic, because it "does not study the work itself", but just engages in other things. , and so on.Therefore, whether the "Red School" should exist or not seems to be a question.I beg to differ.The meaning of my article is nothing more than pointing out that "Red Learning" did not fall from the sky, or it was a bizarre trick created by some "good people" who were full of food all day long and had nothing to do.No, the emergence of Hongxue is entirely determined by the specific characteristics of this specific work. It is precisely because it is different from other general novels that there is a special knowledge of Hongxue, and "Redology" is different from general novels.Having made this point clear, it is precisely to fight for a little legal right to exist for the "Red School" amid the sound of "besieged from all sides", that's all.How can there be any intention to exclude other research red articles from outside the "red circle" and dare to put them in selfish intentions.This is not to be misunderstood. "Red School" - this is not a very glorious and respectful title.When I was young, everyone took it as a joke, often with contempt.Today's people may not understand it all, but worry about being "excluded from Hongxue"!This is indeed a remarkable and huge change. From this, it can be proved that the meaning, value, and status of Hongxue have been greatly improved.People are not worried about the disgrace of a popular scientist, but are fighting for its reputation. Second, some of my words are not aimed at those who have already clarified the respective definition ranges and interrelationships of "Redology" and "Dream of Red Mansions" (that is, "the study of fiction itself") It is said by researchers who have used it quite well.Therefore, there is no intention of "repelling" anything.On the contrary, what I have said on other occasions is that the two complement each other and can enrich and supplement each other, and should not be neglected-but they should not be confused or considered to be substitutes for each other.They lead to the same goal by different routes and have the same goal.But "dividing" will benefit the United States, and "mixing" will hurt both. It is for this reason that some people only want to "study the works of the Dream of the Red Chamber" instead of thinking about it. What is the so-called "Dream of the Red Chamber itself" after all?Is it Cheng engraved one hundred and twenty chapters?Or is it the eighty chapters of the fat review?Don't even ask this question, just go to study "itself" - and the major issues of "thought and art", and also think that the edition study in "Red Studies" is a cumbersome and annoying thing....So, who is "repelling" whom?Third, when criticizing my humble opinion, an article said: "Because the author Cao Xueqin regards his family life as the material of his life and generalizes it into his artistic creation, in this sense, Cao Xueqin's family life is different from his creation. The relationship between them is the relationship between the reality of life and the reality of art, and the reality of art is based on the reality of life..." Well, it is extremely important for the article to admit this.However, I can't help but ask: Comrade, how did you come to this conclusion?Didn't the work of "Cao Xue" in "Red Learning" first make you gain such an understanding?Doesn't this just prove that red learning and Cao learning are a prerequisite or key thing in the study of "thought and art" of "the work itself"?You obviously learned from Cao Xue's results before you can make this conclusion.Well, when someone (overseas scholars and domestic red researchers) wrote an article accusing me of turning Hongxue into Caoxue, and had a different intention for Caoxue, I didn’t see you say a few words of justice for my Caoxue , then do you have a better understanding of the meaning and function of Cao Xue recently? Now there are many researchers who have obtained the necessary prerequisite knowledge from Hongxue, and clearly applied it to their own articles, but in turn have some opinions on the Redology workers for a fair evaluation of their labor. It's puzzling. As for some people who say that I have divided Hongxue into several major branches, the division is too small and too rigid, which is not conducive to the improvement and development of Hongxue.In fact, the content of red studies is constantly expanding. Now that there are many foreign language translations and translations in the world, a new "translation red study" has emerged.The classification is just for the sake of clarity and convenience in the current situation.Science always branches more and more carefully, and it is not heard that there is an opposite trend.The division of labor is finer and the specialization is more specialized, which does not mean at all that "the chickens and dogs will hear each other, and they will never communicate with each other". A scientist must be a multi-disciplinary scientist, which "does not hinder" him from becoming a real expert.As for improvement and development, that is the natural meaning of the dialectics of division of labor and cooperation.The study of red studies must gather many experts—scholars specialized in history, society, philosophy, literature and art, folklore, religion, ethics, etc. of the Qing Dynasty. The beauty of the classroom is not only capable of the mere "Cao Xue", "Zhi Xue", "Edition Studies", "Tan Yi Xue" and so on.In short, for the sake of this, the "Wu School" can and should be established, but in any case, it cannot be said that the relationship between "Wu School" and "Journey to the West" is the same as the relationship between "Cao School" and "Red Mansion".I can analogize.That being the case, everything in Hongxue obviously has its great particularity.These particular problems cannot be solved by studying other novels.That's why Hongxue was born.Red Studies can enrich our Chinese and world novel studies, but if it is confused with ordinary novel studies, it will cease to exist.So if it is mixed, it will hurt both.My clumsiness is nothing more than that, nothing else.Some comrades are too worried. In 1983, when the Hongxue Conference was held in Shanghai, I wrote an article for Wen Wei Po, saying: A unique and complicated subject like Hongxue is really like the Yangtze River on the land of China, rich in content, galloping eastward, and magnificent.We'd better look at it with such a majestic and broad mind and vision, create conditions conducive to academic democracy, promote the prosperity and development of various schools and opinions, and research and explore from various angles and methods. It is expected to have an increasingly comprehensive and profound understanding of this unusually great and magnificent work.This is the victory of a hundred schools of thought contending, rather than the short-sightedness of "fixing on one". ...(1982.10.24) This passage, like all my clumsy essays, is not perfect in terms of wording and words. It would be a great fortune if I could not give up my brilliance and not dismiss the clumsiness of my words, but would accept their sincerity. Zhou Ruchang Meets Again