Chapter 123 (23) Changes in sentence patterns

There are many innovations in the syntax of Baixiangshan's poems, especially the poem "Ji Taoguang Zen Master", which is extremely clever in the correctness of the seven rhythms. Poems such as "Remuneration for the Master Book" are in the form of seven-legged sentences and fan pairs; the first sentence of "Sui Ri Family Banquet Showing Brothers and Nephews" says: "Siblings, sisters, wives, sons, nephews and grandchildren"③, fill in the nouns without any empty words, and cover "moving" "Bailiang style" into the regulated poem ④.According to Yuyang's "Chi Bei Ou Tan" Volume 13, "Xiangzu Notes" Volume 2⑤, and Lu Yitian's "Lenglu Miscellaneous Knowledge" Volume 5 to test the Boliang style sentence ⑥, none of them quoted this.He also discussed the five characters by Yuyang, but did not quote "Qi, Cai, Yan, Wei, and Zhao" in "Gan Huai" written by Mu, "Yao, Shun, Yu, Wu, Tang" in "Junzhai Alone", and Dongpo's "Zhang Sicheng". "Yi Zhai" said "the wind and rain are dark and bright, the lame, the deaf and the blind"; the seven words are not as good as Liu Bowen's "Two Ghost Poems"⑦ "the intestines and stomach, the heart, the kidney, the liver, the lungs and the spleen, the ears, eyes, mouth, nose, teeth, tongue and eyebrows".People in the Ming Dynasty then used the Boliang style for the seven rhythms confrontation. Deng Lin's "Huangyu Qu? .Xu Wenjing of the Qing Dynasty said that "whatever you want is also worthless"

It is a sentence with the first ⑨, and a seven-character long sentence with ten chapters.One of the two quatrains in Gui Weigu's "Ti Weng Qinxi Shuanggou Wenhengshan Fenshu" ⑩: "Zhu Zhulong, Chen Yuanxiao, Fu Qingzhu, Zheng Ruqi, Gu Yunmei, Zhang Maojun, Wang Juesi, the momentum is far superior to the field.⑾" All Fragrant Mountains have something to inspire them.Li Yishan is self-initiated and good at copying; Shaoling, Changli, Xiaxian, and Changgu have learned everything⑿, and they are all similar to each other, and their similar styles are often ingenious. The whole text of "After Listening to the Rain Dream on the Night of July 28" is wrong, and it is the first creation of Qilu Sanwen, which is described in Wang Hanmen's "Poetics Compilation"⒀. The first half of "Tibaishi Lianhua Sending to the Duke of Chu" and "To Si Xun Du Thirteen Members" also use loose body⒁. "When Sentences Are Right" has a few abnormalities in this style; "Zichu Jiaoshu" is supplemented with "Looking at the mountains and thinking about the wine, and listening to the drums and leaving the city, I visit you"⒂; although Wei Yuandan's "Ren Ri Ying Zhi" "⒃: "Qingshao is both a man's day, and Qi Shengchu's day is a man", Li Shen's "Jiangnan Late Spring Sending Home" ⒄: "Luoyang City sees plums to welcome snow, Yukou Bridge sends plums to snow", first there is this Grid, while Mika flows. (Pages 187-188) ①Zhan 匄 (gai beggar) descendants: it means that descendants benefit from it.

② Su Shi's "Tianzhu Temple" called Bai Juyi's poem "empty chanting, Lianzhu, chanting and stacking biscuits", and the praise sentence pair is Lianzhu and bibi. ③ Sons and nephews: "Bai Juyi Collection" as "little nephew and nephew". ④Bailiang style: one of the ancient poems, it is a seven-character ancient style poem with flat tones and rhymes. ⑤ Yuyang: Qing Wang Shizhen, named Yuyangshanren.There are 26 volumes of "Chi Bei Ou Tan" and 12 volumes of "Xiangzu Notes". ⑥ "Miscellaneous Knowledge of Lenglu": Notes of the Qing Dynasty, eight volumes.

⑦Liu Bowen: Ming writer Liu Jizi.There are twenty volumes of "Collected Works of Sincerity Bo". 8 Deng Lin: Ming writer.There are seven volumes of "Tui'an Posthumous Manuscript".Belly couplets: four couplets of eight sentences in regulated poems, this refers to the two couplets in the middle. ⑨Xu Wenjing: A native of the Qing Dynasty, there are thirty-three volumes of "Dangtu County Chronicles". 10 Guiwei Valley: The name of Gui Fu, a dramatist of the Qing Dynasty.There are four volumes of Weigu Poetry Collection. ⑾Zhu Zhulong: Zhu Yizun character.Chen Yuanxiao: Chen Gongyin character.Fu Qingzhu: Fu Shanzi.The first name was Dingchen, and the word Qingzhu.

Zheng Ruqi: Zheng Yu characters.Gu Yunmei: The word Gu Ling.Zhang Maojun: Zhang Zaixin.Wang Juesi: Wang Duo characters.All of the above are Qing Dynasty writers. ⑿ Xiaxian: The word of Shen Ya.Changgu: Li He's family is in Changgu, Fuchang.All of the above are poets of the Tang Dynasty. ⒀Wang Hanmen: Qing Wang Shihan, there is a volume of "Poetics Compilation". ⒁ Li Shangyin's "Gift to Si Xun Du Thirteen Members": "Du Mu Si Xun's word is Muzhi, and a "Du Qiu Poem" in Qingqiu. The predecessor should be Mr. Liang Jiang, and Mr. Ming used to be Mr. Chi. The heart iron has been reborn. , the silk on the temples sighs with snow and frost. The Han River is far away from the water of the West River, and there are steles in Yanghu and Weidan." The first half of this poem is in prose, that is, the third and fourth sentences are wrong, which does not meet the requirements of regulated poems.

⒂ Li Shangyin's "Zichu Suburb Villa": "The snow mountain misses me to the wine king, and I visit the king when I listen to the drums and leave the city. The woodcutter is more heard. It is also planned to buy a tobacco house in the south of the village, and the children and grandchildren will meet and work together." The first sentence uses "Jun" and "I", and the second sentence uses "I" and "Jun". These two words are repeated and interlaced. Write fluidly. ⒃ Wei Yuandan: Poet of Tang Dynasty. ⒄ Li Shen: Tang poet. There are various rhetorical techniques in poetry.This article quotes the poems of Bai Juyi and Li Shangyin, pointing out that they have many innovations and changes in the syntax of regulated poems. All contributed to the reformation of poetic style.

Here we first talk about Bai Juyi's innovation in the syntax of regulated poems. One, the sentence is right.For example, Bai Juyi (Xiangshan)'s "Send Taoguang Zen Master" says: "One mountain gate is used as two mountain gates, and the two temples were originally divided from one temple. The east river flows to the west stream, and the clouds in the south mountain rise from the clouds in the north mountain. See the flowers in the front desk and the background, and the bell in the upper world I heard from the lower world. I think of the place where my teacher walks, and the fragrance of heaven and osmanthus are falling." Mr. Qian said that this poem is very wonderful.Its first couplet is right:

"One mountain" is to "two mountains", "two temples" is to "one temple"; "East Stream" is to "West Stream", "Southern Mountain" is to "North Mountain"; "Boundary" and "Lower Boundary" are very neat and confrontational. 2. Sentence pairing, also known as fan facing, that is, the sentence in the upper line is paired with the sentence in the lower line, and the paired sentence in the upper line is paired with the sentence in the lower line, such as the seven rhythms in Bai Juyi's "Ye Wen Zheng Hit "Xiaoxiang Sending the Divine Comedy" Feeling Old" Belly couplet: "Misty Wushan girl, returned for seven or eight years. Yinqin Xiangshui song, stay on the thirteen strings." Its "misty" is to "Yin Qin", "Wushan girl" is to "Xiangshui song", and "Wushan" " "Xiangshui" is also a place name; its "return" is against "stay", "78 years" is against "thirteen strings", and "78" and "thirteen" are both numbers, which can be described as a neat contrast.

3. Bai Juyi began to use "Bailiang Style" in his poems. For example, in "Sisters and Nephews at the Family Banquet", the first sentence says: "Siblings, sisters, wives, sons, nephews and grandchildren". The seven characters are all nouns. Du Mu, Su Shi's poems also try to use real nouns in the verses; Liu Ji's "Poem of Two Ghosts" is especially interesting. Eyebrows are all names of human beings themselves, which is very interesting.In the Ming Dynasty, Deng Lin used the names of birds and fish in his "Queen of the Emperor", and Mr. Qian called him "surprisingly bold".When it came to the writings of the Qing people, it was even more varied. Xu Wenjing used virtual characters for seven characters in a row, and Gui Fu filled in all the surnames. Although they inherited Du Mu's full names of princes and countries, they were also renovated.

Li Shangyin is naturally a master writer. Following Bai Juyi's creation of inter-sentence pairs and the introduction of "Bailiang Style" into his poems, he created a unique style and created Qilu Santi. "Dream": The flames of the Dragon Palace of the first dream are burning, and the auspicious clouds are bright and sunny.Turned into a drunken leaning on the Penglai tree, a fairy patted me on the shoulder.Shaoqingyuan heard blowing thin pipes, heard the sound but could not see the flying smoke.After patrolling and passing the rain in Xiaoxiang, the rain hit the fifty strings of Xiangling.Seeing Feng Yishu looking disappointed, Yi Xiaoxiu sells the sea for fields.Also every time the hairy girl has no extremes, Long Boqing will Huayuelian.In a trance, Ni is bright and dark, and the downturn is endless.

I feel that it is the rain on the flat stage, and I sleep alone with the cold lamp on my back and my hands. The harmony of tones is the only exception to the duality, which is a bold innovation based on the rhythm of the body.Its "When the Sentence Is Right": Close to Pingyang is connected to Shanglan, Qinlou Yuanwa and Hangong Pan.The light in the pool is uncertain, the light is chaotic, and the sun is dry at the beginning of dew.But I feel that the bees and the butterflies dance, but I don't know that the lonely phoenix remembers the separation from the luan.Three stars rotate three mountains away, Zifu Chengyao Biluokuan. There are pairs of sentences in the couplets, "Pond Light" versus "Hua Guang", "Riqi" versus "Luqi", and the two sentences are opposite.The neck couplet "You Feng" is opposite to "Dancing Butterfly", and "Gu Feng" is opposite to "Li Luan", the two sentences are also opposite.In addition, the first half of Li Shangyin's poems is in prose; there are also two sentences with double characters interlaced (see note in this article).Such poems seem to show that Li Shangyin dared to try and made contributions in the development of poetic style.