Chapter 96 (5) Boliang style

The name of the stacked object is imitated from the sentence of "Bailiang style"①. After the Tang and Song Dynasties, the author occasionally made it up, and it is no longer seen.②.What I have seen is nothing like Zhuxiang Qijin's "Jiangxi Pavilion Poetry Collection" ③, here are five or seven characters in ancient and modern styles.The third song of "Shu Huai" in Volume 1: "Missing hats and bows ④, Gonglu Taoyi section. Tridacna agate beads ⑤, fish beans, salt, soy sauce and garlic";鬳匜嬲, Gou Lijiao Xipan Yuyi" ⑥; "Seven Insects": "鼃黾虫虫虎鸟鸡鹅⑦, flying and jumping in front of the steps"; Volume 10 "Liuhe Pagoda Song Journal 42 Zhang Jing: "Shen Heqian Chen Dong, Yu Hong Song Li Han. Li Zhenxing is a grass, long and short, barren and wide ⑧".Prior to what Xu Wenjing did ⑨, the Southern Song Dynasty Zheng Qingshan Qingzhi's "An Wantang Poetry Collection" ⑩ Volume 7 "Reconciliation with Qianyun after Illness" said: "What is the career of carving ice, what is there is already." "Suiyuan" Zhang Can's "Play Title" ⑾ in Volume 4 of "Shihua": "Calligraphy, painting, piano, chess, poetry, and hops were never separated from him in the past. Now seven things have changed, firewood, rice, oil, salt, soy sauce, vinegar and tea"; "Zeng Puyuan": "Yanxiaquan, stone, wind, flowers and moon, daily necessities, rice, oil, salt, tea, vinegar and sugar"; Volume 4 of "Essays on Two Kinds of Autumn Rain" quotes Guo Chenyao's "Holding Belly Collection? ⒂; and Bailiang style of playing jokes also ⒃. (Pages 523-524) "Ming Poems" ⒄ Volume 8 Fan Song's "Thinking of Passing Taiping Mansion": "Last night, Yueming Township woke up from a dream, and the azaleas sang on the azaleas."

In the Qing Dynasty, only Jin Heneng wrote the famous lines of stacking objects in the long narrative, which is crisp and concentrated, without stagnation or frivolity, which is far beyond the reach of Zhu Jin and Zhang Weiping. Volume 2 of "Poetry Notes of the Autumn Hall Yinguan" Volume 2 "Original Pirates" No. 8⒅: "The well stove, the toilet, the frieze, the screen, the wall, the wall; one by one, the rotten⒆, for fear that the house will not be damaged. Pots, bowls, bean pots, several The cupboard and the bed⒇; one by one, it will be broken, lest the things will not be smashed"; also "The Chronicle of the Second Day of June": "In the early days, there will be a big feast to chat and stop the crowing, and the military posts are urgently written; cattle, sheep, pigs, fish, geese, ducks and chickens, Eggplant, gourd, onion, leek, and gooseberry, peach, apricot, scallion, peony, rhizome, lotus root, pear, wine, salt, powder, bait, soy sauce (21)." It can be said that he is an expert in using Boliang style. (Supplement to the revised version of "Talking on Art Records", page 22 of "Research on Qian Zhongshu") ①Bailiang style: seven-character ancient style couplets.According to legend, when Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty built the Boliang Terrace to entertain his officials, the seven-character couplets were in flat rhyme, which is called Boliang style.

②禙绝: Detailed description. ③ Zhuxiangqi: Zhujin characters in Qing Dynasty, there are eleven volumes of "Jiangxi Pavilion Poetry Collection". ④铚 (zhizhi): big sickle.耨 (nou): A farm tool for weeding.Fu (tiao 祧): ancient measuring device. ⑤烧 (fang visit): Knead soil to make pottery.Section: Cone hit into things.Tridacna: Tongchequ, shells of molluscs in the sea. ⑥You (Youyou): An ancient medium-sized wine vessel.Base (lei thunder): ancient wine container.Dun (dui pair): Sheng millet millet. * (fu axe): Ritual vessel, used to hold rice beams.鬳 (yan language): ancient cooker, divided into two layers.匜 (yi shift):

Hand wash basin.鬲 (li force): cooking utensils, one layer.Goblet (gugu): ancient wine vessel.Li (He River): wine warmer. Yi: Bronze sacrificial vessel. ⑦鼃, same as frog.Strider (meng Meng): golden thread frog. ⑧ "The Forty-two Chapters of the Six Harmonies Pagoda": The "Forty-two Chapters" of the Song Dynasty is engraved on the Six Harmonies Pagoda in Hangzhou. It was written by ten people, Li, Zhen, Xing, Xing, and Cao. They have long, short, barren, thin, and wide forms. ⑨Xu Wenjing: Qing scholar, word Weishan.Worked on archaic textual research. 10 Zheng Qingzhi: Formerly known as Zheng Xie.There are sixty volumes of An Wantang Poetry Collection.

⑾ "Suiyuan Shihua": Compiled by Yuan Mei in the Qing Dynasty, sixteen volumes, ten volumes of addenda. ⑿Zhang Nanshan: Qing Zhang Weiping characters. ⒀ "Essays on Liangban Qiuyu Temple": Compiled by Shaoren of Qing Liang, eight volumes. ⒁ The first sentence of the reader. ⒂ The first sentence of the reader of "Thousand Characters". ⒃ Joking: Joking with humorous language. ⒄ "Comprehensive Poetry of Ming Dynasty": Compiled by Zhu Yizun in Qing Dynasty, one hundred volumes. ⒅ "Poetry and Notes of Qiuyu Yinguan": Qing Jinhe Zhuan, six volumes.The sentence "Original Pirates" quoted here is titled "Thirteen Days of Tongding Chapter" in "Qing Poetry Chronicles".

⒆廥 (kuai侩): Tibetan draft office.搰: dig through. ⒇ Beans: tall plate.椸 (yi shift): The little girl in front of the bed. (21) Wild rice: wild rice stem.菔: that is, radish.Commonly known as radish.Quinoa: a wild vegetable.Cotoneaster: Cotoneaster orange.Acyl: vinegar. When it comes to Bailiangtai poems, the earliest ones are "The Biography of Dongfang Shuo" and "The Collection of Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty", and the later ones are "Yiwenleiju" and "Guwenyuan".Gu Yanwu of the Qing Dynasty thought it was a forgery. According to Yan Yanzhi's "Ting Gao", "Zhiyu's literary theory is well-known as excellent. Since "Bai Liang", there have been no subsequent works, and the compilation is only seven characters." Since the ancients used literature as drama, it seems that it has been included in Zhiyu's "Wenwenliubieji", so his works cannot be earlier than Wei and Jin Dynasties.In the Wei and Jin Dynasties, there was still talk, and some scholar-bureaucrats used couplets, poems, and poems to make fun of each other when they met with troubles. When it gets older, the father said: "What does it look like when there is heavy snow", the brother said: "Sprinkling salt in the air can be imitated", and the brother and daughter said: "If the catkins are blown by the wind", it can be regarded as the rhyme is synonymous. A couplet of poems chanting snow.

According to legend, the first sentence of the Bailiangtai poem is "The Emperor said: the sun, the moon, the stars, and the four o'clock." Then "The King of Liang said: The horses and horses come from Liang." The content of "Liang Wang Yue" is commensurate with their identities.Another example is "The Prime Minister said: It is really difficult to lead the world. Da Si Nong said: Chen Su, Wan Shi Yang Yi Ji" and so on, the same is true.There are twenty-six sentences in the whole article, all of which are in the form of the following seven-character sentence, and rhyme is used at the end of the sentence to form a joint sentence style, and at the same time it has a playful meaning. People call this style of poetry "Bailiang style" ".Later, when the names of objects were piled up in this style, it was not limited to seven-character couplets, but also made the most of the humorous ability.

It is mentioned here that few authors after the Tang and Song Dynasties wrote this kind of poems again, but Zhu Jinxi in the Qing Dynasty used this style to cite four of his works, so that readers can see the characteristics of "Bailiang style" and its characteristics. rheology. Each sentence of "Shu Huai" has five characters, and twenty characters are used in succession. From daily necessities to valuables, from seafood to condiments, the content is completely out of bounds, but it includes all of life. in the game. "Seven Insects" describes seven kinds of small insects, some flying, some screaming, some crawling, some jumping, gathered in front of the door, very lively, this may be some kind of scene before and after the weather changes, except for "before" In addition to the characters, there is a sentence full of nouns: "鼃鼾蛇虫晚鸡鸡节霸"; a sentence with four verbs: "flying and jumping", and two nouns "stair court", which are piled up into a poem, which is quite flavorful.Xu Wenjing, a historian of the Qing Dynasty, is a man of practical learning, and he also has some plays in Boliang style.Zheng Qingzhi of the Southern Song Dynasty piled up seven imaginary characters in a row in "He Qian Yun after Illness", which vividly reflected his infinite emotion, pain and helplessness about his life's work after his illness. It's hard to say.Zhang Can's "Operation Title" is also a portrayal of his own life.The first two sentences describe his life when his family was in a good situation: "Calligraphy, painting, piano, chess, poetry, and hops, all of them were never separated from him back then." , the seven things in one day became "firewood, rice, oil, salt, soy sauce, vinegar and tea". The content of life in the front and back are all real object nouns piled up in the poem.Guo Chenyao's "Village Learning Poems" quoted by Liang Shaoren in the Qing Dynasty, although it cannot make people laugh, it also silently writes out the content of village learning.

Qing Jinhe was very good at writing long narrative poems, among which there were also verses with the names of stacked objects, which were not noticed by people. In some of the poem reviews quoted in "Qing Poetry Chronicle", there was no mention of this feature. Mr. Qian pointed out come out. "Original Pirates" is a long poem with one hundred and sixty to seventy rhymes. Here are the twenty-character names of utensils piled up, including the movable and real properties of the family. "Broken" vividly outlines the fierce image of the Taiping Heavenly Kingdom's army attacking. "Story on the Second Day of June" stacked up 28 names of objects, which were requisitioned by a military sticker of the Taiping Heavenly Kingdom Army. There were no delicacies from mountains and seas, but ordinary meat, vegetables, vegetables and fruit seasonings. They can only get it after they have rebelled against the ruling class.The stacking of goods in four sentences in a long poem not only highlights the urgent atmosphere at that time, but also has a certain historical value.

After reading the Bailiang style poems cited by Mr. Qian, compared with the original poems of this kind, we can see its development and changes. It still maintains rhyming sentences in form, and maintains the characteristics of games for fun on the surface, but the actual content has changed a lot. Great expansion, it can not only express the poet's emotion, but also reflect the real life, which is worthy of attention and research.