Chapter 95 (4) Using essays as poems and poems as words

Liu Huimeng's discussion on Ci①, instead of his discussion on poetry Yikui②, is the opposite of "Houshan Shihua" commenting on Han's "using writing as poetry" and Su's "using poetry as poetry" as "not the true color"③. "Xuxi Collection" Volume 6 "Xin Jiaxuan Ci Preface" says ④: "Ci to Dongpo, upright and upright, like poetry, like writing, like the wonders of heaven and earth, how can it be more clumsy than female voices. However, it has not yet been used. History, led the elegant praise into Zheng Weiye⑤. Since Xin Jiaxuan⑥, those who use one word like this must cover their mouths. Nai Jiaxuan is brilliant. I know that the Zen family is very good⑦. Liu Huimeng: Liu Chenweng in Song Dynasty, named Xuxi.

②揆 (kui sunflower): guidelines. ③ "Houshan Shihua": written by Song Chen Shidao (No. Houshan), one volume.Han: Han Yu in the Tang Dynasty.Su: Su Shi of the Song Dynasty. ④ "Xuxi Collection": written by Liu Chenweng, seven volumes. ⑤ Lead Ya Song into Zheng Wei: Ya Song is elegant and upright, Zheng Wei is superficial, and Ya Zheng's words are mixed with superficial words. ⑥ Jiaxuan: Song poet Xin Qiji, styled You'an, nicknamed Jiaxuan Jushi. ⑦The Zen family's stick drink: The patriarch of Zen Buddhism receives beginners, often takes the head, shouts, asks questions, and promotes people's awareness.

This one begins with Liu Chenweng, a poet of the Song Dynasty, who used the same criterion for discussing poetry and poetry. Liu Chenweng's "Xuxi Collection" Volume 6 "Preface to Zhao Zhongren's Poems" says: "A literati is also a poem, but a poem is not a essay. Although Du is a poet, he is a poet. It can be seen from the language, but Han Su's changes are like a thunderbolt, he can be surprised and quickly, and there will be no regrets, because of his poems of literati." (See "Talking about Art" on page 34) This is to say that literati such as Han Yu and Su Shi can use writing as poetry, and the poet Du Fu does not combine poetry with writing, and his writing is not well-known.Here we praise Han Su for using text as poetry, breaking through the boundaries of poetry and prose.Chen Shidao, another poet of the Song Dynasty, said in "Houshan Poetry Talk": "Tuizhi regards prose as poetry, and Zizhan uses poems as words, just like the dance of Ambassador Lei in Jiaofang. Han Yu's "writings as poems" and Su Shi's "poetry as words" show that he opposed "writings as poems" and "poetry as words" and advocated maintaining the true nature of poetry and words.Liu Chenweng praised Han Su for making breakthroughs in their respective styles, which is the theory of invasion and expansion mentioned above.Both Han Shi and Su Ci are "not in their true colors", and they are not what poetry and Ci originally required. It can be said that Han Yu invaded poetry with text, or that his poems expanded to sentences; it can be said that Su Shi invaded Ci with poetry, or that His words can also be extended to verses, in short, they do not strictly abide by the shackles of the true nature of poetry, but have made breakthroughs.

The systems of poetry and prose are different. Poetry has restrictions on the rhythm of words and sentences, but prose has no such restrictions.For example, Han Yu's "Late Spring": The grass and trees will return soon after knowing spring, and all kinds of red and purple will fight against each other.Yanghua Yuying has no talent for thinking, but only solves the sky and makes Xuefei. It is a seven-character rhyme that strictly abides by the rhythm of words and sentences.Another example is "Alas, Dong Sheng Xing": The Huai River flows out of Tongbai Mountain, and flows eastward for thousands of miles.Feishui flows out of its side, and it cannot flow for thousands of miles.There is Anfeng in the county of Shouzhou. During the Zhenyuan period of the Tang Dynasty, Dong Shengzhao, a county resident, lived in seclusion in the south. ... Just looking at these few lines, it breaks the sentence pattern of four-character, five-character, and seven-character poems, just like prose. There are nine-character sentences and thirteen-character sentences. Except for rhyming, it is almost prose.

Let’s talk about the difference between words and poems. The words are mostly about children’s private love, and the poems can be about the atmosphere of the wind and cloud;Su Shi used poems as his lyrics, such as (Jiangchengzi? Hunting in Mizhou): The old man chatted and became crazy.Pull the yellow on the left and Qing Cang on the right.Brocade hat mink fur, Qianqi rolls Hiraoka.In order to repay Qingcheng, he followed the prefect, shot the tiger himself, and watched Sun Lang. Just looking at this film, there is a sense of wind and cloud.Therefore, Liu Chenweng said: "Ci to Dongpo, is upright and upright, like poetry and writing."

Before Xin Qiji, it developed into the use of classics and history, and led the odes into Zheng Wei, "horrifically and vertically", and used allusions repeatedly, showing more expansion and freedom.Xin Qiji's words may be passionate and generous, or gentle and sentimental, or eloquent in discussion, or lingering on the past and the present. "Preface") Xin Qiji wrote "Congratulations to the Bridegroom" when he retired from central Fujian and lived in seclusion in Piaoquan, which is very typical: What's more, I am declining.Feeling sad about my life and making friends, it only makes me a few!The white hair hangs three thousand feet empty, smiling at everything in the world.

Ask what can make the public happy?I see how charming Qingshan is, and I expect Qingshan to see me like this.Love and appearance are slightly similar. One scratching his head in the east window, thinking of Yuanming and "Poetry of Stopping Clouds", the flavor at this time.Those who seek fame in Jiangzuo's intoxication, don't know the wonderful truth of turbid mash.Looking back, the clouds fly and the wind rises.If I don't hate the ancients, I don't see them; if I hate the ancients, I don't see them.Those who know me, the second and third sons. The appearance of this kind of prose words was a blow to the literary world at that time, and it was enough to draw attention to the change of style.