Chapter 59 (16) On the poems of Yang Wanli and Lu You

Try it out.Painting with picturesque scenery, and writing poems about things that are suitable for poetry, is like spreading brocade to add beauty, half the effort is half the effort, although it is not to expand the environment and inspire the forest.Chengzhai Fangweng, just like this.What people have said, I am good at speaking, let old people and the old be new;Fang Weng is good at painting scenery, while Chengzhai is good at painting from life.Fangweng is like the fine brushwork of painting; Chengzhai is like the fast mirror of photography, rabbits rise and fall, kites fly and fish leap, fleeting but not gone, change in a blink of an eye and act as if it has not changed, sharp eyes and quick hands, follow The arrow follows the wind, which is the unique place of Chengzhai.Release the ten thousand heads and recite them in the world, but the collections of Chengzhai have been going on alone for hundreds of years, and it is almost impossible to understand them.Fang Weng's "Xie Wang Zilin" said: "I am not as good as Cheng Zhai, this theory is the same in the world"; and "Li Mengzhong Zheyi" said: "Poetry is so that no one loves to work."Fang Weng is not as good as Chengzhai, and it is too clever.Fang Weng is a disciple of Zeng Wenqing, who is the so-called "Deng Biography" in Zhao Zhongbai's "Ti Cha Shan Ji"; see "Jiang Hu Hou Ji" 8 ①.

Gu Chashan's poems are clear and quick, and they are actually close to Chengzhai. The seven-character rhythm is especially often chaotic, and Jiannan Gong's moist body is very different.How can the origin of the teaching method not be as solid as the drums of the local wind? "Houcun Poetry Talk" ② states that "the ancients were fond of fighting, but they were exhausted by Fang Weng."Fang Weng Biqiu's wonderful group luck, crowned the Song Dynasty. "Siliuhua" discusses official affairs ③, there are "cutting mountain language, cutting material language"

In Fang Weng's poems, beauty is difficult to combine, but it is not without suspicion.Juan 18 includes the two couplets of Zhu Xinzhong and Ye Shaoyun in the original ④, which is what Weng called "the remnants are inevitably begging from others" in "Reading Poetry Drafts and Composing Songs at Night on September 1st". For example, "Yu Post House" says: "Ninety thousand miles away, the kun transforms itself, and one thousand years away, the crane still returns." According to the third volume of "Dongxuan Records", Ding Jingong moved to Daozhou poem ⑤: "Ninety thousand miles away, Pengrong Going out to sea, the crane will return to Liao for a thousand years"; "Huangchao Leiyuan" contains the poems that the Duke of Jin called from the cliff to return to his friends, "rong" is "heavy" and "Liao" is "nest". The sixteenth volume of "Five Lanterns Huiyuan" contains the Buddhist Indian Bi language ⑥: "Ninety thousand li Pengs go out from the sea, and one thousand years of cranes return to heaven." Later, when the sky collapsed and the earth collapsed"; according to Chen Jianzhai's "Wine in the Rain" ⑦: "The sky is turned upside down and the spring is hurt, and the tooth is broken and the head is blessed." "Chunjinshanzhongjishi" says: "Personnel affairs are special and happy every day, and plum blossoms are less fragrant than old times"; and according to Chen Houshan's "Ciyun Li Jie Pushing Nine Days to Climb Nanshan" ⑧: "Personnel affairs are born from today's meaning, and cold flowers are only made last year. fragrant". (Pages 118-119) ① Zeng Wenqing: Zeng Ji’s posthumous posthumous title, Chashan Jushi, has eight volumes of “Chashan Ji”.Zhao Zhongbai: Zhao Gengfu's character. "Jianghu Houji": twenty-four volumes, compiled by Song Chenqi.

② "Houcun Shihua": There are fourteen episodes in total, including the first episode, the second episode, the sequel, and the new episode, written by Liu Kezhuang of the Song Dynasty. ③The second volume of "Siliuhua", written by Song Wangzheng. ④: Twenty volumes, written by Song Wang Yinglin.Zhu Xinzhong: Zhu Yizi.Ye Shaoyun: Ye Mengde's characters. ⑤ "Dongxuan Transcripts": Fifteen volumes, written by Song Weitai.Ding Jingong: Song Dingwei, named Jin Guogong. ⑥ "Five Lanterns Huiyuan": Twenty volumes, written by Song monk Puji.Foyin: The Song monk took the Yuan name.

⑦ Chen Jianzhai: Song Chen Yuyi's name, there are sixteen volumes of "Jianzhai Ji". ⑧Chen Houshan: Chen Shidao's nickname, there are twenty-four volumes of "Houshan Collection". This one is about Lu You's poems, mainly about his Qilu.Here he is compared with Yang Wanli.Lu You "spread brocade and add splendor", add splendor to the icing on the cake, and beautify the scenery that others have already written, so it gets twice the result with half the effort.Yang Wanli captures poetic materials from life, which is to open up new themes and artistic conceptions, and is good at sketching.Experience poetry from life, grasp it immediately, and write it into poetry, like taking a quick mirror, and lose it as soon as you relax.In this regard, Lu You is not as good as Yang Wanli, and Mr. Qian mentioned Lu You's teacher Zeng Ji.Mr. Qian said in "Selected Notes to Song Poems" about when Zeng said: "especially some modern style poems, which are lively and effortless, and have already become Yang Wanli's forerunner." Mr. Qian chose Zeng Ji's "Sanqu Daozhong": Every day is sunny, the brook is full but the mountains are running. The green shade does not diminish, and the oriole sings four or five times." This kind of poem became the harbinger of Yang Wanli.

Here we also talk about the confrontation in Lu You's Qilu, and think that there is a difference between "cutting mountains and cutting materials".Gu Yanwuli talked about casting money, one is to melt copper to cast money, and the other is to mine copper to cast money. The former is close to the language of cutting materials, and the latter is close to the language of cutting mountains.Here, Lu You imitates the triptych poems of Ding Wei, Chen Yuyi and Chen Shidao.This triptych looks good in isolation, but when compared with the original couplet he imitated, it is inevitable that "the remnants are begging from others".