Chapter 33 (10) "Taking vulgarity as elegance, taking the old as new"

New Supplement 6 ① "Rhyme Yang Mingshu again? Citation": "Gai uses vulgarity as elegance, and old things as new, and wins every battle. This poet's wonder." Tianshe Wuzhu②.According to "Houshan Collection" Volume 23 "Poetry Talk" Cloud ③: "Fujian scholars have good poems, they don't need to talk about it, they write to Mei Shengyu ④." It is new, and the vulgar is Yaer.'" Sheng Yu's answer seems to have been lost, and Lai Houshan quoted it, so he knew the origin of the valley.The third volume of Ge Changzhi's "Yunyu Yangqiu" is called Gu Gu and Yang Mingshu's discussion of poetry ⑤, which means that people in the early Southern Song Dynasty conquered the ancients and forgot their ancestors. It is not surprising that Li Pingshan was cited in the second volume of "Zhongzhou Collection" as the preface to Liu Xiyu's poems and also as the valley's poetic method6.Modern Russian formalist literary critic Shiklovsky and others believed that writing is the easiest to follow the old routine and be stereotyped, so the author must use his hands and eyes to make the familiar come alive, or in other words, make the writer wild.Stealing is called Shengyu's second language, long-awaited and first-conscious.Husbands use the old as new, even if they are familiar with it, they will be born; and making the writer wild, can also be called the writing of the wild man, driving the wild words, so that they can enter the literary language, and accept the vulgar in Yaer. "Liuyi Shihua" records the so-called "difficult-to-write state, containing endless meaning" in Sheng Yu's poems⑦.However, the ancestors of the valley and Houshan have no one to ask about the poetry of Shengyu, so they picked it up and wiped it a little.It is true that it is not only the cultivation of words, but also the selection of materials and contexts.Goethe, Novalis, Wordsworth, Coleridge, Shelley, Dickens, Flaubert, Nietzsche, Basketrie, etc. all said to observe things and things8. pregnancy.

(320-321 pages) "Dongpo Inscriptions" Volume Two "Ti Liu Zihou Poems" Part Two: "Using things should use the old as new, and the vulgar as elegant; curious and new is the disease of poetry." It is specially made for "using things", which seems to be inferior to the general formula of the original language. (Page 7 of "Research on Qian Zhongshu") ① New Supplement: The sixth note of Huang Tingjian's Poetry Notes in the Song Dynasty is newly supplemented in the supplementary edition of "Talking on Art Records". ②Tianshe: Ren Yuan's name is Tianshe, which is an annotated collection of Huang Tingjian's poems.

③ "Houshan Collection": Song Chen Shidao was named Houshan, and there are 24 volumes of "Houshan Collection" and "Houshan Shihua". ④ Mei Shengyu: Song Mei Yaochen word. ⑤Ge Changzhi: Ge Cube is named Changzhi. The 20 volumes of "Yunyu Yangqiu" mainly comment on the poetry's conception. ⑥ "Zhongzhou Collection": compiled by Jin Yuan Haowen, ten volumes, selected poems of Jin Dynasty. ⑦ "Liuyi Shihua": one volume, written by Song Ouyang Xiu. ⑧ Goethe: German writer in the 18th and 19th centuries. Novalis: Eighteenth Century German Philosopher.

Wordsworth: English Lakeside poet in the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries. Coleridge: English poet of the 18th and 19th centuries. Shelley: English poet of the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries. Dickens: Nineteenth-century British critical realist writer. Flaubert: Nineteenth-century French critical realist writer. Nietzsche: Nineteenth Century German Philosopher. Pascal: Italian poet of the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries. This one is about the creative method of "taking the vulgar as elegant and using the old as new".This method of creation was discovered by Mr. Qian in Mei Yaochen's letter, but this letter has not been tested. It was mentioned in Chen Shidao's "Houshan Shihua". "Take the vulgar as elegant, and take the old as new", another formulation is "to make the acquainted live, and make the literate wild".According to "Book of Southern Qi? Literary Biography": "Learning to play is rational, and doing things for a long time will lead to obscenity. Caring about articles will make up for the old. If there are no new changes, you can't replace the heroes." Articles are afraid of being ordinary and old.Vulgar means vulgar, that is, mediocre, so it means old.Proposed "new changes", that is, changing vulgarity into elegance and changing oldness into freshness.

The vulgar and old-fashioned things are outdated, and people don't want to see them, so they have to change.Change vulgarity into elegance, and elegance means integrity, which means correctness. Change the stale to fresh, and if it is fresh, people will love to watch it. "Make the acquainted come alive", that is, change the old into the new. What everyone is familiar with is old, so it needs to be changed into new. According to "The Analects of Confucius? Yong Ye": "The quality wins the writing, and the wildness, and the writing wins the quality, and the history." The wildness refers to the simplicity of the countryside, and the history masters the knowledge and practice of the history books, but the honesty is insufficient, that is, the history The hypocrisy of the text. "Envoys to write wildly"

Even if the Chinese and hypocritical diction becomes sincere and simple.Only honesty and simplicity are correct, and flamboyance and hypocrisy are vulgar. "To make writers wild" is close to "taking vulgarity as elegance".From another perspective, Mr. Qian said, "to make literary people wild", which in turn means "to make wild people literary", to make rural colloquialism elegant, that is, to "take vulgarity as elegance".Mr. Qian also pointed out that "the same is true for the selection of materials and the environment." To change the vulgar into the elegant and the old into the fresh, I am afraid that it is inseparable from the selection of materials and the environment.When writing, choose the correct and fresh materials, and discard the vulgar and old materials, so that you can "take the vulgar as elegant, and use the old as new", and the same is true for the situation.

In "Dongpo Inscriptions and Postscripts", it is pointed out that "taking the old as new and taking the vulgar as elegant" also has limitations. If it is for "curiosity to seek newness, it is a disease of poetry." In a word, it is specially made for "using things".In fact, "the selection of materials and the environment is the same."What these two sentences refer to includes the selection of materials and the environment, not limited to the use of things.Therefore, Su Shi's words, "It seems to be inferior to the general formula of the original language", if you are curious and innovative in using things, "Take the old as new, and take the vulgar as elegant", there are indeed limitations.However, there is no limitation in the selection of materials and environments, "using the old as new, and taking the vulgar as elegant", for example, Mr. Qian's "Selected Notes on Song Poetry" selected Zheng Wenbao's "Willow Branch Ci": ;Regardless of mist and wind and rain, I will leave and hate across the south of the Yangtze River." The note said: "This poem is very similar to Wei Zhuang's "Ancient Parting" in the Tang Dynasty: "Clear smoke, desert willows and scorpions, don't be half drunk with love and wine. More Point the jade whip cloud outward, and the heartbroken spring is Jiangnan.' But the third and fourth sentences are much fresher and deeper than the second half of Wei Zhuang's." Zheng Wenbao's poems belong to the comparison in the selection of materials and the environment. Wei Zhuang's poems are fresh and deep, so they are good.