Chapter 13 (11) Reasonable and interesting poetry interpretation

Volume 8 of "Helin Yulu" ①: "Du Shaoling's quatrains say: 'The mountains and rivers are beautiful in the late days, the flowers and plants are fragrant in the spring breeze; the swallows are flying in the mud, and the mandarin ducks are sleeping in the sand." The first two sentences see two rooms, and the next two sentences see everything Don't be uncomfortable. Most of the ancients' good poems depend on how people see them and what people use them for. For example, "the flow of water does not compete with the heart, and the clouds care about it too late"; I am happy to talk about the dialogue between birds and birds, and the fragrance will continue to grow and the trees will cross flowers' and other sentences. You can only look at it as a scenery, or not as a scenery." Wei Heshan's "Preface to the Collection of Huang Taishi" said ②: "The poems of the valley in the late years, the income is particularly deep. .Using grass and wood articles, send out the emperor's machine, and refer to the poem "Rain Silk". Use the harmony of flowers and bamboos to test people's well-being." Refer to the poem "Bin Lao Sick and Touring the East Garden".

Ming Wang's "Zhenze Changyu" volume ③ "Article" said: "'Water flows without competition, and clouds care about it too late.' People and things are in harmony, and there is the interest of me and the point." A piece of cloud and sky are forever, forever The night and the moon are in the same solitary'; and if it is all in harmony with things. It is impossible to say that this old man does not know." Qing Youdong's "Gen Zhai Miscellaneous Talk" Volume 2 also said: "Du Shiyun: 'Water flows without competition, and clouds care about everything. Late.' Shao Yaofu's poem said: 'When the moon reaches the heart of heaven, when the wind comes to the surface of the water.' ④Zimei is not a person who knows, so how can he agree with Yaofu's words.

I wrote a couplet: "Water flows and clouds are here, and the moon comes and the wind comes." For this scene, you can witness Dao Cun. "(229 pages) ① "Helin Yulu": sixteen volumes, compiled by Song Luo Dajing. ② Wei Heshan: Song Wei Liao Weng, who built his room under Baihe Mountain, is called Mr. Heshan by scholars. ③Wang Kui: There are two volumes of "Zhenze Changyu", which are divided into classics, poems and articles. ④Shao Yaofu: Shao Yong, Song Confucianist. This is an entertaining poem.For example, in Du Fu's Quatrains, "It may be said that this poem is different from that of children. Yu said: No.

The first two sentences see that two questions are not business, and the next two sentences see that everything is inappropriate.Is it not enough to feel the true joy in my heart if I chant it and recognize it here? "("Crane Calling Yulu") here points out that Du Fu's "Quatrains" contains a truth, which is "seeing the two (heaven and earth) is not a business, and all things are inappropriate." This truth is implicit in the scenery , so it is a rational and interesting poem. Another example is Du Fu's "Jiangting", which uses the "water flow" to slowly relieve the "clouds" and connects "the heart does not compete"

"It's too late to express your mind", combining the scenery to express your mind.It is also like Shi Manqing's poem "Tizhang's Garden Pavilion": "I am happy to talk to birds and talk to each other, and the fragrance will continue to cross trees." "The fragrance is constantly growing", this is also combined with the scenery to illustrate the taste.It is like "the wild scenery is not separated by mountains, the sky and the water are directly connected." Write the author's feelings about the scenery, the wild scenery is boundless, and the water and the sky are the same color.Wei Liaoweng talked about Huang Tingjian's poem, calling it the poem "Rain Silk": "The smoke and clouds are far away and the mist is dense, and the fog and rain are more dense. The emperor's zhuji of grass and trees. Originally dyed the morning glow into five colors, and supplemented the court clothes for the king." This is the use of rain to make the grass and trees bloom and become grass and trees articles, replacing the zhu machine of the emperor of heaven, and turning it into the king's court clothes.This is the theory of playing with the scenery.Also "Bin Lao (Huang Bin Lao) Touring the East Garden due to illness": "The master is at ease, and the flowers and bamboos are harmonious. When you appreciate it from the outside, you can taste it from the wine in the urn."

From the harmony of flowers and bamboos, one can experience the peace of mind.From the mood of the contact person in the scenery, it is like the "Analects of Confucius? Advanced" once said: "Those who are in late spring, spring clothes are ready, five or six people who are crowned, and six or seven boys, bathe in Yi, dance in the wind, and return home after singing. " The master sighed and said: "I and Dian also." That is to say, Du Fu has experience from natural scenery, which is similar to what Zeng Dian said, which was praised by Confucius.Song Confucianist Shao Yong's "When the moon reaches the heart of heaven, when the wind comes to the surface of the water", he also has experience with natural scenery, which shows that it is consistent with Du Fu's rational and interesting poems.There are two forms here: "Chi Ri Jiang Shan Li" only describes the beauty of the scenery, which is consistent with "Moon to the Heart of Heaven", without writing the author's experience, which is implicit in the poem and not written.One is "the flow of water does not compete with the heart", and the author's experience is written.