Chapter 11 (9) Indicate the purpose of the poem

(Huang Tingjian) "The Poetry of the Old Keting in the Second Rhyme": "The guest pavilion is long and short from the north to the south, and the passers-by in Gungun know it. Only when you meet, you will see each other. A cup of happiness is only sadness." Qingshen Notes Citing Wei Yingwu's poem ①: "Meeting today is not the old days, and a cup of joy becomes sorrow." According to the origin of the last sentence, the purpose of the poem is not clear. "Mr. Huang's Collected Works of Yuzhang" Volume 26 "Postscript Hu Shaoji and Liu Bangzhi Poems", citing his poems as saying: "Meng Hun is ignorant of his life in the north and south, and he has already fallen in love with meeting each other; the same pedestrians are separated, and they are unbearable. For Li Sheng", you can refer to printing.The guest pavilion is a place where the journey stops temporarily. The first volume of the "Surangama Sutra" says: "It is like a traveler who lodges in a brigade for lodging or food. After the lodging and food are completed, he pretends to have a future and does not let him live in peace." On the same boarding trip, even though Yunping meets by chance, the needle mustard has a blind date, as Wang Ziyuan said in "Four Sons' Talk on Morals" ②: "If there is no joy that has accumulated over time, everyone will meet on the way and think of it as a relative." Blades are easy to cook ③, horses are hard to stop, each takes advantage of the future, there will be no future meeting, and when you meet the real grass, don't get more attached.The valley poem is its meaning.Hu Shi seems to use Tang Changsun Zuofu's "Farewell Friends": "Whoever is in the same quilt and breaks up, it is better to travel ruthlessly." (337-338 pages) ①Qingshen: Shi Ronghao, annotated "Poems from Outside the Valley".

② Wang Ziyuan: Wang Baozi, see "Selected Works" for discussion. ③ sheep blade is easy to cook: it means that time is short. This article talks about exploring the meaning of the poem in the commentary, citing Shirong to comment on Huang Tingjian's poems, which have "unclear poetic purpose".The last line of this poem is "A glass of happiness only becomes sorrow." Shi Rong noted the source of this sentence, which is good.But this sentence includes what the theme of the poem is, without notes.Look at Wei Yingwu's poem again: "The meeting today is not the old days, and a cup of joy becomes sorrow."

It is joy to meet today, but this day is not the old one, it is sadness.This change of sorrow and joy is due to the difference between today and the old days.But in Huang Tingjian's poems, people who don't know each other meet in the guest pavilion. Chengxi only becomes sad", which is different from Wei Yingwu's so sad and happy, but for what?Didn't say it, so "the purpose of the poem is not clear".How to explain the purpose of the poem?Mr. Qian quoted the Shurangama Sutra to explain the blind date met by chance, and then quoted Wang Bao's "Four Sons Talking about Virtue" to explain the blind date encountered suddenly on the way. That is to say, to express the reluctance to leave among the guests, so as to point out the purpose of the poem.And use Hu Shaoji's poems as a comparison, from which the purpose of the poem can be explained.Mr. Qian also pointed out that Hu Shi reversed Changsun Zuofu's poems. Changsun Zuofu's poems thought that it was not as heartless as a traveler, but Hu Shi wrote about love.

This shows that to annotate a poem, it is not enough to just quote the source of the words and sentences, but also to indicate the purpose of the poem, which can be used as a reference for related poems or situations.