Chapter 7 (5) On post-citation and pre-note

The rest of this theory has the disease of generalization and abruptness①.Just note the origin of the words and sentences, and it is advisable to collect the author's previous writings. However, if the previous records are not available, then the same time or the words of later generations can be cited as a reference.If the origin of the word is obtained, but the meaning of the word is still unclear, and it is necessary to observe the same time and the words of later generations to understand it, then it is not appropriate to leave it alone. Ban Mengjian's Preface to Two Capitals Fu?

Under the sentence of "the imperial court has nothing to do", a good commentary quoted Cai Yong's "Du Juan" and said: "All interpretations may be quoted before the Ming Dynasty, and the duties of the ministers dare not be exclusive. He is like this"; "Dongdu Fu" Under the sentence of "Tiyuan Lizhi", the good commentary to Du Yu's "Zuo Zhuan Zhu" "Tiyuan Yijuzheng" is the origin of the Chinese language, and this kind of writing is encountered once in a while. The next sentence of "Youping Zuocheng" in "Xijing Fu" ②, is good at annotating and citing "Zuo Yi Youping" in "Xi Du Fu", using the class to prove Zhang, and it is like printing Fanqin's poems and Cao Zijian's Fu.Liu Xuxi's comment on Yanhu's commentary ③ cannot be generalized.For example, Volume 38 "Farewell to Wang Qin" says: "The mountains and forests are long and look back, and the children are suddenly full of them." Yanhu Annotation quotes Xie Shihou's poem ④: "Wear the outdoors with your clothes upside down, and call your children to worship before the lamp"; Xu Guo

Yun: "Traveling sickness is like sleepy wine, and homesickness is like a series of chains." Yanhu Annotation quotes Dongpo's poem ⑤: "The taste of the next chapter is like the taste of wine";Volume 47 says: "Yacha didn't know the fate, and flew over the front of Beishan with people on her back", and Yanhu quoted Su Zi's beautiful poem ⑥: "Yacha's youngest daughter, half crying and half talking between flowers and branches"; according to "Su Xueshi Anthology" "Volume 8 "Wearing the Oriole in the Rain" said: "The youngest daughter of a charming family", Yanhu changed the characters to attach Jinggong's poems, which is not enough as a lesson.Gu Fu has a catch and put it in one place to make people realize the law of reborn, such as Juan 40 "Sending Hope to Linjiang" says: "The yellow bird has a head, and it can travel thousands of miles." "Poem ⑦: "Although the head travels thousands of miles"; Volume 46 "Han Xin" says:

"Jiang Pingbei faced the captives, and this matter has been lonely for a long time in the world." Yanhu commented on the valley: "Successfully made a thousand gold to raise the captives, and set up Guangwu to sit on the east side. .” However, the meaning of these two notes first appeared in Volume 10 of Wu Zeng’s “Neng Gai Zhai Man Lu” ⑧.According to Wu Shulun's "Poetry of Sending Hope to Shou Linjiang", the second volume of "Tiaoxi Yuyin Conghua" is cited as "Fu Zhai Manlu"⑨.The "Fu Zhai Man Lu" quoted in the Southern Song Dynasty is mostly found in the current "Neng Gai Zhai Man Lu", such as the sentence "quietly resting and the rooster crowing at noon" in Volume 22 of Yanhu Annotation Volume 22 "Ji Shi" Eight "Zhang Shilang Shidong's New Residence and Remuneration"

The sentence "En from Kai to surprise Yantai" all quotes "Fu Zhai Man Lu", as well as Volume 25 and Volume 32 of "Cong Hua", the second collection, and both of them can be found in "Neng Gai Zhai Man Lu" volume three. Volume 7 of "Neng Gaizhai Manlu" discusses Jing Gong's "Zhang Shilang Shidong's New Residence and Remuneration" This couplet is very detailed, but there are only a few words in Volume 3. One of the two should be "Fu Zhai Manlu" ; Volume 3 discusses He Nangtiao "Cong Hua" and Volume 26 of the latter collection is cited as "Fu Zhai Man Lu", and "Lupu Notes" Volume 3 corrects "Neng Gai Zhai Man Lu" ⑩.Sri Lanka is beyond doubt. "Siku Zongmu" Volume 18 "Neng Gai Zhai Manlu" summary says: "The repeated transcriptions inevitably mean revisions, so there are many mistakes in the references, and I don't know which one is the original"; Volume 130 5. A small note to the summary of "Bai Kong Liu Tie" says: "According to "Fu Zhai Man Lu" is now lost, this article can be found in "Tiaoxi Yuyin Cong Hua". Gong ⑿, he was unsure at first. (389-391 pages) ① Hutu: Confused.

②墄 (ce measurement): steps. ③Liu Xuxi: Song Liu Chenweng, there is "Xuxi Collection".Yanhu, named by Song Libi, has fifty volumes of "Wang Jinggong Poetry Notes". ④ Xie Shihou: Xie Jingchu, who was born at the same time as Wang Anshi. ⑤Dongpo: Dongpo Jushi named Su Shi in Song Dynasty.Su Shi and Wang Anshi were at the same time but later. ⑥Su Zimei: Song Su Shunqing's character is slightly earlier than Wang Anshi's. ⑦Valley: Song Huang Tingjian was a Daoist in the valley.Huang Tingjian succeeded Wang Anshi. ⑧ Wu Zeng: A native of the Song Dynasty, there are eighteen volumes of "Neng Gai Zhai Man Lu".

⑨ "Tiaoxi Yuyin Conghua": "Front Collection" 60 volumes, "Later Collection" 40 volumes, written by Song Huzai. ⑩ "Lupu Notes": ten volumes, written by Song Liuchang. ⑾ "Bai Kong Liutie": 100 volumes, "Six Tie" written by Tang Bai Juyi, "Later Liutie" written by Song Kongzhuan. ⑿Ge Gong: A native of the Eastern Han Dynasty, good at diction.Someone asked Gong Dai to write a memorial, and when he copied it, he copied Gong's name and forgot to write his own name. People at that time said: "Although the work is done, it is better to go to Ge Gong."

The quotations in this lecture are for appreciation, so it is classified into the appreciation category.An allusion is quoted in the work, indicating that the author thought of this allusion and introduced it into the work when writing.Introducing this allusion in the note, you can understand what triggers from this allusion when the author quotes this allusion, and help readers understand the author's feelings.Therefore, if the quotation in the note is quoted by the author's later generations, if the author cannot see it, it will not play this role.So can the citation in the note quote the words of people after the author?Mr. Qian studied this issue from the Annotations of Li Shan in "Selected Works", and thought that if you can't find any data that can be cited from the words of the author's predecessors, or if you find the materials of the predecessors but can't understand it, then you should quote the author's contemporaries or later It is still possible to use human data to prove it.For example, Cai Yong’s words were quoted in Ban Gu’s preface to Liangdu Fu in Wenxuan, that is, to quote the words of later generations to comment on the works of the predecessors, explaining that “quoting the latter to clarify the former, the officials dare not be exclusive in their duties. "The main idea is to quote the words of later generations to explain, which means that I dare not use my own words.It is also like citing Ban Gu's words to comment on Zhang Heng's Fu, citing Fanqin's poems to comment on Cao Zhi's Fu, that is, citing the words of the author's contemporaries to make comments.According to Li Shan's notes, as long as the quotation is appropriate, it is also possible.

Mr. Qian also quoted Li Bi's commentary on Wang Anshi's poems as an example.For example, "Children and daughters suddenly fill up the front", this statement is very clear, there is no need to quote, but Li Bi quoted Xie Jingchu's "call all the children to worship before the lamp". The situation in the poem is different, and such quotations are completely unnecessary.Another example is to quote Su Shi's "The taste of the next chapter is like the taste of wine", and to note Wang Anshi's poem "Travel sickness is like sleepy wine". Refers to the failure of the exam, the mood of the two is different, so it is not accurate to use "zhongjiu" to note "sleeping wine".Again, Li Bi cited Su Shunqing's "youngest daughter of the family" and changed it to "the youngest daughter of the Yacha family" to note Wang Anshi's "Yacha doesn't know the truth about fate", "Jiaoyu" refers to the young daughter's demeanor, Wang Anshi's "Yacha family's youngest daughter" "Ya Cha" refers to the song of a yellow warbler, and it is even more wrong to change the word to cite it.

Mr. Qian also pointed out that there are some better ones, such as Wang Anshi's "Send Lu Wangzhi to Linjiang": "The oriole has a head, and it can travel more than ten thousand miles. I think that because the king is out to guard, I can temporarily avoid budding." Huang Tingjian's poem "The Oriole": "Cows and dogs hang down to the sky and cut and cook, and the tiny oriole is not greedy for life. Although the head travels thousands of miles , It’s like talking about soup with Yanmei Fu.” Li Bi quoted “Although the head travels thousands of miles” to note. "The head travels thousands of miles", see "The Book of the Later Han? Yuan Shao Biography": Yuan Shaozi Yuan Shang and Yuan Xi were defeated and went to Liaodong to vote for Gongsun Kang. Kang caught them and sat on the frozen ground. Yuan Shang begged for a mat.Kang said, "What do you do when you travel thousands of miles with your head?" So he beheaded the two heads and gave them to Cao Cao.Wang Anshi used this allusion to say that the oriole has a head and can fly thousands of miles.

I thought that because Lu Wangzhi went out to be the prefect of Linjiang, the oriole would be saved from being hunted and killed as Baoju, which meant wrapping with things.Huang Tingjian rewrote Wang Anshi's poem as a yellow sparrow, although it can travel thousands of miles, but it still has to be hunted and killed for cooking soup.That is to use Wang Anshi's poems to separate new ideas, so it is called "reborn".Another example is Wang Anshi's poem: "The general surrendered to the captives in the north. This matter has been lonely for a long time." See "Han Shu? Lead 20,000 elite soldiers to attack the food road.Chen Yu refused to listen, so Han Xin marched in and killed Chen Yu and captured Li Zuodong.Believe in it and untie it, teach it.Wang Anshi used this incident to praise Han Xin.Li Bi quoted Huang Tingjian's poems as annotations.Huang Tingjian turned two lines of Wang Anshi's poem into four lines, which is also the method of "reborn", so that people can understand how to "reborn", which is still useful.Next, I will talk about "Fu Zhai Man Lu", which is now lost. See "Taoxi Yuyin Cong Hua", some of which are also found in "Neng Gai Zhai Man Lu". The two books quote "Man Lu". Exam.