Chapter 10 Chapter Ten: Sima Xiangru and Sima Qian

Chapter Ten: Sima Xiangru and Sima Qian When Emperor Wu was a literati, his Fu Mo Ruo Sima Xiangru[1], his Wen Mo Ruo Sima Qian[2], but one was lonely, and the other was punished.Gaixiong is a writer who is often rebellious and does not want to meet the wishes of the hero, so he is often inferior to ordinary literati when he meets him. Sima Xiangru, courtesy name Changqing, was born in Chengdu, Shu County.When he was young, he was fond of reading and learning fencing, so he was nicknamed Gouzi by his relatives; after learning, he changed his name to Xiangru after admiring Lin Xiangru[3].Taking Zi as the man, [4] served as Emperor Jing.The emperor was not good at writing Fu. When King Xiao of Liang came to the court, the lobbyist Zou Yangmei Cheng Yanji and others all followed him. He was happy when he saw each other.Emperor Wu stood up, read it well, and said: "I can't be at the same time as this person?" Yang Deyi, a native of Shu, served as the dog supervisor to serve the emperor [5], because he said that it was Sima Xiangru, a native of his town, who called him to ask Xiangru.Xiangru said: Yes.However, this is a matter for the princes, and it is not enough to watch. Please give it to the emperor for hunting.Emperor Ling Shangshu gave the pen note.Xiangru said that "Zixu" is empty words, and it is called by Chu; "Mr. Wuyou" has nothing to do with it, and it is difficult for Qi; "Death is a public", death is a person, and he wants the righteousness of the son of heaven.Therefore, I used these three people as an excuse to push the garden of the son of heaven and the princes.His death chapter is attributed to frugality, because of irony and remonstrance.Its stationery is stored in "Historical Records" and "Hanshu" biography; the second half of "Wenxuan" is "Shanglin Fu", or is it a continuation after Zhaowen?

As soon as Xiangru played the Fu, Emperor Wu was very happy and thought he was a man; when he was a few years old, he wrote "Yu Ba Shu Xi" [6], worshiped the general of Zhonglang, went to Shu, and communicated with the Southwest Yi. Thinking so, I wrote the article "Father and Elder in Nanshu".Afterwards, someone wrote a letter saying that Xiangru received money when he was an envoy, so he lost his official position. When he was more than one year old, he was called back to be a man.However, he often lives at leisure, does not admire officials and nobles, and often excuses and satirizes, and has slight remarks on hunting and slander [7].Worship Xiaowen Garden Order.Emperor Wu considered "Zixu Fu" to be good, and he was like observing his good gods, so he said: "The things in Shanglin are not beautiful enough, and there are still some of them. I tasted it as "Daren Fu" [8], but it was not completed; Please play it." It means that the Confucianism of the immortals lives in the mountains and marshes, and the description is very awkward, which is not the emperor's immortal meaning.But that lord, who lives in Zhongzhou, is sad and oppressed by the world, so he acts lightly, takes advantage of nothingness, surpasses no friends, forgets the world, and lives alone.There are clouds in:

"...Tuning more cars and riding them ten thousand times, clearing the clouds to cover and setting up the colorful flags. Let Jumang go, and I want to go to the south.... There are many mistakes, and the miscellaneous glue is used to gallop. Harassing and rushing, the forest is separated by the turbulence. The clumps are gathered to form the velvet, and the rotten leaves are formed by the flow. Go into the thunder room and the rhythm of the forest, and the hole comes out of the ghost valley. Digging out Wei Kui.... If the time is warm, it will be muddy. Call Pingyi, Zhu Fengbo, and Xun Yushi. Looking west at Kunlun, the desert is suddenly, and the diameter is almost three dangers. Dismiss the chaos and enter the emperor Palace Xi, carrying the jade girl and returning with her.

Climb to the Langfeng and gather in the distance, and the birds soar and stop.Wandering around the Yinshan Mountains, I saw the Queen Mother of the West today, with her white head and daisheng, and her acupuncture point was here, and I was lucky to have a three-legged black as her envoy.If you live forever, you will not die, even if you help the world, it is not enough to be happy. ..." After playing, Emperor Wu was very happy, fluttering with the air of Lingyun, as if traveling between heaven and earth.Gai Hanxing was fond of the sound of Chu, and the close relatives of Emperor Wu, such as Zhu Maichen, etc., mostly used Chu Ci to advance, but Xiangru changed its style alone, benefiting from the meaning of Wei Qi, decorated with beautiful words, and the length of the sentences was short and long. Informal law, very different from the time.Therefore, Yang Xiong thought that if Confucianism used Fu, Jia Yi would be promoted, and Xiangru would enter the house [9].Ban Gu thought that Western Shu was like a traveling official in the capital, and his articles were the best in the world [10].Yang Xiong, Wang Bao, Li You, [11] Gu, the Queen of Gai, were all from Shu.However, Xiangru also writes short Fu, but there are fewer complex and beautiful words, such as "Fu of Ai II" and "Fu of Changmen" [12].The only "Ode to Beauty" is quite beautiful, and it is almost what Yang Xiong called "persuading all and satirizing one, like the sound of Zheng Wei, and playing elegantly at the end of the song"?

〔13〕"...the way goes out of Zhengwei, the road goes from Sangzhong, it goes to Qinwei in the morning, and stays in the palace in the evening. The Shanggong leisure hall is lonely and empty, the door is raised and the day is closed, and it is as warm as a divine dwelling.The minister lined up his households and built his hall, which is fragrant and fragrant, and the tents are high; there is a woman alone, gracefully on the bed, with wonderful flowers and elegant flowers, and a beautiful appearance. Young master, what has never been nothing is far away? ’ Then set up a decree to drink wine and enter to play the qin.The minister then stroked the strings and composed the songs of "Youlan" and "White Snow".Nv Nai sang: "I'm alone in my room, I'm lonely, I miss my beautiful woman, I'm sad."Why is it too late for a beauty to come?As the sun sets, the beauty fades away, and if you dare to rely on yourself, you will grow selfish. The jade hairpin hangs the minister's crown, and the sleeves brush the minister's clothes.It is day and night, dark and dark, the wind is brutal, the snow is falling, the spare room is quiet, and there is no sound of people. ... Chen Nai's pulse is fixed in his heart, his heart is in his heart, he vowed firmly, he will not return to his ambition, and he holds it up high, and bids his farewell to him. "

Xiangru was spared from illness and lived in Maoling. Emperor Wu heard that he was seriously ill, so he sent Zhong Zhong to fetch books (14), and he died (previously 117).Only one volume of books was obtained, which said that Zen things were sealed.Gai Xiangru tasted the scriptures from Juan [15].Therefore, he seldom travels in officialdom with writing and Ci, and in his later years he plays the ceremony of enshrining Zen.In elementary school, there is "Fan Jiang Pian" [16], which does not exist today.However, his specialty lies in Ci Fu. Although the production is very slow [17], he does not learn from the old ways. , the diction is extremely beautiful, the brushwork is extremely elegant, and the spirit is extremely fluid. Changsha has his ideas but no talents, Ban Zhangpan has his talents but no pens, and Ziyun has his pens but not his spiritual flow. [18] It can be said that it has been overwhelmed by critics of Zhen family in the past dynasties.

Sima Qian Zichang, a native of Hanoi, was born in Longmen. He recited ancient prose at the age of ten. At twenty, he traveled to Wuhui in the south, Wensi in the north, Zoulu in the north, and returned from Liang to Chu. He became a doctor. Father Tan [19], for the order of the Taishi, died at the beginning of the Yuan Dynasty.After moving to inherit his career, Li Ling surrendered to the Xiongnu in the middle of the Han Dynasty, and moved to the Mingling Mausoleum without guilt.After being sentenced, he became the order of Zhongshu. Because of his anger, according to "Zuo Shi", "Guoyu"; collected "Shiben", "Warring States Policy"; described "Chu Han Chunqiu", [20] and finally became "Historical Records" one hundred Thirty chapters [21], starting with the Yellow Emperor, describing Tao and Tang in the middle, and ending with Emperor Wu's acquisition of Bai Lin. Gai claimed that his book was followed by "Spring and Autumn".His friend Ren An, the governor of Yizhou [22], tried to take responsibility for the righteousness of the ancient virtuous ministers, and moved the newspaper to say:

"...So forbearance, those who live in the dung and dirt, hate selfishness endlessly, contemptuous of the world, but the literary talent is not shown in the future. The ancients were rich and famous, but the name is indelible, but the suave ones are called Gai Xibo played "Book of Changes" under arrest; Zhong Nier wrote "Spring and Autumn"; Qu Yuan was exiled, but he wrote "Li Sao"; Zuo Qiu was blind, and he had "Mandarin Language"; The three hundred poems in the "Poetry" are mostly written by sages and sages.This person all intends to be depressed and unable to understand the way, so he tells the past and thinks about the future.For example, Zuoqiu Ming has no eyes, and his grandson has broken his foot and is finally unusable. He retreats from the book policy to relieve his anger, and thinks about empty words to see for himself.The servant is not inferior to stealing, almost relying on incompetent words, snatching the world to let go of old news, examining his actions, and judging his success or failure. There are a hundred and thirty articles.

I also want to use the time between heaven and man to understand the changes of the past and the present, and become a family statement.Before the initial creation is completed, this disaster will happen, but it is a pity that it will not succeed, so the capital punishment will not be stunned.Servant has written this book, the famous mountain is hidden, passed on to his people, and the metropolis of the city, then the servant will pay the responsibility of the previous humiliation, even if he is killed, how can he regret it?However, this can be said by a wise man, but it is difficult for a layman to say! ..."

After Qian's death, the book gradually came out; during the time of Emperor Xuan, his grandson Yang Yun[23] Zu narrated his book, and then announced it.Ban Biao [24] was rather dissatisfied, thinking that "collecting the scriptures and spreading them, and dispersing the affairs of several schools, there are many omissions, and there may be some inconsistencies. Also, his involvement in the strategy is extensive, running through the scriptures and biography, and galloping through thousands of years from ancient to modern times. Diligent. And its right and wrong are very much in the mind of the sages: when discussing the Dao, the Huang Lao is the first and then the Six Classics; when you are a knight-errant, you retreat from the scholars and enter the traitors; Lu Jia wrote "Chu Han Chunqiu", although most of the right and wrong are based on Confucianism, but Tai Shi's duty is originally from Taoism, and his father Tan also admired Huang Lao. Those who are old.Kuang Fa wrote a book with a self-motivated intention. He and Ren An said in a book: "The ancestors of the servant did not have the merit of dissecting the Fu Dan book. The literature, history and ephemeris are close to divination and Zhu. The prevailing customs despise it. If a servant obeys the law and is punished, he is like an ant. He hates a jester, devotes his heart to ink, feels the humiliation of his life experience, and passes on the deformity to thousands of years. The meaning of "Spring and Autumn" is certainly the swan song of historians, and "Li Sao" has no rhyme.However, it is not limited to historical law, not limited to words, but it is written from the heart and from the heart, so it can be like Mao Kun [26] said: "Reading the biography of You Xia makes you want to commit suicide, and reading Qu Yuan and Jia Yi's biography makes you want to shed tears." Reading Zhuang Zhou, Lu Zhonglian's biography means wanting to leave the world, reading Li Guang's biography means fighting, reading Shi Jian's biography means bowing down, reading Xinling, and Ping Yuan's biography means wanting to support scholars."

However, the "Hanshu" has stated that "Historical Records" is lacking [27], so there are many continuations, such as Mr. Chu, Feng Shang, Liu Xin [28] and so on. The "Hanshu" also came from Liu Xin, so Cui Shi thought that the texts of "Historical Records" were similar to the whole book and matched with "Hanshu", and they were also continued by Xin; If the age is separated and the chapters and sentences are broken, it should be the addition of the later generations and the detachment of Chaoxu. 〔29〕Moving to literature, but also loving Fu, I like to accept the biography.Its "Diao Qu Yuan Fu" and "Fu Fu" are recorded in "Jia Yi Zhuan", while "Hanshu" contains the entire "Security Policy", and there is no Fu [30]. The first and second chapters of "The Biography of Sima Xiangru" contain many poems, such as "Zixu" (combined with "Shanglin"), "Ai II", "Adult" and so on.Since he also made Fu [31], there are eight articles in "Han Zhi", and now only one "Shibuyu Fu" is passed down, which Ming Hu Yinglin thought was a fake (32). By the time of Emperor Xuan, he was still compiling the stories of Emperor Wu, talking about the books of the Six Arts Group, and learning all about the strange things; he was recruiting those who could be Chuci, so Liu Xiang[33], Zhang Ziqiao, Hualong, Liu Bao[34], etc. were all called to wait for the imperial edict Golden Horse Gate.He was also praised by the king of Shu, named Ziyuan, and his work "Ode to the Holy Lord Gets a Worthy Minister" was written by Zhang Ziqiao and others.Praise can be used as a ode, and also as a haiku; later Fang scholars said that Yizhou has the treasure of golden horse and green rooster, Emperor Xuan ordered praise to worship, and died of illness in Taoism. reference book: "Historical Records" (Volume 17, 130) "Hanshu" (volume fifty-seven, sixty-two, sixty-four) "Exploring the Origin of Historical Records" (Cui Shi) "History of Chinese Literature" (Chapter 4 and Chapter 5 of Part Three) "Outline of the History of Chinese Literature" (Part Three, Chapter Six) "Study of Chinese Literature" (Torao Suzuki, Japan) Volume 1 ※ ※ ※ 〔1〕Sima Xiangru (179 BC - 117 BC), with the style name Changqing, was born in Chengdu (now part of Sichuan) in Shu County in the Western Han Dynasty.He has written many poems and Fu, including "Sima Wenyuan Collection".See the biography of "Hanshu" for his deeds. [2] Sima Qian (about 145-about 86 BC) was born in Xiayang (now Hancheng, Shaanxi) in the Western Han Dynasty. "Historical Records Preface to Tai Shi Gong" said "Moving to Longmen", and Tang Zhang Shoujie's "Justice" quoted "Kuo Dizhi": "Longmen Mountain is in Xiayang County, and it was moved to Han Xiayang County, and it was changed to Hancheng County in Tang Dynasty. " His "Historical Records" is the first biographical general history of our country.For his deeds, see "Historical Records Tai Shigong's Preface" and "Han Shu" biography. [3] Lin Xiangru was a native of Zhao during the Warring States period, and his official position was the highest.See "Historical Records Biography of Lin Xiangru" for his deeds. 〔4〕Using Zi as the language of Lang, see "Han Shu Sima Xiangru Biography".Tang Yan Shigu's note: "The reading of Zi is the same as that of 赀. 赀 means wealth. If you have a lot of money, you will be worshiped as a man." 〔5〕Yang Deyi's "Hanshu Sima Xiangru Biography" contains: "Yang Deyi, a man from Shu, is a dog prisoner and serves him. He read "Zixu Fu" and was good at it, saying: 'I can't be at the same time as this person!' Proudly said: ” Sima Xiangru, a native of Chenyi, said to himself for this Fu. When I was shocked, I called and asked Xiangru. "Dog supervisor, Yan Shigu notes: "The main Tianzi field hound." 〔6〕 "Yu Bashu Calligraphy" and "Han Shu Sima Xiangru Biography" contain: "Xiangru is a few years old. More than ten thousand people were transferred to Cao Cao, and the rate of the canal was punished by the army. The people of Bashu were terrified. When they heard about it, they sent their prime ministers to blame Tang Meng and others, because they told the people of Bashu that they were not up to date." Yan Shigu's note: " Yelang and Bozhong are both Southwestern Yi." The following "Nanshu Fathers and Elders" and "Sima Xiangru Biography" also contain: "When Xiangru was envoys, the elders of Shu talked a lot about the use of the Southwestern Yi, and the ministers also thought so. "Xiangru" is writing a book, borrowing the father and elder of Shu as his speech, and criticizing it himself, using Feng Tianzi, and because of proclaiming his command, the people all know the meaning of the emperor." "Yu Ba Shu Xi", "Nan Shu Father" Both articles can be found in the biography of "Han Shu". 〔7〕About Xiangru's irony, remonstrance, hunting and belief, according to "Han Shu Sima Xiangru Biography": Xiangru "taste from the top to the long Yang hunting, it is time for the emperor to attack bears and hogs, gallop wild beasts, For example, because of the remonstrance of the superior,...the superior is good. Return to the Yichun Palace, Xiangru played a poem to mourn the loss of the second generation."There is a saying in the Fu: "If you are not cautious, you will lose power if you die; if you believe in slander, the ancestral temple will be extinct." [8] "Daren Fu" and "Hanshu·Sima Xiangru Biography" contain: "Xiangru sees a good fairy,... Thinking that Confucian scholars of the ranks of immortals live in the mountains and marshes, and the description is very awkward. This is not the emperor's fairy intention, so he played "Ode to Adults". "Yan Shigu's note: "Confucianism, softness, sorcerer is also called, and anyone who has Taoism is Confucianism. "My lord, to tell the emperor." "Fu see "Hanshu" biography. [9] Jia Yi was promoted to the hall, just like entering the room and raising the Xiongyu.See "Hanshu Yiwenzhi" for the language: "The poet's Fu is beautiful, and the poet's Fu is beautiful and obscene. If the Confucian disciples use Fu, Jia Yi will be in the hall, and it will be like entering the house. If you don't use it!" Meaning It is said that Xiangru's Ci Fu attainments are higher than Jia Yi's. 〔10〕The article crowns the world in Bangu language, see "Hanshu·Geography": "Ba, Shu, and Guanghan were originally from Nanyi, and Qin was regarded as a county", "Sima Xiangru was a vassal in the capital, and he was prominent in the world with diction. The party admired and followed its traces. Later, there were Wang Bao, Yan Zun, and Yang Xiong, whose articles were the best in the world." [11] Wang Bao, styled Ziyuan, was born in Zizhong (now Ziyang, Sichuan) in Shu County in the Western Han Dynasty. He was an admonishing doctor during Emperor Xuan.The "Ode to the Holy Lord Gets Worthy Ministers" wrote that "the holy lord must treat the virtuous ministers to promote his achievements, and the good men will also wait for the wise lord to show their virtues", see "Hanshu·Wang Baozhuan".There is also a haiku "Tongyao", which is a game article reflecting the hard life of slaves at that time, see "Yiwen Leiju" Volume 35.Li You, courtesy name Boren, was born in Luo (now Guanghan, Sichuan) in the Eastern Han Dynasty.Shouzhao and Liu Zhen wrote "Han Ji", and also wrote many Fus and inscriptions, "Seven Sighs", "Ai Dian" and so on.For his deeds, see "Book of the Later Han·Biography of Wenyuan". 〔12〕 "Ode to Nagato" Xiangru was written by Empress Chen who lived in Nagato Palace.The Fu describes the loneliness and pain of an abandoned woman in order to move Emperor Wu.Income "Anthology". [13] "Ode to Beauty" written by Sima Xiangru when he was traveling in Liang.It is stated in the Fu that Xiangru doesn't admire women's sex in order to show off his nobility.Income "Ancient Literature Garden".For Yang Xiong's words, see "Han Shu Sima Xiangru's Biography Praise": "Yang Xiong thinks it is an extravagant prose, and he persuades everyone to satirize one, just like the voice of Zheng Wei, and plays elegantly at the end of the song. It's endless drama!" The words are not specifically addressed to "Ode to Beauty".Also, at the end of the biography of "Historical Records", "Taishi Gongyue" also contains this passage, but Sima Qian was many years earlier than Yang Xiong, so it is impossible to quote Yang Xiong's words, which should be added by later generations. [14] "Han Shu Sima Xiangru Biography": "The Son of Heaven said: 'Sima Xiangru is very sick, you can go and get his books from the book, if you are the next one." There is no leftover book. Ask his wife, and he said to him: "Changqing has never had a book. He writes books from time to time, and people take them away. When Changqing was not dead, he made a volume of books. He said that an envoy came to ask for the book and played it." His legacy The scriptures say how to enshrine Zen affairs, and how loyal they are.” See the biography of Han Shu for the enshrinement of Zen.Suo Zhong, a close minister of Emperor Wu, once served as an admonishing doctor, his deeds can be seen in "Shihuo Zhi", "Jiaosi Zhi" and so on. 〔15〕Huan, a native of Linqiong (now Sichuan) in Shu County in the Western Han Dynasty.Qing Jiaqing's "Qiongzhou Zhili Prefecture Chronicles" Volume 34 "Character Chronicles" contains: "Hu An, a native of Linqiong in the old annals, Mr. Dianyidong of Baihe Mountain, a professor of Jutu, has the number of yin and yang in the cultural calendar, and Sima Xiangru. Learn from Yan. Then go to the crane fairy." [16] "Fan Jiang Pian" and "Hanshu·Yiwenzhi": "Sima Xiangru wrote "Fan Jiang Pian" during Emperor Wu, and there is no word for it. Huangmen ordered Shiyou to write "Ji Jiu Pian" during Emperor Yuan's time, and will write "Ji Jiu Pian" during Emperor Cheng The "Yuan Shang Pian" written by the great craftsman Li Chang is all the orthographic characters in "Cang Jie". "Fan Jiang" is quite out of it." "Fan Jiang Pian" survived in the Tang Dynasty, but was lost in the Song Dynasty. 〔17〕 Regarding the slow production of Xiangru, according to "Hanshu Meigao Biography": "Sima Xiangru was good at writing but was late, so he wrote few but was good at Gao." Qing made Yanchi." [18] For Wang Shizhen, see Note [4] on page 186 of this volume.He wrote "Four Manuscripts of Yanzhou Mountain People", "Yiyuan Yanyan" and so on. Volume 2 of "Yiyuan Yanyan": ""Zixu" and "Shanglin" are extremely rich in material, extremely beautiful in speech, and extremely elegant in brushwork, extremely fluid in spirit, and extremely high in meaning, so they are unattainable. Changsha has its intentions but not For their talents, Ban, Zhang, and Pan have their talents but not their pens; Ziyun has his pens but not his spiritual flow." Changsha refers to Jia Yi.Ban, Zhang, and Pan refer to Ban Gu, Zhang Heng, and Pan Yue.Ziyun refers to Yang Xiong. [19] Tan Sima Tan (? - 110 BC), a native of Xiayang (now Hancheng, Shaanxi) in the Western Han Dynasty, Emperor Wu was then Taishi Ling. "Historical Records Tai Shi Gong's Preface" contains, talking about "Learning Tianguan from Tang Dynasty, receiving "Yi" from Yang He, learning Taoism from Huang Zi." "middle. 〔20〕 "Zuo Shi" is "Chunqiu Zuo Shi Zhuan", please refer to Note 〔4〕 on page 392 of this volume. "Guoyu", "Hanshu Yiwenzhi" contains 21 chapters, which are said to have been written by Zuo Qiuming, recording the speeches of the nobles of Zhou, Lu, Qi, Jin, Zheng, Chu, Wu, and Yue during the Western Zhou Dynasty and the Spring and Autumn Period. It can be corroborated with "Zuo Zhuan". "Shiben" and "Hanshu Yiwenzhi" describe fifteen chapters, compiled by historians in the Warring States Period.It describes the surnames, lineages, cities, and productions of princes and officials from the Yellow Emperor to the Spring and Autumn Period, and later generations have added them.The original book has been lost, and there are many editions compiled by the Qing Dynasty. "Warring States Strategy", "Han Shu·Yiwenzhi" contains 33 chapters, compiled by historians or strategists from various countries during the Warring States Period, and edited by Liu Xiang in the Western Han Dynasty. The content is to record the strategies and speeches of lobbyists during the Warring States Period. "Chu-Han Chunqiu", "Han Shu·Yiwenzhi" records nine chapters, written by Lu Jia of the Western Han Dynasty, recording the beginning of Xiang Yu and Liu Bang, and the current affairs of Emperor Hui and Emperor Wen of the Han Dynasty.The original book has been lost, and there is a Qing edition. [21] "Historical Records" has 130 chapters. "Historical Records" has 10 chapters, 12 chapters, 8 chapters, 30 chapters, and 70 biographies, a total of 130 chapters.Tao Tang, that is, Emperor Yao.Yao first settled in Taoqiu (now Dingtao, Shandong), and later moved to Tang (now Tang County, Hebei), so he was called Taotang.Emperor Wu won Bailin, "Hanshu·Benji of Emperor Wudi": "In the first year of Yuanshou (122 BC) in winter and October, he traveled to Yong, and the temple was five, and he won Bailin." 481) Huolin, "Historical Records" ends in the first year of Yuanshou, Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty. [22] Ren An, styled Shaoqing, was born in Xingyang (now Henan) in the Western Han Dynasty.He was convicted of the witch cup and sentenced to death.He wrote to Sima Qian in prison, and Sima Qian wrote back, describing his unfortunate experience and the process of writing "Historical Records".This book is "Bao Ren An Shu", see "Han Shu Biography of Sima Qian" and "Selected Works". 〔23〕Yang Yun (?-54 before) Ziyou, a native of Huayin (now Shaanxi) in the Western Han Dynasty.During the reign of Emperor Xuan, he was granted the title of Marquis of Pingtong and moved to General Zhonglang. Later, he was exempted from being a commoner, and was executed for dissatisfaction.The deeds are attached in "Hanshu·Yang Chang Biography". "Han Shu Sima Qian Biography" contains: "After Qian's death, his book was published a little bit. During the time of Emperor Xuan, Yang Yunzu, the grandson of Pingtong, who moved out, recounted his book, and announced it. " [24] Ban Biao (3-54), styled Shupi, was born in Fufeng Anling (now Xianyang, Shaanxi) in the Eastern Han Dynasty. "Book of the Later Han·Ban Biao Biography" contains: "When Emperor Wu, Sima Qian wrote "Historical Records". It is following the collection of pre-historical remnants, reading anecdotes, writing dozens of postscripts, and ridiculing the gains and losses because of the pre-historical considerations. Its brief discussion is: "... ("Historical Records") collects classics and biography, and disperses hundreds of schools of thought. There are many things that are not as good as the basics. I want to use my knowledge and extensive coverage as a merit, and my discussions are superficial but not honest. In terms of academics, I respect Huang Lao and ignore the "Five Classics"; Ashamed of being poor; Taoist knights, they despise chastity and value vulgar merit: this greatly hurts the Tao, so it is also the responsibility of the death penalty." Lu Xun's quotation here is based on "Han Shu Sima Qian Biography Praise". 〔25〕About Taishi's duty to the original Taoist school.The founder of Taoism is Lao Tzu Li Dan. According to "Historical Records Biography of Lao Tzu and Han Fei", Lao Tzu was once "the history of Zhou Shou's Tibetan room".Tang Simazhen's "Suo Yin": "The history of the library is also the history of the Zhou library." The library is the place where the ancient emperors collected books and documents; History, the official in charge of books, records, and calendars in ancient times. 〔26〕Mao Kun (1512-1601) named Shunfu, named Lumen, was born in Gui'an (now Wuxing, Zhejiang) in Ming Dynasty.Jiajing Jinshi, official to daimyo deputy envoy.For citations, see Volume 1 of "Mr. Mao Lumen Collected Works", "Discussions with the Prefect Cai Baishi", in which "Li Dou" and "Nursing Scholars" were originally written as "Strength Fighting" and "Good Scholars". 〔27〕"Historical Records" is missing, "Hanshu · Sima Qian Biography" lists the "Historical Records" chapters and then says: "And ten chapters are missing, there are records but no books." The Three Kingdoms Wei Zhangyan notes: "After the relocation, "Jingji" died , "Wu Ji", "Book of Rites", "Book of Music", "Book of War", "Chronology of Generals and Prime Ministers since Han Xing", "Biography of the Japanese", "Family of Three Kings", "Biography of Gui Ce", "Fu Jin Lie Biography." Yan Shigu's note: "There is no "Book of War" in the preface, and Zhang Yun died, so this is not true." Liu Zhiji's "Shitong · Ancient and Modern Official History" thought that "the ten chapters are not completed, but there are records." [28] Mr. Chu is Chu Shaosun, see note [25] on page 415 of this volume.Regarding his continuation of "Historical Records", Zhang Yan's note in "Han Shu Sima Qian Biography": "Between Yuan and Cheng, Mr. Chu filled in the vacancy and wrote "Wu Di Ji", "The Family of Three Kings", "Biography of Gui Ce and Japanese" "Feng Shang, courtesy name Zigao, was born in Yangling (now Gaoling, Shaanxi) in the Western Han Dynasty. Annotation by Wei Ruchun of Three Kingdoms in "Hanshu·Zhang Tang Chuanzan": "When (Shang) became emperor, he waited for the imperial edict to belong to Jinmamen, and received the edict to continue more than ten chapters of "Tai Shi Gong Shu"; Yan Shigu's note: "Liu Xin's "Qi Lue" Yun Shang... and Meng Liu are both waiting for the imperial edict , Quite a sequence of biography, before death, will die of illness." "Hanshu·Yiwenzhi" records seven chapters of "Taishigong" continued by Feng Shang.Liu Xin, see note [5] on page 11 of this volume.Regarding his completion of the "Historical Records", Liu Zhiji's "Shi Tong Ancient and Modern Official History" said: "The "Historical Records" was written in the Han and Wu Dynasties. After the beginning, it was not recorded. After that, Liu Xiang and Xiang Zixin As for the good deeds, if Feng Shang, Wei Heng, Yang Xiong, Shi Cen, Liang Shen, Si Ren, Jin Feng, Duan Su, Jin Dan, Feng Yan, Wei Rong, Xiao Fen, Liu Xun, etc. wrote and continued, As far as the mourning period, it is still called "Historical Records." 〔29〕Cui Shi (1854-1924) was born in Wuxing, Zhejiang, and was a professor at Peking University.He is the author of "Spring and Autumn Resurrection", "Historical Records Exploring the Origin" and other books. "Historical Records Exploring the Source" Volume 1 "Preface": "The case "Han Shu" also said that it came from Liu Xin. Also. It is "Ru Lin Zhuan" who is taught by the master of classics, and "Qi Lue" is related to the outside and inside; "Lv Li Zhi" talks about six calendars and five virtues, which is related to "Jiao Si Zhi" and "Zhang Cang Biography"; "Astronomical and Geographical Records" is divided into fields, which is confirmed by the Five Classics; everyone can know that it is Xin's work. The text of "Historical Records" is similar to the whole book, and those who agree with this are also continued by Yixin.If the age is separated and the chapters and sentences are split, it should be added by the delusional people of later generations and separated from Chaoxu. " 〔30〕The "Hanshu·Jia Yizhuan" contains not only the "Security Policy", but also the "Diao Quyuan Fu" and "Fu Fu". 〔31〕About Sima Qian making Fu. "Hanshu·Yiwenzhi" records eight pieces of Fu by Sima Qian. "Yiwenleiju" Volume 30 includes Sima Qian's "Fu of Sadness and Buyu". [32] For Hu Yinglin, see Note [35] on page 14 of this volume.The main works include "Shaoshi Shanfang Bi Cong", "Shisou" and so on. "Shisou · Miscellaneous · Yiyi": "Dong Zhongshu has "Shi Bu Yu Fu", which directly causes anger, which is different from Jiang Duping's Japanese. And there is no Zhongshu Fu in "Han Zhi", which is undoubtedly fake. Taishi also has this Fu , especially ridiculous." It is believed that these two Fus are "fakes" of "those who are shallow in the Six Dynasties". [33] For Liu Xiang, please refer to note [5] on page 11 of this volume. "Hanshu·Yiwenzhi" describes the sixty-seven prefaces by Liu Xiang, the original note: "New Preface, Shuo Yuan, Shi Shuo, and the Picture of Biography of Women"; and Liu Xiang Fu thirty-three, Most of them have been lost, but there are "Nine Tans" (see "Chu Ci"), "Qingyu Huashan Fu" (see "Guwenyuan") and so on. [34] Zhang Ziqiao is also known as Zhang Zixu. "Hanshu Wang Baozhuan" contains: "When Emperor Xuandi repaired the story of Emperor Wu, he talked about the six arts and group books. , Hualong, and Liu Bao are waiting for the imperial edict on the Golden Horse Gate." "Han Shu·Yiwenzhi" recorded three poems by Guanglu doctor Zhang Ziqiao, which have been lost.Hualong, see the "Hanshu Biography of Xiao Wang" for his deeds. "Hanshu·Yiwenzhi" records two poems written by Weicheng Hualong, the capital of Hanzhong, which have been lost. Liu Bao, author unknown.