Chapter 24 Chapter 22: Novels of the Jin and Tang Dynasties in the Qing Dynasty and Their Tributaries

Chapter 22: Novels of the Jin and Tang Dynasties in the Qing Dynasty and Their Tributaries A single copy of Tang Dynasty novels was scattered until the ninth day of the Ming Dynasty; Song Xiu's "Taiping Guangji" was completed, but it was not promulgated, and it was rarely circulated. Therefore, later on, I occasionally saw its copy and thought it was a novel. carry on.In the early Ming Dynasty, the wealthy Tang Quyou[1], styled Zongji and named after a poem, also wrote a novel called "Jiandeng Xinhua". Love is fond of erotic words, so it is especially popular with the current trend, and imitators have followed, and as for prohibition, its popularity has begun to decline.During the Jiajing period, the novels of the Tang dynasty reappeared, and the book reviews often borrowed the Chinese from "Taiping Guangji", mixed with other books, and carved them into clusters. The authenticity and falsehood were mixed, and they were quite popular. 〔2〕Although literati have never had anything to do with novels, they often write biographies for strangers, chivalrous men, slaves, tigers, dogs, insects and ants, and put them together.Covered with a legendary charm, it really permeated the world at the end of the Ming Dynasty, and it will not change until the Yi Dynasty.

The most famous of the albums is Pu Songling.Songling, styled Liuxian, nicknamed Liuquan, was born in Zichuan, Shandong Province. He had a gifted talent when he was young, but he was not mature when he was old. , eighty-six years (1630-1715) [3], authored four volumes of "Collected Works", six volumes and eight volumes of "Anthology of Poems" (Appendix Zhang Yuan wrote the tomb list), and " Xingshenlu, Huaixinglu, Liziwen, Daily Popular Characters, Nongsangjing, etc. (Li Huan's "Qi Xian Lei Zheng" 431).His "Zhi Yi" may be analyzed into sixteen volumes, all four hundred and thirty ones, written at the age of fifty, with its own inscription, saying, "Talent is not a treasure, Ya loves to search for gods, and loves Huangzhou [4] 〕, I like people to talk about ghosts, but when I am free, I will write a pen, because it is compiled. After a long time, colleagues from all over the world send each other in the mailbox, so things are easy to gather, and the accumulation is beneficial."It's been a long time since their savings have been collected.However, there are quite a few deeds in the book that were transformed from legends of the Tang Dynasty (such as "Fengyang Scholars", "Continuation of Huangliang", etc.), this is not confessional, it is almost a reference to the ancients and it is taboo.To say that the author collects anecdotes, he sets up smoke and tea in front of the door, invites field husbands and wild elders, and talks about it as fanfare, [5] but it is just a casual talk.

Although it is like the same kind of books at that time, it does not record the stories of gods, foxes and ghosts, but the description is twisted and twisted, the narrative is orderly, and the legend is used, and the ghosts are changed, as in the present; or the tune is changed, Don't describe abnormal people and strange ways, come out of the fantasy realm, and suddenly enter the world; occasionally, the trivial stories are also very concise, so readers' eyes and ears are new.It is also said that Yuyangshan people (Wang Shizhen) rewarded his books so much that they couldn't get them if they wanted to sell them. [6] Therefore, his reputation has grown and he has passed on the money.However, the author's life was not engraved, and it was first published in Yanzhou at the end of Qianlong [7]; later, Dan Minglun and Lu Zhanen [8] all annotated.

The books on Zhiguai in the late Ming Dynasty are generally brief, absurd and grotesque, grotesque and unfeeling. Apart from being detailed, they appear ordinary, making flowers, demons and foxes charming, more humane, amiable, and forgetting to be different. Occasionally see a falcon suddenly, knowing that it is not human.For example, "Fox Xie" said that Boxing Wanfu married a fox girl in Jinan, and the girl was elegant and good at talking, sat down for a while, and then left suddenly, just like ordinary people; It is the essence of chrysanthemum, which accumulates and gathers surplus, no different from others, but when his younger brother fell drunk and suddenly turned into chrysanthemums, he became strange and appeared suddenly.

... One day, there was a high-level wine meeting, Wanju was the host, Sun and two guests were divided into left and right seats, and there was a couch under Quhu.Huci is not good at wine, so please sit down and talk, Xu Zhi.There are a few lines of wine, and everyone throws dice to order the melons and vines; the guests are worth the color of melons, and they will drink it. They play with a toast and move to the seat and say, "Mrs. Fox is sober, let me borrow a glass for a while." , May Chen Yidian serve you as a drinker."... The guests all said, "Whoever scolds others shall be punished." The fox laughed and said, "How about I scold the fox?" The crowd said, "Yes." So they listened together.The fox said, "In the past, when a great minister went to the red-haired country, he saw the king wearing a fox armpit crown. The king looked at it differently and asked, 'What kind of fur, gentle and generous?' The minister replied with 'fox'. Got to hear it. How about the calligraphy and painting of the fox?' The envoy said with an empty book, 'There is a big melon on the right, and a small dog on the left.'" The host and guest roared again. ... lived for several months, and returned with Wan. ... Over the years, everything has been done in the economy, and the fox has been with him.Suddenly a few people came, and the fox came to greet him with great greetings; Naiyu Wan said, "I am originally from Shaanxi, and I have a long-standing relationship with you, so from Erxu, now my brother is here, and I will return from here, so I can't go around. matter." Leave it, no, go. (Volume Five)

... Tao Yin Suhao, never see him intoxicated.A friend once gave birth, and the amount was not right. He passed the horse, and the horse made him drink with Tao. Sleeping, go out and practice the chrysanthemum bed, Yushan topples over, puts the clothes on the side, and the ground turns into a chrysanthemum: as tall as a person, and more than ten flowers are bigger than a fist.The horse was horrified and told Huang Ying; Ying hurried to pull it up and put it on the ground, saying, "So drunk?" He put on his clothes again and asked the horses to go, so don't look at them.As soon as it is clear, Tao is lying on the edge of the border, and Ma Naiwu's sister and younger brother, Chrysanthemum Essence, are also loved and respected.And Tao Zilu showed his traces, drinking and drinking,... During the flower dynasty, he once came to visit, soaked a jar of white wine with two servants, and made an appointment with each other. ... Once drunk and exhausted, all the servants left.The pottery lying on the ground turned into a chrysanthemum again; the horse was not surprised when it saw it, and pulled it out like the law, and stood by to watch its changes.Yingwen, horrified, said, "Kill my brother!" Ben looked at it, and the roots and plants were withered; the pain was excruciating, so he pinched its stem and buried it in a pot, brought it into the boudoir, and irrigated it every day.The horse is extremely remorseful and hates Zeng very much.After a few days, I heard that Zeng was drunk to death, and the flowers in the pots gradually sprouted. In September, they bloomed, short and dry powder flowers, smelling like wine, called "drunk intoxication", and pouring wine will bloom. ...Huang Ying is no different when she is old. (Volume 4)

Moreover, its narration of human affairs is still only a description, which leads to abnormalities. For example, in "Ma Jiefu", it is said that there was a shrew in the Yang family who abused her husband and slowed down the guests. ... About half a year later, Ma suddenly took the boy servant to Yang, and Zhiyang Weng exposed the lice outside the door. He was suspected to be a servant, and he told his master by his surname; Yes." Ma Fang was surprised, Brother Yang came out to greet him, and he went up to the hall and bowed to his father.Wan Shi repeatedly said that there was food, but he never came. The brothers came in and out one after another, and then a thin slave came with a pot of wine.The Russian skinny slaves come out with food, and the millet becomes red after removing it, which is very unpleasant.After eating, Wan Shi went hastily; Wan Zhongxue was brought to sleep with the guests. ... (Volume Ten)

As for the end of each volume, there are often small essays, because the events are extremely brief, which is not suitable for the legendary pen, so the number of lines will be exhausted, which is close to the annals and monsters of the Six Dynasties.There are also twenty-seven chapters in a volume of "Strange Stories from Liaozhai" [9], which were picked up by later generations; but there is no good composition in it, and it is suspected that the author of this book deleted it himself, or it was drafted by others. At the end of the Qianlong period, Qian Tang Yuan Mei[10] wrote "Xin Qi Xie" in twenty-four volumes, followed by ten volumes. But to keep it is not to feel it." His text screen is not carved and decorated, but it is close to nature, but it is too frank and dirty, and the self-titled "drama compilation" is true.If it is purely based on "Liao Zhai", there is Shen Qifeng of the Wu family who wrote "Xie Duo" [11] ten volumes (preface to the fifty-sixth year of Qianlong), and the meaning is too haiku, and the writing is also narrow; Manchuria and Banger [12] Twelve volumes of "Night Tan Suilu" (also the preface of the fifty-sixth year), borrowing materials from other books (such as "Tong Zhijiao", "Ye Xingzi" and "Ulcer Medicine" are all based on "Xin Qi Xie"), not exhaustive, and the words The spirit is also lost from time to time, but it is very impressive to remember the scenery of Shuofang and the situation of the market.He is like Changbai Hao Gezi [13]'s "Flying Window and Different Grasses" in three volumes and twelve volumes (like Qianlong's work, there are four volumes and four volumes, which are forged by book estimates).Four volumes of "Shadow Talk" by Haichang Guan Shihao (14) (preface to the sixth year of Jiaqing), eight volumes of "Xi Liu Shu Tan" by Pinghu Feng Qifeng (15) (worked in the middle of Jiaqing), and as far as Jinkui Zou Tao (16 〕The eight volumes of "The Collection of Watering Sorrows" (the preface of the third year of Guangxu), all have different aspirations, and none of them break away from the pattern of "Liao Zhai".However, the descendant of Shu Yu (17) wrote the 20 volumes of "Liu He Nei Nei Suo Yan" (similar to Jiaqing's first work) and a "Miscellaneous Notes" author, pretending to be strange and provocative words, terma allegory, and its style was developed by previous writers I haven't tried it, but the meaning is superficial; according to Jin Wuxiang [18] ("Jiangyin Yiwenzhi" 2), it is also the work of Jiangyin Tushen's calligraphy.The gentleman also has a volume of "Osting Poetry Talk", the writing is relatively simple, and it does not record all the anecdotes, but the style is also similar.

It has been popular for more than a hundred years, and there are many people who imitate and praise it. Gu Ji Yun has some criticisms.Sheng Shiyan (19) (postscript of "Guwang Tingzhi") stated his words, "It was popular for a while, but the pens of talented scholars are not the pens of book writers. Many ancient books below Yuchu and above Tianbao have been lost; it can be seen that those who have finished the book, Liu Jingshu" "Yiyuan" Tao Qian "Continued Search of Gods" is also a novel, "Feiyan Biography" and "Huizhen Ji" are also biographies.

Things in "Tai Ping Guang Ji" are clustered by like, so they can be collected together; today, one book contains two things, which is still unsolved.A novel is both a narrative and a narrative. It is not as closed as a theater, and it is arbitrarily decorated;... Today's Yan Ni's words, the slender attitude, subtle twists and turns, and the imitation and painting are as life-like. It seems unreasonable to use the author's endorsement, so how to hear and see it is still unclear. "Gai Jizi has the details of the legends of the Tang Dynasty, and it is mixed with the Janes of the Six Dynasties. It is not a self-narrative, but a description. Yun, whose name is Xiaolan, is from Xianxian County, Zhili; The prefect of Yao'an. When he was young, he was Yingyi. At the age of 24, he led the Shuntian Township Examination and relieved his quota. However, at the age of 31, he became a Jinshi. He went from an editor to a bachelor's degree. Also, he was awarded editing, and was promoted to read for another three years. He was the editor of Siku Quanshu. He spent thirteen years in Wan Shuju, devoted all his life to annotating in "Siku Summaries" and "Catalogue", so he wrote very few works. Later Lei moved to the Minister of Rites and served as a lecturer for the scriptures. He was the chief constitutional chief five and the chief rites three (Li Yuandu's "Guochao Xianshilue" 20). In the 54th year of Qianlong, he went to Rehe with the arrangement of secret books. , "When the school was in charge for a long time, the special supervisor inspected the officials' inscriptions and signatures, and nothing happened in the long day." It was a record of what he had seen and heard, and wrote six volumes of barnyard talk, called "Luanyang Xiaoxialu". In the second year of Yue, he wrote "As I am "Wen", "Huaixi Magazine" in the following year, and "Guwang Tingzhi" in the following year, all four volumes; in the summer of the third year of Jiaqing, he returned to Rehe and became "Luanyang Xulu" in six volumes, which was seventy years old. 5. In the next two years, his disciple Sheng Shiyan co-published it, titled "Five Kinds of Notes of Yuewei Thatched Cottage" (this book). In the first month of the tenth year, the Department of Polyphony and Rites paid homage to the co-organizer of the university, added the crown prince Shaobao, and was in charge of the country's supervisor; He died on the 14th day of the month, at the age of eighty-two (1724-1805), posthumously named "Wenda" ("Things").

Although the book of "Talking to send the sun away" is very strict in legislation, its essentials are based on quality and dethrone China, and follow the Jin and Song Dynasties; Hongtong, Tao Yuanming, Liu Jingshu, and Liu Yiqing said a few words in a few words, which are naturally wonderful and far-reaching. Sincerely, I dare not presume to make preconceived revisions, but the general purpose is not in conformity with Fengjiao" [20], that is what it means.Its rules are like this, so it is different from the way of the legend of "Liao Zhai", but compared with the Jin and Song Dynasties, "Yuewei" is too discussion-oriented.Gai is not satisfied with being just a novel, but wants to benefit people's hearts, that is, it is naturally contrary to the spirit of Jin and Song Dynasty ghosts; But Ji Yun's long writing style is often seen with secretaries, and he has a wide-eyed mind. Therefore, anyone who detects the emotions of ghosts and gods, reveals the subtleties of the world, and entrusts fox ghosts to express his own opinions. penetrating view.The narration is graceful and elegant, and full of natural interest, so no one can take it away later, and it is not just someone who borrows the high prestige to pass it on.Here are three of the simpler ones: When Liu Yizhai Tingwei was the censor, he tried to rent a house in Xiheyan. Every night, several people beat the watchman.Therefore, Yizhai's strong point is that he wrote an article by himself, pointing out Chen Qi's crime, and sticking a big book to the wall to drive him away.Yizhai was astonished that Changli drove all crocodiles away.Yu said, "The morality of the gentleman's articles seems to have not yet defeated Changli, but his nature is strong and vigorous, and he has never done ambiguous things in his life, so he dares to brazenly fear ghosts; and he moved to this house due to financial constraints. The ghosts fight each other to death: in the king, it is "the trapped beast will fight", and in the ghost, it is "don't chase the poor". ..." Yizhai slapped Yu's back with a smile and said, "Wei Shou is so frivolous!But you know me. "("Luanyang Xiaoxialu" VI) Tian Baiyan said, "Try to support the ji with friends. His immortals claim to be true mountain people. At the end of the Song Dynasty, a gentleman was also a hermit. Therefore, the judge said, "These two monarchs, one of them is too experienced in the world, too familiar with entertainment, and there must be hundreds of flattery words when they meet each other. People who are scattered in clouds and water are clumsy in dealing with it, so it is better to avoid them; It is too close, and the etiquette is too clear. It is difficult to criticize people's words, and they are constantly scrutinized. How can the idle cloud and wild cranes bear such harsh demands, so I am afraid that they will not be quick to hear." Scholars are not great." ("Huaixi Magazine" 1) Li Yishan's poem "The Elegy Song of Midnight Ghosts in the Sky" is based on the ghost songs of the Jin Dynasty; Li Changgu's poem "Ghosts Sing Bao's Poems at the Autumn Grave" uses Bao Canjun's "Walking in Haoli" as an illusion.However, there are always things in the world.Tian Xiangqin said, "Tasting the other profession of reading, the night is quiet and the moon is bright, and those who have heard the Kunqu Opera are bright and clear, and the heart is soul-stirring. It is the "Calling Painting" that comes out. Forget why, Listen to the end. Outside the walls of the province, there are ruins and wastelands, and there are few people. Where did this song come from? Open an account to see it, but the reeds are rustling." ("Gu Wang Ting Zhi" 3) Yun is also "solitary by nature, doesn't like empty talk with his heart, and flaunts his family" (Sheng Preface), he is lenient in dealing with things, and he wants to forgive others. The one in "Summary of General Catalog of Siku" is Zheng et al.Moreover, on the theory of ruthlessness, those who are used to it in the world but do not understand it will set up doubts and expose their limitations every time. This is something that writers have never done before, and the world does not understand it. . Uncle Wu Hui said, "There is a doctor who is very sincere. One night, an old woman bought abortion medicine with a pair of gold bracelets. The doctor was horrified and refused; Go. More than half a year later, Meng Meng was detained by the Division of the Underworld, and there was a complaint about the murderer. When he arrived, a woman with a shaved hair and a red scarf on her neck was crying and begging for medicine. The doctor said, "The medicine can live People, how dare they kill for profit. You are defeated by treachery, how special is it to me! The woman said, "When I was begging for medicine, I was not pregnant. If I fell into it, I would not die: it is to break an ignorant blood clot, and the whole life is waiting to die."Since I couldn't get the medicine, I had to give birth, so that the child was strangled and suffered all kinds of pain. I also saw that I was forced and hanged: it is you who want to save one life, but instead kill two lives. If the crime does not belong to you, who does it belong to? The official of the underworld sighed and said, "What you say depends on the situation; what you stick to is based on reason."Since the Song Dynasty, who has been obsessed with reason and ignored the interests of the situation, is this the only one?You will rest! There was a few sounds, and the doctor was terrified. ("Thus I Hear" III) There is Wangmang River in Dongguang, that is, Husu River. When it is dry, it will dry up, and the water will rise, and every disease will cause it.Uncle Ma Gong Zhou Lu said, "At the end of Yongzheng, there was a beggar woman who held her child in one hand and helped the sick girl with the other. She waded through this water. When she reached the middle stream, she fell to her knees and fell. What's the harm in death? Zhang's family has been here for several generations to prolong the incense, Erhu's abandoned son to save me? The one who killed the ancestors, you too!' The woman did not dare to speak, but knelt for a long time. After two days, the aunt actually cried for her grandson The woman does not eat to death; the woman whimpers silently, sits for several days, and then stands withered....There are some theorists who say that the aunt is more important than the aunt, and the ancestor is more important than the aunt and the ancestor. The woman may have a husband, or still have a husband. Brother, it is an abandoned child; since the two generations are poor, and the only orphan on the front line, then the one who is blamed by the aunt is: Although the wife dies, there are still regrets. Yao Angong said, "There is no time for lecturers to blame people. Husbands are torrents. Even if it is fleeting, how can we think about it for a long time? The situation is not perfect, the abandoned child saves the aunt, this is the righteousness of heaven and the peace of the human heart. If the aunt dies and the son lives on, don't you have the responsibility to abandon the aunt with your beloved son?Besides, the child is carried in the arms, and it is not known whether the child will be fertile. If the aunt dies and the child is barren, how can I regret it? What this woman has done has exceeded the eternal love by tens of millions. Unfortunately, her aunt died herself, and she died as a martyr for her.I still move my beak with a little bit of smear, thinking that the study of essence and righteousness is not just a white bone holding grievances, Huang Quan hates it?Sun Fu's "Chun Qiu Zun Wang Fa Wei" has been criticized but not praised within 240 years; Hu Zhitang's "Reading History Guan Jian" has no perfect people under three generations, and it is not what I want to hear. '" ("Huaixi Magazine" 2) "Luanyang Xiaoxialu" was released, and it was published as a book, and it was revolving and standing;As far as its influence is concerned, the literati's imitation, although it still has the legacy of "Liao Zhai", but the brushstrokes of imitation and painting are suddenly reduced, and it is finally similar to the books of the Song and Ming Dynasties talking about differences.For example, Linchuan Lejun [21] "Ershilu" in twelve volumes (preface to the fifty-seventh year of Qianlong) and eight volumes of "Erlu" (preface to the fifty-ninth year) published at the same time. The second volume of "Wearing and Seeing Different Words" (preface to the 26th year of Daoguang), and the eight volumes of "Yiqian Barnyard Collection" (preface to the 28th year) of Wujin Tang Yongzhong (23) are all similar.Changzhou Wang Tao's "Dunku Yaoyan" (composed in the first year of Tongzhi), "Songyin Manlu" (composed at the beginning of Guangxu) and "Songbin Suohua" (24) (preface to the 13th year of Guangxu) each had twelve volumes, Tianchang Xuan Ding [25] wrote the sixteen volumes of "Ye Yu Qiu Deng Lu" (the preface of the twenty-first year of Guangxu), and its style is purely from "Liao Zhai", which spread far and wide at one time, but the records have gradually become rare. , and the fireworks are flourishing. Those whose style is closer to Ji’s Five Books include Yunjian Xu Yuanzhong’s [26] "Three Different Bi Tan" four volumes (the preface to the seventh year of Daoguang), Deqing Yu Hongjian's [27] "Yin Xuexuan Essays" four volumes (Twenty Years of Daoguang Preface to the Five Years), the latter highly recommends "Yuewei", and Yun "Wei thinks it excludes too much Confucianism in the Song Dynasty" (Volume 2), but the purpose is actually different.In Guangxu, Deqing Yu Yue [28] wrote sixteen volumes of "Youtai Xianguan Notes", which stopped describing anecdotes and did not involve cause and effect; there was also Yang Zhuweng (Yi Yuyue) who wrote four volumes of "Er Post", which he signed " "Play Compilation", the preface states that "the wording is intentional, and it seems to have the theory of retribution for good and evil, but in fact it is just talking about sending the day away, not dare to say that it is intended to persuade and punish."It seems to use "Xin Qi Xie" as the method, and the description is simple and elegant, which is similar to "Yuewei", but the content is different, and the ghosts are just a tithe.He is like the four volumes of "Ke Chuang Ou Bi" written by Jiangyin Jinpingchang (29) (preface to the first year of Jiaqing), the twenty-four volumes of "Chishang Thatched Cottage Notes" (preface to the 28th year of Daoguang) by Liang Gongchen (30) in Fuzhou, Tongcheng The ten volumes of "Li Cheng" by Xu Fengen [31] (it seems to be written by Daoguang Zhong), also records strange things, looks like a stream of strange people, and is full of misfortunes and blessings. It is dedicated to persuasion and punishment, which is no longer enough to be called a novel. ※ ※ ※ [1] Qu You (1341-1427), named Zongji, was born in Qiantang (now Hangzhou, Zhejiang) in Ming Dynasty. Assistant teacher of Zeng Guan Guozi, chief history of Zhou Wangfu.He has written "Cunzhai Posthumous Manuscripts", "Guitian Shihua" and so on.The "Jiandeng Xinhua", four volumes and 21 chapters, imitates the legendary novels of the Tang Dynasty.According to the note on the sub-novels of Huang Yuji's "Qianqingtang Bibliography" in the Qing Dynasty: "Qu You also has "Jiandeng Yuhua" (according to the "Xinhua"). In the seventh year of orthodoxy, Li Shimian, Guiyou, please prohibit destroying it. Books, so neither Li Zhen's "Yu Hua" was recorded." 〔2〕Since the Jiajing period of the Ming Dynasty, the Shuobu has been carved into clusters, including: Lu Ji and other series "Ancient and Modern Shuohai", Li Shi's series "Little History of Past Dynasties", Wu Guan's series "Ancient and Modern Yishi", Wang Wenhao's series " Tangren Shuohui" (a "Tang Dynasty Series") and so on.The authenticity and falsehood of these books were mixed, and Lu Xun criticized them in his articles such as "Discussions of People in Tang Dynasty" and "Legends of Tang and Song Dynasties". 〔3〕Regarding the date of Pu Songling's birth and death, Qing Zhangyuan's Tomb List of Mr. Liu Quanpu stated that Songling "died on the twenty-second day of the first lunar month in the fifty-fourth year of Kangxi (1715), at the age of seventy-six." Based on this, it is inferred that his birth year was the thirteenth year of Chongzhen (1640). 〔4〕Huangzhou here refers to Su Shi who lived in Huangzhou in the Northern Song Dynasty.Song Yemengde's "Summer Recorded Talk" Volume 1: "Zizhan is in Huangzhou and Lingbiao. Every day, if he doesn't invite guests to talk to each other, he will come out to visit. ... Talking about harmony and debauchery, no longer a borderline. There are If you can’t talk about it, you will force it to talk about ghosts; if you have nothing to say, you will say that you are lying. So everyone who heard it fell down, and they all left happily.” 〔5〕About Pu Songling’s collection of anecdotes, see Zou Tao’s "Three Borrowing Lu Bi Tan": "It is said that Mr. lived in the village... when writing this book, every morning, he brought a large magnetic poppy and stored bitter tea in it. Put a bag of Tamba wild rice beside the pedestrian avenue, under the Chenlu liner, sit on it, smoke and tea by the side. When you see a person who walks the road, you must insist on talking, search for strange things, follow what others know, and drink when you are thirsty Tea, or serve it with smoke, it will make you talk freely. I hear something, and I will return it to cover it up. If it is more than twenty years of cold and heat, this book will be announced." 〔6〕 Regarding Wang Shizhen's desire to market, according to Qing Lu Yitian's "Lenglu Miscellaneous Knowledge": "Pu's pine age is spread all over the country, and almost every family has his book. It is said that people in Yuyangshan love this book and want to give it five hundred gold You can't get it if you buy it." There are similar records in Ni Hong's "Tongyin Qinghua". The note in Lu Xun's "Old Novels" pointed out: "Wang Yuyang wanted to sell the manuscript and Pu Liuxian forced passers-by to tell strange stories, which are the most absurd, but the world spreads them profusely, which is different." 〔7〕The first publication in Yanzhou mentioned here refers to the Qingketing edition in the thirty-first year of Qianlong (1766), which was published by Zhao Qigao.Yanzhou, where the government is located in Jiande, Zhejiang today. 〔8〕Danming Lun was named Tianxu and Yunhu. He was born in Guangshun (now Changshun, Guizhou) in the Qing Dynasty.His commentary was published in the 22nd year of Daoguang (1842). Lu Zhanen, a native of Wendeng (now Shandong) in the Qing Dynasty, his annotations were published separately in the fifth year of Daoguang (1825), and the annotations and original texts were engraved together in the 23rd year of Daoguang (1843). [9] The twenty-seven chapters in the first volume of "Strange Strange Supplements from a Liaozhai Studio" have not been seen.In addition, in the tenth year of Daoguang (1830), one volume of "Strange Stories from Liaozhai" was obtained in the Yueyi series, and four volumes of "Supplements from Liaozhai" were published in Beijing Juzhentang in the fourth year of Guangxu (1878). 〔10〕Yuan Mei (1716-1798), courtesy name Zicai, alias Jianzhai, old man Suiyuan, was born in Qiantang (now Hangzhou, Zhejiang) in the Qing Dynasty, and served as magistrate of Jiangpu, Jiangning and other counties.He has written "Xiaocang Shanfang Ji", "Suiyuan Shihua" and so on. 〔11〕Shen Qifeng (1741—?) styled Tongwei, nicknamed Hongxin Cike, was born in Wu County (now Jiangsu) in the Qing Dynasty.Written "Xie Duo", twelve volumes. 〔12〕Hebang's name is Xianzhai, and his name is Master Jiyun. He is a Manchurian in the Qing Dynasty. 〔13〕Haogezi is Yin Qinglan, whose character is like a village. [14] Guan Shihao, styled Yuemei, was born in Haichang (now Haining, Zhejiang) in Qing Dynasty. [15] Feng Qifeng, styled Zihua, was born in Qingpinghu (now Zhejiang). 〔16〕Zou Tao, courtesy name Hanfei, nicknamed Xiaoxiangguan waiter, was born in the Golden Chamber (now Wuxi, Jiangsu Province) in the Qing Dynasty. He has written "Three Borrowing Lu Bi Tan" and so on. 〔17〕The descendant of the remaining millet is Tu Shen, see the twenty-fifth chapter of this book. [18] Jin Wuxiang (1841-1924) was born in Jiangyin (now Jiangsu) in the late Qing Dynasty.He has written "Suxiang Essay", "Jiangyin Art and Literature History" and so on. [19] Sheng Shiyan, courtesy name Songyun, was born in Beiping (now Beijing) in the Qing Dynasty.A member of Ji Yun's family.For the following quotations, see the preface of "Yuewei Thatched Cottage Notes Luanyang Xiaoxialu". 〔20〕The quotation of this paragraph can be found in the preface of "Yuewei Thatched Cottage Notes Guwang Tingzhi". 〔21〕Le Jun, courtesy name Yuan Shu, nicknamed Lian Shang, was born in Linchuan (now Jiangxi) in the Qing Dynasty.Author of "Qingzhishan Pavilion Poetry Collection". 〔22〕Xu Qiulong was born in Qinghaichang (now Haining, Zhejiang).Author of "Pipa Romance" and so on. 〔23〕Tang used the Chinese character Zhiqing, and was born in Changzhou (now Jiangsu) in the Qing Dynasty. 〔24〕Wang Tao (1828-1897) was born in Changzhou (now Wu County, Jiangsu Province) in the Qing Dynasty.There are many translations.The "Songyin Manlu" written by him is also known as "Hou Liaozhai Tales"; "Songbin Suohua", also known as "Songyin Xulu". 〔25〕Xuanding (1834-1879) with the style name Shoumei, was born in Tianchang (now Anhui) in the Qing Dynasty.Author of "Legend of Returning Soul Fragrance" and so on. 〔26〕Xu Yuanzhong, styled Xiaoou, was born in Songjiang (now Shanghai) in the Qing Dynasty. 〔27〕Yu Hongjian (1781-1846), styled Yibo, was born in Qing Deqing (now Zhejiang). He has written "Yin Xuexuan Wenchao", "Yin Xuexuan Poetry Copy" and so on. 〔28〕Yu Yue (1821-1907) styled Yinfu, nicknamed Quyuan, was born in Qingdeqing.There are many works, collectively known as "Chunzaitang Quanshu". 〔29〕Jin Pingchang (1760-1810), whose style name is Xutang, was born in Jiangyin (now Jiangsu) in the Qing Dynasty. The original eight volumes of "Ke Chuang Ou Bi" were lost, and his grandson compiled four volumes, which were engraved together with the one volume of "Ke Chuang Er Bi". [30] Liang Gongchen, courtesy name Jingshu, was born in Fuzhou (now part of Fujian) in the Qing Dynasty. [31] Xu Fengen, courtesy name Shuping, was born in Tongcheng (now Anhui) in the Qing Dynasty.