Chapter 31 29. Diligence and caution

As far as I can think of about reading and writing poetry, I have said everything up to the last article.It's time for the end; I still want to say a few general words. It is based on the Yuan and Ming operas.The last poem here has the meaning of admonishment. If you want to do it (I dare not say it is good), you must be "diligent" and "cautious".Before I start talking, I have to say something close to justification.When talking about reading and writing in this book, we follow the old way, and it seems to express, explicitly or implicitly, that we should also follow the old way.It is assumed that this so-called should, some people will disagree.Disagreeing can be moderate or radical.Gentleness means that there is no harm in making accommodations, such as writing modern style poems, using Dongdong and Jiangyang together, using two Pingjie or Pingjie together, the second couplet and the first couplet are not sticky, fill in lyrics, transfer and send "Recalling Qin'e" or "Congratulations to the Bridegroom" " instead of rhyme, etc., why not?As for why this is not the case, it has been clearly stated before that it is very difficult, because once the door that breaks the law is opened, not only Dongdong Tongyong, Jiangyang Tongyong, etc. will squeeze in.When what you don't want to accommodate comes in, you will always be stunned or even surprised, right?So here again, the road of accommodation is not easy, but difficult.There is also a radical way, which is to think that the god of old poetry can be taken, or the shape, as for the meter, it may as well start from scratch.Innovation is inappropriately opposed to the trend of the times.The question is how new.This question is not simple, and the big things are turned into small things. I just want to point out one point, or take it as an example. If the rhyme is flat and flat, the title is still "Seven Rhythms and One Poem", and the sentence starts with five or seven, and the title is still "Linjiang Immortals" ", then I would like to advise that such a title should not be used, which means that it is a new stove that has nothing to do with the old poems, so that the name and the truth are better.I respect the name and the truth, so I have talked so much before, but the general spirit is "still consistent".Fortunately, in this regard, there seems to be no right or wrong between the old and the new, because everyone has a little freedom to choose the form of expression to express their feelings. If you use your freedom to choose innovation, then it is best not to write old poems, and you don’t have to. read this book.

The prerequisites are still consistent, and then we can talk about diligence and caution.Let me talk about diligence first.Qin You tends to be general, and I have talked a lot about it before, so I will mention it again here.First of all, you must read diligently, because the ability to express is learned by reading.Reading also requires a wide range of aspects, not only reading poetry, but also classical Chinese classics other than poetry.The principle is that the more the better, the more cooked the better.If you have many, you can choose the suitable one from the pile when you use it; if you are familiar with it, the suitable one will pop out by itself.More, more familiarity, no rush, the key is to be uninterrupted, and use habits to cultivate interest.With interest, troubles become pleasures.The same is true for writing, you must be diligent and often take a pen.As the saying goes, practice makes perfect, there will always be an idea in the process of smearing, and if one move accumulates into hyperactivity, it will be like Li Bai's dream pen, and it will not be difficult to piece together ordinary difficulties.In the early stage, you can not ask for good, clumsy, vulgar, and tolerate it; if you don't seek perfection, you can only have a couplet, a sentence, or even a half sentence, and it doesn't matter to put it in the bag.It might as well write a hasty article first, and then slowly scrutinize it.In short, it is also seeking more and familiarity, in the hope that after all, difficulties can be turned into ease, and delay into speed.

There are also two kinds of diligence, which are more personal. One is to be diligent in memorizing rhythm, and the other is to be diligent in correcting.Metrics are not difficult, because it is not that the theory is profound and difficult to understand, but that there are many aspects and trivialities, and you will feel headache if you are afraid of trouble.The way to turn difficult into easy is to be diligent.Repeat more, memorize; memorize slowly and become familiar, and trivialities and troubles can be swept away.Composing poems and lyrics is often not in front of the desk. "Poetry Rhyme" and "Poetry Metrics" cannot always be by your side, so remember.The next level of memory is familiarity, and you can know whether it is right or not by feeling.This ability cannot be developed without diligence.The other is to change diligently.Any style of writing must be changed after the article is completed.But poetry is different, because the text is simple and meaningless, and the words used, even if one seems insignificant, must be appropriate and powerful.This requires a lot of scrutiny, choosing from the many available words.There may be some that are properly selected at one time, but not necessarily many, so we have to change it and try another way of saying it, even like the word "green" in Wang Jinggong's "spring breeze and green south bank of the river", try different ways of saying it.Sometimes, I think it is appropriate to change it for a while, but after looking at it after a while, I will find that it is not right, so I have to change it.Changing and changing, it seems endless, where does this endurance come from?It can only come from Qin.

Besides, be careful.From a broad perspective, Shen includes two aspects: the aspect of affection and the aspect of expression.As I have said before, affection suddenly changes and is very complicated.Follow your heart's desire without transgressing the rules, and cultivate yourself as high as Confucius, and you will not reach this state until you are seventy years old.As for ordinary people, especially those who are young and full of blood, they have a sudden and strong affection, and they are just suitable for writing poems. Maybe there are not many such opportunities?Therefore, we must discriminate, and we must not show emotions when we are happy or angry.It can also be lowered to a lower level. Some people are enthusiastic about current affairs, so today, when a certain person is promoted, they will sing a song to sing about it; .In this way, as time goes on, black and white, in a small way, it is difficult to see it by yourself; in a big way, after the coffin is closed, those who have good things to compile the complete works will also see it, which is even more difficult.So be careful.If you have affection, you should first use your nose to distinguish it. If it is fragrant, you can write poetry; if it is smelly, you’d better open the window and drive it out.

Let's talk about expression.There is affection, and it is expressed in the form of poetry. Before writing, when writing, what should be paid attention to. I have talked a lot before, so I won’t repeat it.Here I want to focus on two situations that should be cautious and not careful. One is what I infer, and I am lucky.Presumably, there must be a basis, which can be seen almost everywhere in the press.It is not appropriate to cite examples by name, but to speak in general terms.If I saw it once, the form is seven words and eight sentences, and the rhyme is not only the rhyme of Shizhen and Ba Geng, but also has a humming sound. Looking at the title, it is named after the genre, which is "Seven Rhythms and One Poem".I saw again that the form is long and short sentences lined up, and I read it, but I can't figure out what genre it is. Fortunately, there is a title at the end of the article, which is "Tiao Ji Lin Jiang Xian", which can be measured by meter. The result is that the rhyme uses many parts, and the sentence The lengths are not the same.Why is it so bold to label it as Law instead of law, and label it as Linjiang Immortal instead of Linjiang Immortal?I think it’s just a fluke, thinking that poetry is nothing more than that, and it can also become a collaboration with a stroke of a pen, so I wrote it and took it out.A gentleman loves others with virtue, so I would like to remind you that although the rhythm of poetry is nothing special, if you don’t learn it and try it, you may not be right.So if you don't follow the rules, you must follow the rules.And whether you are familiar with the rules or not, you must be cautious, because everyone in the Tang and Song Dynasties made mistakes occasionally (of course not many), and that was the result of carelessness.

The other is to use the old name and take a new path, just like keeping the five precepts and eating dog meat, drinking prajna soup, and doing things in one's own way.This may be a product of the spirit of getting rid of the "four olds".In order to express different customs, it must be broken.I am not opposed to breaking, or there are trade-offs among various forms of expression.But if you want to give up everything, it's not appropriate to break the ties.As far as poetry is concerned, there is no need for rhymes, tones, spectrum tunes, etc., but it is still called Jue, Rhythm, or "Sheng Cha Zi", which should not always be.Surely you can't do your own way?It depends on what element and how to do it.My idea, such as using bottles for drinks, if you get tired of the traditional sour plum soup, you can modify Coca-Cola, as for breaking the bottle, you don't have to.Some modern people deal with it in this way, as evidenced by one poem each:

I was not romantic when I was young, but now I am a bad old man.Learn to be half a bottle of intoxication (using flat and flat), and poetry is a tank of oil.If you want to speak freely, who is greedy for drinking?Study time gradually white (read bo) hair, hard work as a scalper. (Yang Xianyi's "Self Title") Check your life, the past is completely different, and everything is boring.Ji was lonely when he was young, Years have been rough, but now I am getting old, and all fantasies are thrown away.For half a lifetime, teaching and selling paintings, but playing the flute for food.Who looks like me, really in name only (pronounced in flat tone), idiot pussy.Occasionally do something strange, like being erudite (reading in tone) with a lot of knowledge and insights.Laughing, looking left and right, patching things together, tedious and tedious, babbling.Everyone can write such an article, and I am ashamed that the manuscript fee is high.From then on, the fixed-receipt stalls will be closed, and they will no longer copy nonsense. (Qi Gong's "Qin Yuan Chun" self-narrative)

The artistic conception and language of the two poems are very different from those of the past. This is sour plum soup replaced by Coca-Cola;In fact, this reasoning is very simple, and there is no need to spend too much time defending it.Poems are called Juedu, and Ci, marked with a certain tune, are of course all old.The old has the old shape and quality, such as Mencius's hair and crown, and his insatiable benevolence and righteousness. If he is replaced by a suit and leather shoes, and he talks karaoke, is it still Mencius?So once again, when writing old poems and writing lyrics, you should ask discerning readers to see and think that they are indeed old poems, even though they are still far behind the ancients.It is a pity that some works that have been turned into printed characters cannot even do this.If you can't do it, you may get a sneer or a frown in exchange.So, according to this question, I think, modern people, if they eat mutton skewers, drink Guozhen, and watch TV, if they are still interested in playing with old poems, and not only read, but also want to write and publish, they must bear in mind that diligence is important , there is another equally important thing is Shen.Taking an opera actor as an example, there is nothing wrong with being in the background, and if you come out with a curtain, you must make the audience feel that you are not fooling around.