Chapter 9 translation four

Enlightenment: "Reading history makes people wise".If we regard the history of our Chinese nation as the genealogy of a big family, then when we review the experience of our predecessors, we can learn many useful things from it. 【Translation】What is described above is the ancient and modern history from the Three Emperors and Five Emperors to the establishment of the Republic of China. Through the study of history, we can understand the rise and fall of the chaos of each dynasty and realize many useful things. Enlightenment: "Historical Records" was written by Si Qian, a great thinker in the Han Dynasty in my country. It has a history of thousands of years from the legendary Yellow Emperor to the era of Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty. "Hanshu" was written by Ban Gu, a thinker in the Eastern Han Dynasty. It only records the history of the Western Han Dynasty, and it is the first "dated history" in the history of our country.

【Translation】Although Chinese and historical books are numerous and complicated, they should be read in order: first read "Historical Records", and then read "Han Shu". Enlightenment: "Book of the Later Han Dynasty" tells the history of the Eastern Han Dynasty; "Three Kingdoms" writes that after the fall of the Eastern Han Dynasty, the three kingdoms of Wei, Shu, and Wu formed a tripartite situation until they were unified by the Jin Dynasty; There is the idea of ​​using history as a warning, so it is called. 【Translation】The third reading is "Book of the Later Han Dynasty", and the fourth reading is "Three Kingdoms". At the same time, we should refer to the classics and refer to them, so that we can better understand the rise and fall of history.

Enlightenment: China has a very long history, and what I mentioned above is just a simple outline. To really grasp it, you must read the historical materials of various dynasties and generations, and conduct in-depth understanding and research.History is a mirror from which we can draw many valuable historical lessons. 【Translation】Those who read history should go further and read historical materials to understand the cause and effect of events throughout the ages, as if they were witnessing it with their own eyes. Enlightenment: We should aspire to study hard, the field of knowledge is endless, knowledge is wealth, power and wisdom.Knowledge is a sweet fruit that grows from a bitter root.Only by studying hard and uninterruptedly can you master and use it.

【Translation】When we read and study, we must be persistent, and we must think carefully while reading.Only by putting your mind to study sooner or later can you really learn well. Enlightenment: Confucius once learned etiquette from Tanzi; learned music from Changhong and his teacher; learned philosophy from Laozi.Confucius once said: "Three people walk together, and there must be one person who is worthy of my study and emulation." [Translation] In the past, Confucius was a very studious person. At that time, there was a child prodigy named Xiang Lu in the state of Lu, and Confucius learned from him.A great sage like Confucius has not forgotten to study hard, let alone us ordinary people?

Enlightenment: Human knowledge is endless, and one's efforts and struggles cannot be stopped halfway.To live and to learn, a person should be eager to learn until he dies. [Translation] Zhao Zhongling in the Song Dynasty——Zhao Pu, his official had already achieved the Zhongshu Ling, and he read the Analects of Confucius every day without putting it down. He didn't forget to study hard just because he had become a high-ranking official. Enlightenment: Lu Wenshu and Gong Sunhong, two ancient people, tried to copy books on cattail grass or carved them on bamboo to study without books. We can have beautifully printed books today, and the learning conditions and environment are so superior , should study hard.

【Translation】In the Western Han Dynasty, Lu Wenshu copied the text on cattail grass and read it.Gongsun Hong engraved the Spring and Autumn Period on bamboo slices cut from bamboo.Both of them are poor and can't afford books, but they don't forget to study hard. Enlightenment: If you want to become a learned person, you must consciously study hard.Because no one can replace the matter of seeking knowledge, only through your own efforts can you learn it.Now that we have the care and guidance of our parents and teachers, we should study hard. [Translation] Sun Jing of the Jin Dynasty tied his hair to the beams of the roof when he was studying, so as not to fall asleep.During the Warring States period, Su Qin used an awl to stab his thigh every time he was tired of reading. They didn't need others to urge them to study hard.

Enlightenment: How admirable is the spirit of the ancients to study!In such a harsh and impoverished environment, I was able to overcome difficulties, not be affected by the external environment, and study hard.Today we have a convenient and comfortable environment, if we don't know how to cherish it, we are really ashamed! [Translation] Che Yin, a man of the Jin Dynasty, put fireflies in gauze bags as lighting for reading.Sun Kang used the reflection of snow to read books.Both of them were poor, but they were able to continue their studies under difficult conditions. Enlightenment: Zhu Maichen and Li Mi, one collecting firewood and the other herding cattle, lived very poorly, but they could study hard by themselves.Later they became great people.We have such a good learning environment, how can we not study hard?

[Translation] Zhu Maichen of the Han Dynasty lived by chopping firewood, reading while carrying firewood every day.In the Sui Dynasty, Li Mi hung his books on the horns of the cows and read them when he had time.They still insist on studying in a difficult environment. Enlightenment: Su Xun, a famous writer in the Song Dynasty, and his two sons, Su Shi and Su Zhe, are very famous figures in the history of Chinese literature. They are very knowledgeable and well-written articles.They are collectively called "Three Sus" by later generations, and they are also three figures in the Eight Great Masters of Tang and Song Dynasties.

[Translation] Su Xun, one of the Eight Great Masters of the Tang and Song Dynasties, named Daquan, did not want to study when he was a child, but when he was 27 years old, he began to make up his mind to study hard, and later became a learned scholar. Enlightenment: Su Xun did not realize the importance of reading until he was 27 years old.We are young, and it is absolutely too late to start studying now.We must realize the importance of reading and learning to our lives, and we must lay a solid foundation of knowledge so that we can make due contributions to society when we grow up. [Translation] Like Su Laoquan, when he is getting old, he regrets not studying hard at the beginning, but when we are young, we should seize the good time and study hard so that we will not regret it in the future.

Enlightenment: Where there is a will, there is a way. As long as you persevere and work hard, you will surely succeed.Young people should first make up their minds and don't be discouraged if they fail. If they persist in their efforts and persevere, they will surely succeed. [Translation] There was a Liang Hao in the Song Dynasty who won the first prize at the age of eighty-two. He answered the emperor's questions fluently in the Golden Palace, and all the people who took the exam were inferior to him. Inspiration: There is no power stronger than knowledge.Do you want to make yourself a strong man?Then you have to make up your mind to study hard. People armed with knowledge are invincible.Success will definitely belong to you.A bright future will also belong to you.

【Translation】Liang Hao is still able to achieve success at such an old age. Everyone is surprised and admires his studiousness and tirelessness.And we should take advantage of our youth to set our ambitions and study hard, and we will have a bright future. Inspiration: Both Zu Ying and Li Bi showed amazing talent at a very young age.This is inseparable from their wisdom.But just being smart without studying can't be a talent after all.Zu Ying and Li Mi study very hard, and they hardly put down the books every day.I have regarded reading as the greatest pleasure in life. [Translation] There was a person named Zu Ying in the Northern Qi Dynasty who could compose poems at the age of eight, and later became a secretary and supervisor.In addition, there was a man named Li Mi in the Tang Dynasty who was able to write poems about playing chess when he was seven years old. Enlightenment: Although Zu Ying and Li Mi have been very smart since they were young, if they don't work hard, their smartness will be mistaken for their cleverness.Therefore, when we study now, we should imitate them. In addition to using our intelligence and wisdom, we must study hard and strive for progress in order to make a difference. 【Translation】The cleverness and intelligence of the two of them were highly appreciated and praised by people at that time. Now we are just beginning to study, so we should imitate them and study hard. Enlightenment: In feudal society, women had no status. People believed that "a woman without talent is a virtue". It was very difficult for a girl to study and learn art. Both Cai Wenji and Xie Daoyun were women. It is conceivable how much they studied at that time. not easy. 【例句】There were many outstanding women in ancient times.For example, Cai Wenji in the late Eastern Han Dynasty could distinguish good and bad piano sounds, and Xie Daoyun, a talented woman in the Jin Dynasty, could export poems. Enlightenment: Of course, now that men and women are equal, girls can also go to school, which is social progress.And we should cherish the good learning environment that the society has created for us. Both boys and girls should work hard, learn more knowledge, and become useful to the country in the future. 【Translation】Two girls like this, one knows music, the other can compose poetry, so talented Smart; as a man, you must always be vigilant and enrich yourself. Enlightenment: When Liu Yan answered a question raised by Emperor Xuanzong of the Tang Dynasty, he once said that Chen Fan's "Four Books" and "Five Classics" could be corrected, but only one character "Peng" could not be corrected.Later Xuanzong checked and found out that many people in Chaoyanli were friends and treacherous at that time, so Liu Yan said that the word "friend" could not be corrected for this reason. 【Translation】During the reign of Emperor Xuanzong of the Tang Dynasty, there was a child named Liu Yan who was pushed away at the age of seven. He was regarded as a child prodigy, and became an official in charge of publishing and correcting the text. Enlightenment: When Liu Yan grew up, he became the prime minister of Tang Dynasty.During his tenure, he loved the people very much and did a lot of good things for the people.This is consistent with the ambition he set up since childhood.Like him, we should set our ambitions from an early age and make due contributions to society when we grow up. 【Translation】Although Liu Yan is so young, he has already become an official and shouldered the heavy responsibility given to him by the country. If he wants to become a useful person, as long as he is diligent and studious, he can be as famous as Liu Yan.