Chapter 12 The Eleventh Kings of Teaching Precepts to Princes
In the seventh year of Zhenguan, Emperor Taizong called Yu Zhining and Du Zhenglun, the prince's concubine, and said: "Qing and others counsel the prince, and they often have to talk about the interests and interests of the people. I am eighteen years old, and I am still among the people. The people are difficult, and they are all proficient. He is the emperor. , Every time we discuss and dispose of things, or sometimes there are misbehaviors, it is only when we get admonishment from others that we can realize it. If there are no loyal admonitors to speak, how can we do good things? Besides, the prince grew up in a deep palace, and the people were hard, so they didn’t even hear about it! Safety is a matter of concern, and we should not be arrogance. But when the imperial edict comes out, anyone who advises will be executed. We must know that no one in the world dares to speak out.
Therefore, self-restraint and encouragement, tolerance of remonstrance, Qing and others often have to share their opinions with this intention.Every time there is something wrong, it is advisable to speak out and remonstrate, so that it will be beneficial. "
In the eighteenth year of Zhenguan, Emperor Taizong said to his courtiers: "In ancient times, there was a prenatal education for the son, but I have no time. But since the establishment of the prince, there must be instructions for everything. Seeing that he is about to eat, he said:
'You know what food is? ” Conversation: “I don’t know. ’ Said: ‘When farming is difficult, manpower is used. If you don’t seize the time, you will always have this meal. ’ Seeing him riding a horse, he said, ‘Do you know horses? ” Conversation: “I don’t know. ’ Said: ‘Those who can work hard on behalf of others can always have horses if they don’t try their best with the news of the time. ’ Seeing him riding a boat, he said: ‘Do you know about boats? 'Confrontation:
'I don't know. ’ Said: ‘That’s why a boat is better than a king, and that’s why water is better than a commoner. Water can carry a boat, and it can also overturn it.Erfang is the master of others, so don't be afraid! ’ Seeing it resting under a bent tree, he said, ‘Do you know this tree? ” Conversation: “I don’t know. ’ Said: ‘Although this tree is crooked, if you get the rope it will be straight.What this Fu said can be learned by oneself. '"
In the seventh year of Zhenguan, Emperor Taizong called Wei Zheng, a servant, and said: "Since ancient times, there have been very few lords and kings who have been able to protect themselves. They all grew up to be rich and honored, and they love arrogance. Most of them don't understand why a gentleman is far away from a villain. All my children want to see the foreword. Let’s go, and I hope it will be regarded as a standard.” Because of the order to record the successes and failures of the emperors and princes in ancient times, it is called "The Good and Evil Records of Princes and Kings Since Ancient Times" and bestow it on the kings.The preface says:
Guanfu was ordered to hold the map of Yuyu, Xianjian Yiqin, fanscreen royal family, and the deployment of Fangce, it can be said.Zixuan was divided into twenty-five sons, and Shun cited sixteen clans. He lived through Zhou and Han to capture Chen and Sui, split mountains and rivers, and raised rocks.Or protect the king's family, rise and fall with the time; or lose its land and space, and not sacrifice to the sudden.However, to test his succession, to observe his rise and fall, to be successful and famous, to be a king with salty capital, and to die in national mourning, mostly because of his successor.Why?
The first emperor, when the grass is ignorant, sees the difficulties and obstacles of the king's career, and knows the worries and diligence of his father and brother, so he is not arrogant in his superiors, and he is slack in the night, and he may offer wine to seek talents, or spit wine to receive scholars.Therefore, Gan Zhong's harsh words won the hearts of the people, cultivated virtue in life, and shed love behind him.Most of the descendants of the husband and grandson belong to Longping, born in the deep palace, and lived in the hands of women for a long time. They don't worry about high danger, so they don't know the difficulty of farming?Be close to the villain, alienate the gentleman, take care of the wise woman, be arrogant and ruthless, violate the righteousness and disobey the propriety, commit adultery, disobey the constitution, overstep the boundaries, etc.Relying on the power and favor of a care, you will have a heart of love; if you are humble about a little work, you will have an insatiable hope.Abandon the righteous path of loyalty and go astray in the path of treachery.Remonstrance goes against divination, and never returns.Although Liang Xiao and Qi Jiong's meritorious talents, Huainan and Dong'e's talents, Yihe who destroyed Moxiao became a dry scale of poverty, and the great achievements of Abandoning Huan and Wen were slaughtered by Liang and Dong.I don't hesitate to hang on to the Jiong ring!With the capital of a sage, the emperor saves the fate of danger, glorifies the seven virtues and clears the Liuhe, conquers all nations and faces all spirits.The heart is in love, and I don't think about it all day long, so I order my ministers, examine and read the books, seek mirrors, and benefit Sun Mou.The ministers are all foolish and sincere, and learn from the previous precepts.Anyone who is a vassal or a Han, has a country and a family, his prosperity must be due to the accumulation of goodness, and his death must also be due to the accumulation of evil.Therefore, knowing that goodness is not accumulated is not enough to become famous, and evil is not accumulated is not enough to destroy the body.However, there is no way to misfortune and good fortune, good or bad is up to oneself, but people call, how can it be in vain!This record has been recorded since ancient times, the gains and losses of the actions of the kings, divided into good and evil, and each is an article, called "The Record of the Good and Evil of the Kings". .If you do good, you will have a reputation, but if you correct your mistakes, you will not be blamed.Rise and fall are related, but don't force yourself!
Taizong looked at it and called it good, saying that the kings said: "This should be placed on the right side of the seat, and used as the foundation of one's body."
In the tenth year of Zhenguan, Emperor Taizong called Jing Wang Yuanjing, Han Wang Yuanchang, Wu Wangke, Wei Wangtai, etc. and said: "Since the Han Dynasty, there are many emperors and emperors who have received the grass and lived in honor, but Dongping and Hejian kings are the most orderly. Fame, to keep one's salary and position, like the disciples of Chu Wangwei, the fall is not one, and it is caused by growth and wealth, and self-arrogance. You should learn from others and think about it carefully. When you choose talents, you must be your mentors and friends. Admonishment, don’t be self-absorbed. I have heard that virtue serves things, and I believe in the truth. Compared with seeing a man Yun Yushun in a dream, I don’t realize that I respect him, so I admire his virtue! Xiangruo dreamed of Jie , Zhou, must be killed. Although Jie and Zhou are the sons of heaven, if they call each other Jie and Zhou today, people will be furious. Yan Hui, Min Ziqian, Guo Linzong, and Huang Shudu, although they are commoners, if they praise each other today, such four A virtuous person must be overjoyed. Therefore, we know that the only thing that is valuable in a person's life is virtue. Why should we talk about honor and honor. You are among the vassal kings, and your family food is solid, and you can restrain your virtues. Isn't it beautiful? And a gentleman is a villain This is impermanent, if you do good deeds, you are a gentleman, and if you do evil deeds, you are a villain, you must restrain yourself, make good deeds heard more and more, and don’t indulge your desires and passions, and you will be punished and killed.”
In the tenth year of Zhenguan, Emperor Taizong called Fang Xuanling and said: "I have seen the masters of the previous generation who set up chaos and started businesses, and grew up among the people. They all knew the truth and hypocrisy, and they were rarely defeated. The king who kept the text was born rich and honored, and he did not know suffering. Since I was young, it has been very difficult to run a business, and I have been prepared to know the affairs of the world, and I am afraid that I will fail to catch them. As for the brothers of King Jing, they were born in the deep palace, and their knowledge is not far away. How can I read this? Every time I eat, I think about the hardships of farming; every time I wear clothes, I think about the hard work of spinning. How can you learn from me? Choose a good assistant to be the governor, and let him be close to a good person, so that he will be free from mistakes."
In the eleventh year of Zhenguan, Emperor Taizong called Wu Wangke and said: "A father's love for his son is a human nature, and he has to be taught. If a son is loyal and filial, he is good. If he does not obey the teaching and temptation, and forgets the etiquette and law, he will kill himself. Father Even if you love him, what will happen? Maybe Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty collapses, Emperor Zhao is established, King Yan is arrogant and indulgent, and Zhang refuses to accept it.
A husband has to be careful as a courtier. "
In Zhenguan, the princes who were young were often given the titles of governors and governors. Chu Suiliang, an admonisher, said: "In the past, the Han Dynasty ruled people by prefectures. Tang prefectures and counties were roughly in accordance with the Qin law. The prince was young, and he might be awarded the governor.
Wouldn't your majesty use the flesh and blood of the king to defend the four directions, and the saints made it, and the way is as high as the past?My humble opinion has a lot to say.who?The governor is handsome, and everyone looks up to him.If you get a good person, you will rest in the department;It is because the king loves the common people and often chooses the virtuous.
Or it is called the river running for nine miles, and the capital is blessed;Emperor Xuan of the Han Dynasty said: "Those who agree with me are only two thousand stones!" "In my foolish opinion, your Majesty's son is still young and not worthy to be with the people, please stay in the capital for a while and teach Confucian classics."One is afraid of the power of the sky and dare not violate the prohibition; the other is seeing the court rituals, which is naturally established.Therefore, he accumulated habit, knew himself as a human being, tried Linzhou, and then sent him out.I would like to follow the three emperors of Han Ming, Zhang and He, who can love and love their children, from here onwards, as the standard.Even though the kings were entrusted with land, those who were still young were called to stay in the capital, trained in etiquette, and offered favors.After the Three Emperors, there were hundreds of kings, but the two kings were a little bit evil, and the rest were all rushed and deep.But His Majesty will examine it carefully. " Taizong accepted his words.