Chapter 10 The Classic of Mountains and Seas Volume Six Overseas South Classic

Contained in the earth, between Liuhe ① and within the four seas, the sun and the moon are used to illuminate it, the stars and stars are used to pass through it, and the four seasons are used to record it ②, and the Tai Sui is used to measure it.Born by the gods, their shapes are different, or they may die or live, and only saints can understand them. [Notes] ① Liuhe: The ancients regarded east, west, south, north, upper and lower six directions as Liuhe. ②Four seasons: The ancients regarded spring, summer, autumn and winter as four seasons. ③Tai Sui: Also known as Sui Xing, namely Jupiter.Jupiter passes through the first house every year in the zodiac, and it runs for a week in about twelve years, so the ancients used it to record the year.

【Translation】What the earth bears includes all things between the upper and lower sides. Within the four seas, there are the sun and the moon to illuminate, the stars and stars to experience, the seasons of spring, summer, autumn and winter, and the time of Tai Sui. Everything on the earth is created by the gods, so all things have different shapes, some die young and some live long. Only the sages can understand the truth. Overseas, from the southwest Zou (z#u) to the southeast Zou ①. [Notes] ①陬: angle.Also, this book is from the following chapters of "Overseas South Classic". Probably when the book was first written, there were pictures first and then words, and the words were just to explain the pictures. Therefore, each chapter has a sentence indicating the direction at the beginning, like " Overseas from the southwest to the southeast" is just one sentence.

【Translation】Overseas countries, regions, mountains and rivers from the southwest corner to the southeast corner are as follows. The country of Jiexiong is in the southwest of it, and it is a man of Jiexiong②. [Note] ①It: refers to the Miemeng bird that is adjacent to Jiexiong.And Miemeng Bird is in the north of Jiexiong, please refer to the book "Overseas Western Classics". ② Jiexiong: It may refer to the chicken breast that is now called.Hungarian, same as "chest". [Translation] The country of Jiexiong is to the southwest of Mimengniao, and the people there have protruding breasts that are as sharp as chickens.

Nanshan is in its southeast ①.From this mountain, worms are called snakes, and snakes are called fish.One said Nanshan is in the southeast of Jiexiong. [Notes] ① Qi: It also refers to Miemeng Bird, otherwise, the following sentence "one said Nanshan is in the southeast of Jiexiong" will be redundant and redundant. The same below. [Translation] Nanshan is in the southeast of Miemengniao.People from this mountain call worms snakes and snakes fish.There is also a saying that Nanshan is in the southeast of Jiexiong country. The lovebirds are in the east, they are bird blue and red, and the two birds are wing-to-wing.One said it was in Nanshan Mountain.

【Translation】The Lovebird is to the east of the Miemeng Bird. As a bird, it has blue and red feathers mixed together. The wings of the two birds can only fly when they cooperate.There is also a saying that lovebirds are to the east of Nanshan. The Kingdom of Yu is in the southeast of it. It is a man with a long head and a body with feathers.One is in the southeast of Lovebird, and it is a person with long cheeks (ji2)①. [Notes] ① Cheek: Cheek, both sides of the face. 【Translation】Yuminguo is in the southeast of Miemeng Bird, where the people have long heads and are covered with feathers.Another theory is that the Yumin Kingdom is in the southeast of Lovebird, and the people there have long cheeks.

There are twenty-eight gods and men, with arms linked, who are in this field for the emperor.In the east of Yumin, there are sixteen people in him with small cheeks and red shoulders. [Note] ① Division: Inspection.Here is the meaning of waiting. 【Translation】There is a god-man named Erba, whose arms are joined together, who keeps vigil for the Emperor of Heaven in this wilderness.This man of God is in the east of Yumin Kingdom, where the people are all with narrow cheeks and red shoulders, there are sixteen people in total. Bi Fangniao is in the east, Qingshui west, and it is a bird man with a foot.One is in the east of Erbashen.

【Translation】The Bifang bird is to the east of it, and to the west of Qingshui. This bird has a human face but one foot.Another theory holds that Bi Fangniao is to the east of Erbashenren. The head country of 讙 (hu1n) is in the south, and it has wings on its face and a bird's beak (hu@), so it can catch fish①. One said it was in Bi Fangdong.Or it is called Zhu Guo. [Notes] ① Fang: Right, right.Because it is an explanatory text that matches the picture, this kind of words that describe specific actions appear.There are many such words below. 【Translation】The head country is to the south of it, and the people there are all human faces but have two wings and beaks, and they are using their beaks to catch fish.Another way of saying is that Zantou Kingdom is to the east of Bifangniao.Some people think that the country of Zhutou is the country of Zhu Zhu.

The country that hates the fire is in the south of it (the country), [it is a human] and the body of the beast is black, and the fire (fire) comes out of its mouth.One said it was in Zhudong. 【Translation】The country that hates fire is to the south of it, and the people there have the bodies of beasts and are black, and fire spits out from their mouths.Another theory holds that Yanhuo Kingdom is to the east of Zhu Zhu Kingdom. Three (strains) [bead] trees are in the north of Yanhuo, on the raw Chishui, they are trees like cypresses, and the leaves are all pearls.One said it was a tree like a comet.

[Notes] ① comet: the comet.Because it drags a long and loose tail like a broom, it is often called a broom star. The actual meaning here is that the tree is shaped like a broom. 【Translation】The three-bead tree grows on the bank of the Chishui River in the north of Yanhuo Country. The tree there is similar to the common cypress tree, and the leaves are all pearls.Another theory holds that the trees there are shaped like comets. The Three Miao Kingdom is in the east of Chishui, and it is accompanied by people.One is called Sanmao Kingdom. 【Translation】The country of Sanmiao is to the east of Chishui, and the people there walk one by one.Another way of saying is that the Sanmiao Kingdom is the Sanmao Kingdom.

The country of Dai (zh＠) is in the east, and he is a yellow man who can shoot snakes with a bow.One said (臷) [Sheng] country is in the East of Sanmao. 【Translation】The country of Yin is to the east of it, and the people there are all yellow-skinned, and they can shoot snakes with bows and arrows. Another theory holds that the Sheng Kingdom is to the east of the Sanmao Kingdom. The country of Guanxiong is in the east, and it is a man with a sense of humility.One said it was in the east of the country. 【Translation】Guanxiong Kingdom is to the east of it, and all the people there have a hole in their chest.Another theory holds that the Guanxiong Kingdom is to the east of the Yin Kingdom.

The country of Jiaoshan (j＠ng) is in the east, and it is called Jiaoshan①.One said it was passing through the east of Hungary. [Note] ① Shin: Human calf.This refers to the entire leg. ②Crossing Hungary: That is, passing through the country of Hungary.The pronunciation and meaning of the two characters "through" and "through" are the same. 【Translation】Jiaoshan Kingdom is to the east of it, where people always cross their legs and feet with each other.Another theory holds that the Jiaoshan Kingdom is to the east of the Chuanxi Kingdom. The undead people are in the east, and they are black in color, long-lived [research]①, and immortal.One said it was passing through the east of Hungary. 【Notes】①Examination: old.Refers to longevity. 【Translation】The Immortals are to the east of it, where the people are all black, all live long, and no one dies.Another theory holds that the undead people are to the east of Chuanxiong. (Qi) [Fan] The tongue country is in the east, [he is a person who retorts his tongue].One is in the east of Immortal Min. 【Translation】The country of anti-tongue is to the east of it, where people have the root of their tongue in front and the tip of the tongue stretches to the throat. Another theory holds that the country of tongue-in-cheek is to the east of the undead people. Kunlun Xu (q&) is in its east ①, and Xu (q&) is square ②.One is in the east of the (Qi) [Fan] tongue, which is empty and square. [Notes] ① Virtual: Daqiu.Here is the meaning of mountain. ②Virtual: location.This refers to the foundation at the bottom of the mountain. [Translation] Kunlun Mountain is to the east of it, and the base of the mountain is square.Another theory holds that the Kunlun Mountains are in the east of the Anti-tongue Kingdom, and the base of the mountains extends in all directions. Yi (y@) fought Chisel Chi in the Field of Shouhua①, and Yi shot and killed him.East of Kunlun Xu (q&).Yi holds a bow and arrow, and Chisel Teeth holds a shield.One said [holding] Ge. [Notes] ①Yi: The god in myths and legends.Chisel tooth: Legend has it that a god-man who is both human and beast has a tooth protruding from his mouth, which is five or six feet long and shaped like a chisel. [Translation] Yi and Chiuchi fought in the wilderness of Shouhua, and Yi shot Chiuchi to death.The place is just to the east of Kunlun Mountain.In that battle, Yi held the bow and arrow in his hand, and the chisel tooth held the shield in his hand.Another theory holds that chisel teeth hold daggers. The kingdom of three heads is in its east, and it is a man with three heads. 【Translation】The kingdom of three heads is to the east of it, and the people there have one body and three heads. Zhou Rao State is in the east, and he is short and small, with a crown.One said that Jiao Yuguo was in the east of Sanshou. [Note] ①Crown belt: Both are used as verbs here, that is, to put on a crown and tie a belt. ②Jiaoyi Country: It is said that the people in this country and Zhou Rao Country are only three feet tall.And "Jiao Qie" and "Zhou Rao" are both voices of "dwarfs".Gnomes are short people.Then the country of Jiaoyi is the country of Zhou Rao, which is now called the country of small people. 【Translation】Zhou Rao State is to the east of it, and the people there are all short in stature, wearing hats and belts and being neat and tidy.Another theory holds that Zhou Rao State is to the east of the Three Heads State. The country of long arms is in the east, and in the fishing water, each hand holds a fish.One day, in the east of Jiaoyu, fishing in the sea. 【Translation】Long Arm Country is to the east of it, where people are fishing in the water, holding a fish in each hand on the left and right.Another theory holds that the Long Arm Kingdom is to the east of the Jiaofu Kingdom, where people fish in the sea. In Dishan, Emperor Yao was buried in Yang, and Emperor Ku (k) was buried in Yin①.There are bears, 罴 (p0), Wenhu, 蜼 (w7i), leopards, Lizhu, Shirou②.Both Yuyan and King Wen were buried in their places.One is Tangshan.One is Yuan Youxiong, 罴, Wenhu, 蜼, Leopard, Lizhu, (■) [鸱] (ch9) Jiu, Shirou, and 虖交④. [Notes] ① Emperor Ku: The legendary father of the ancient emperor Tang Yao. ② Li Zhu: It may be a three-legged bird in myths and legends.This bird is in the sun, similar to a crow, but with three legs.Meat-seeing: A legendary monster shaped like a beef liver with two eyes. After cutting off its meat and eating it, it will grow back in a short time, intact. ③Yuyan: It may refer to the legendary ancient emperor Yushun. King Wen: that is, King Wen of Zhou, Jichang, was the founding monarch of the Zhou Dynasty. ④ 虖交: It is unknown what it is. [Translation] Dishan, Tang Yao was buried on the south side of this mountain after his death, and Emperor Ku was buried on the north side of this mountain after his death.There are bears, phoenixes, spotted tigers, macaques, leopards, three-legged crows, and sight meats.Yuyan and King Wen were also buried here.Another theory is that it is in Tangshan.There is also a saying that there are bears, phoenixes, spotted tigers, long-tailed apes, leopards, Lizhu birds, hawks, sight meats, and scorpions. (It) [has] Fan Linfang three hundred miles ①. [Notes] ①Fan Lin: The forest is densely populated. 【Translation】There is a piece of Fan Lin with a radius of three hundred li. Zhurong in the south, with a beast body and a human face, rides two dragons. 【Notes】①Zhu Rong: The god of fire in myths and legends. 【Translation】The God of Zhurong in the south has the body of a beast and the face of a man, riding two dragons.