Chapter 2 Learn from Mr. Liang Shuming

This morning the autumn air was crisp, which whetted the appetite, so I ate 6 steamed buns and two cucumbers for lunch.After the meal, the sky suddenly turned gloomy, and I was a little upset, so I used the Confucian secret "attack from all sides" to treat it.While watching TV, playing chess, teasing the kitten, and reading some old books.First read "Cultural Conflict and Integration", Peking University Press, 1997 edition, which is a collection of essays commemorating the centennial births of Zhang Shenfu, Liang Shuming, and Tang Yongtong.I focused on reading Liang Shuming's part, and quickly browsed through the other parts.Unconsciously, I fell into thinking about Liang Shuming's question, so I read another "Liang Shuming's Questions and Answers", more than 150,000 words, Hunan People's Publishing House, April 1988 edition.In June of the same year, Liang Shuming passed away at the age of 95.This question-and-answer book was compiled successively by Wang Donglin. It was serialized in "People" magazine in 1986, and I have read part of it.This time I read it completely, sketched it, and wrote some thoughts.Looking up, the moon is already in the window, and the sky is full of sunshine.

Liang Shuming's name is on fire right now.In fact, like other praised masters, most of them have neither met him nor read his writings.It's just that I heard that Liang Shuming once challenged Mao Zedong face to face, so he praised him as an "anti-communist master".Today's traitor camp is really pitiful. They have neither knowledge nor morality. As long as they hear that anyone has blush with the Communist Party, they will immediately recognize them as their own fathers.No wonder Mr. Wang Jingwei filled the sea angrily in a fit of anger. Liang Shuming's ancestors were not Han Chinese, so I ask the traitor brothers not to think about him.They were originally from the clan of the Yuan Dynasty, Mongolians, surnamed "Yexiantie Mu'er", named "Liang Wang", and lived in Ruyang, Henan.After the fall of the Yuan Dynasty, the surname was changed to Liang, which is said to be taken from "Mencius sees King Hui of Liang".In fact, their family and Mr. Meng were at odds with each other, so they probably said that to appear educated.However, Teacher Kong felt that Mencius’s article about King Hui of Liang was all about how to implement benevolent government and how to build an ideal country. Young children, my wife, my wife, and a man's wife" can be said to be the great ideal of communism in ancient China. These happen to be surprisingly similar to Mr. Liang Shuming's thoughts, so Mr. Liang was deeply impressed.

This Yexian family had intermarried with the Han people for hundreds of years. They ran from Henan to Guangxi, then to Hebei, then to Shanxi, and then to Beijing. The Jueluo family had long forgotten that they were Mongolians when they were officials—this is the integration of the Chinese nation. The family tree records ancestors, but they do not engage in racial superiority, natural integration, and equal competition.Liang Shuming's father, Liang Juchuan, was a cabinet attendant who was a fourth-rank official in the late Qing Dynasty.When Zhang Xun's restoration failed, the old man knew that the Qing Dynasty was really irretrievable. In 1918, on the eve of his sixtieth birthday, he plunged into the Jishui Pond to die for the Qing Dynasty, which immediately caused a sensation in the capital.Chen Duxiu, Li Dazhao, Hu Shi and other new generation of writers have written articles criticizing this feudal remnant.But Teacher Kong believes that anyone who is loyal to his own ideological position and does not hesitate to sacrifice himself, regardless of whether his thinking is "right or wrong", this person is worthy of respect.

When Liang Shuming was young, he experienced the Allied Forces of Eight Powers breaking into his house and smashing all his toys.Those traitors who slandered the Boxers as "thugs" kept saying that the Eight-Power Allied Forces were "a teacher of civilization and justice", but Mr. Liang Shuming's views would definitely disappoint them. Liang Shuming entered Beijing's first foreign school "Chinese and Western Elementary School" at the age of seven, and later changed schools many times.He was relatively poor in his studies, and his highest education was a middle school graduate, but he became a professor at Peking University at a young age.Could it be that Liang Shuming is talented and has a superhuman IQ?No.Liang Shuming has been sickly and weak since he was a child.He was 6 years old and still couldn't wear a trouser belt. One morning, his mother called him from across the room and asked him why he still didn't get up. He yelled, "My sister won't help me put my trousers on!"After entering adolescence, Liang Shuming's intelligence began to develop.So everyone understands why Teacher Kong recommended Liang Shuming as a study object, right?Top talents like Lu Xun, Hu Shi, Qian Zhongshu, and Zhang Ailing cannot be learned by ordinary people.And someone like Liang Shuming, whose qualifications are as low as Guo Jing's, turned out to be a master of the generation. Is this enough to inspire thousands of friends who are ranked after 30 in the class?

Liang Shuming's original name was Huanding, and his courtesy name was Shouming. When he was a reporter for the "Republic of China", his pen name was Shoumin or Shoumin.Editor-in-Chief Sun Bingwen (see Kong Qingdong's "Top Ten Marshals in Love" series of articles) once inscribed a fan titled "Shu Ming" for him, and he has been using this name ever since.According to Dongbo’s method of interpreting names, the three characters of this name all contain water, so I was able to challenge Mao Zedong later. “Mao Zedong” plus “Mao Runzhi” was only two water, so I had to let him take the lead, it was necessary.Although Mao Zedong was angry at the time, he didn't care about it afterwards.

Liang Shuming focused on two major issues throughout his life: life issues and national issues.In China, these two issues are interrelated.Teacher Kong believes that as a Chinese intellectual after 1840, whoever does not care about national issues, or claims to only care about "universal values" and abandons specific issues in China, he is not even worthy of being a "universal person" .Whether we regard Liang Shuming as a master of Buddhism or Confucianism, we should not forget that he is first and foremost a social activist and a practitioner of thought.He joined the Tongmenghui and the Kuomintang in his early years to save China.Later, he withdrew from the Kuomintang and formed the Democratic League, also to save China.Liang Shuming thinks through observation and thinking that the joys and sorrows of life do not lie in the outside world, but in oneself.Before he came to Peking University, he lived at home for two years, studying a lot of Buddhist scriptures and Buddhist works (similar to Lu Xun). He became a vegetarian at the age of 19. He once thought of becoming a monk. Later, he realized it further and got married at the age of 29.Just as Teacher Kong thought, monks may not be true monks, especially in modern commercial society, there is no real monk in the temple, and there is no real temple in the world.The real good monks drag their families to fight in the secular ocean.

Liang Shuming worked as a PhD supervisor for himself at home, studied for two years at his own expense, and was invited by Cai Yuanpei to be a professor of philosophy at Peking University at the age of 24.Now many foolish people are advocating the "democratic cult" like a swarm. They don't know that the reason why Cai Yuanpei created the myth of Peking University back then was all due to "dictatorship".Cai Yuanpei can invite whoever he wants, and expel whoever he wants, without having to hold any professor meeting or vote for bullshit.Layers of responsibility, everyone uses their own reputation to guarantee their work performance.Why are Chinese universities not doing well today?One of the reasons is that the president of the dignified university can't even command a guard. If he wants to fire a logistics section chief, he must first inquire whether that guy's brother-in-law is a boiler burner in the Ministry of Education.From evaluating professional titles to selling steamed buns, no one is responsible for everything. It is a black box operation. It is called democracy, but in fact it is a bunch of rotten persimmons drowning Ao Shuanghua. 80 mediocre people (including 5 traitors and 5 hooligans) voted Ways to crowd out and frame 20 heroes.Cai Yuanpei asked Liang Shuming to give lectures on Indian philosophy at Peking University, relying on his own academic vision, regardless of his education background or family background.Liang Shuming said that he never went to university, and he never stayed abroad. He "never paid attention" to the six schools of philosophy in India and "was afraid that he would not be able to do it".Cai Yuanpei said the century-old saying: You certainly don’t know much about Indian philosophy, and you haven’t found anyone else who is more proficient in it.So Liang Shuming became a professor of philosophy at Peking University.

Cai Yuanpei did even more outrageous things. He wanted to hire Chen Duxiu as the dean of liberal arts at Peking University. In order to pass the test of the Ministry of Education, he personally forged Chen Duxiu's academic qualifications.It is said that falsification is not good, but if it is for the benefit of the people to fool the bureaucrats, I think it is a hero, because universities are run for the people, not for the Ministry of Education!Such a myth cannot be reproduced today, because even with a Bole like Cai Yuanpei, he would not be able to get past the gates of hell that the professors are jealous of.

Liang Shuming is neither left nor right, and half new is not old, so he can often look at people objectively.For example, while he affirmed Chen Duxiu's great historical achievements, he also pointed out that "Chen is a man who is usually undisciplined, doesn't speak in style, speaks directly, is very rude, and often offends people." No one introduced him to join the party, so Liang Shuming knew that "obviously I am not suitable for this person." He agreed with Hu Shi's vernacular ideas, but did not admire Hu Shi's character. He's not perfect."On the first day of class, Mr. Liang went to the principal's office to ask Cai Yuanpei what his attitude was towards Confucius.Cai Yuanpei "replied thoughtfully: We are not against Confucius. Confucianism, as a science, must be studied seriously." It's a pity, but his personality is very strong, his spirit is extraordinary, and he has something that I can't match."

Liang Shuming resigned after teaching at Peking University for 7 years because he had a new understanding of education.He concluded that there were two types of young students at that time, one was depraved and fooled around to obtain a diploma, and the other was self-respecting and self-improving but bored and suffering.So Liang Shuming wanted to set up another battlefield to save the youth besides school education.It's a pity that there was no blog at that time, otherwise Mr. Shuming would definitely open up a "Liangbo Academy". Since then, Mr. Liang has devoted himself to rural construction, traveling in Shandong, Guangdong, Henan, Hebei, Jiangsu, Shanxi and other places.In the old China where the warlords ruled the country, saving the country by education was far from satisfying the near thirst, but activities such as prohibiting gambling and drugs, opposing foot-binding, literacy, teaching agriculture and animal husbandry, health care and epidemic prevention, and changing social customs generally promoted social progress. You can't ask every intellectual to lead the people in revolution.

When Liang Shuming conducted educational experiments in Shandong, he received the support of Shandong Chairman Han Fuju.There are many folk jokes about Han Fuju's ignorance, and Mr. Kong will tell seven or eight.But in fact, Han Fuju has a high level of education, he is familiar with the Four Books and Five Classics, and he has served as a "secretary" in the county government and in the army.Mr. Kong believes that part of his stupid and funny actions in the legend are the "collection" effect of folk literature, which concentrates what happened to many people on one person, resulting in a "typical" effect; the other part may be Han Fuju's intentional Playing stupid and pretending to be stupefied can be divided into humorous ridicule and cynicism.For example, Chiang Kai-shek promoted the "New Life Movement" and forced all citizens to "pass on the right side" when they went to the streets. Han Fuju said: "Chairman Chiang's head has water in his head? Let people walk on the right side of the aisle, so who the fuck on the left side?" Ah? Isn’t half of the road wasted?” A provincial chairman would never be so mentally handicapped. If Han Fuju really said this, he would be pretending to be an idiot to oppose Chiang Kai-shek’s unpopular “New Life Movement” .As for Liang Shuming's educational experiment, Han Fuju not only supported it, but also personally inspected it.Han Fuju had a stubborn personality and pretended to be arrogant, so Feng Yuxiang and Chiang Kai-shek hated him very much.Feng Yuxiang slapped him, and Lao Jiang finally found a charge of "fleeing without a fight" and trapped Han Fuju to death. Liang Shuming had contacts with many high-ranking people from both the Kuomintang and the Communist Party. He was proud of being a veteran of the League, with high ambitions and great knowledge, so although he treated people peacefully, there were actually few people who admired them.During the Anti-Japanese War, he went to Yan'an twice.The first time I talked with Mao Zedong all night about the future of the Anti-Japanese War, Mao was convinced.Mao Zedong confessed to him the views of the upcoming "On Protracted War", and Liang Shuming's eyes suddenly brightened.He said: "I have heard and read Chiang Kai-shek's speeches and proclamations many times, and I have had individual conversations several times. None of them are as attractive and convincing as Mao Zedong this time. I say these without any subjective It is a historical fact.” Mao Zedong was able to convince Liang Shuming, and of course later he also convinced the entire Kuomintang and the people of the whole country.The second time I talked all night long about the issue of building a new China, and debates arose on class struggle and reformism.Liang Shuming emphasized the particularity of Chinese society, which can be built naturally according to the ethical standard of traditional culture, while Mao Zedong emphasized "universal values" and emphasized that "Chinese society also has a common aspect with Western society", and it cannot be completed without revolution. Historical mission. "The two were at loggerheads, and neither of them convinced the other." But the conversation was calm and friendly, "It's obviously an argument that neither side gives in to, but it makes you feel at ease, like talking with old friends." A few years later, Liang Shuming reflected on his understanding of Chinese society and admitted that not only classes existed in China, but also sharp class struggles existed.It was not Mao Zedong who persuaded him, but the reality of the Anti-Japanese War awakened him.Many of Liang Shuming's students joined the Communist Party's anti-Japanese troops, and some even died.Witnessing the reality of the Anti-Japanese War and the KMT's deformed Anti-Japanese War and active anti-Communist high-pressure policy, Liang Shuming participated in the creation of the "Democratic League", becoming the third largest political force outside the KMT and the Communist Party.Once people participate in politics, they will inevitably say wrong things and do wrong things.Liang Shuming "has always had two words of self-encouragement and encouragement: one is not to be too suspicious of others in terms of personality, and the other is not to trust oneself too much in terms of knowledge." Teacher Kong believes that these two sentences are worth learning. Liang Shuming prided himself on wanting to "carry on the sage's knowledge for the past, and create peace for all generations." His family letter said, "In the future, China's overall situation and the work of building a country will require me, and I can't die." He encountered danger many times and survived. He thinks that God blesses him as a great man of the nation.Later he realized his arrogance, and it turned out that it was the underground heroes of the Communist Party who protected him. In 1946, Liang Shuming went to Yan'an for the second time and talked about the ideal of building a country that could not be said in Chongqing. Mao Zedong invited ten CCP leaders to listen to him in class.Mr. Liang is anti-civil war and anti-corruption, but he has nothing to do with the status quo, thinking that peace is nowhere in sight.Unexpectedly, in just three years, the Communist Party defeated Chiang Kai-shek and established a new China, "finally began a long-term economic construction in China", and his ideal could be realized.Liang Shuming also had illusions about the Kuomintang, trying to make peace between the Kuomintang and the Communist Party, and even helped the Kuomintang to disarm the CCP, which led to the famous Zhou Enlai incident.Zhou Enlai raged in a rare way: "Mr. Liang, stop talking! My heart is broken!" Liang Shuming soon realized that he really didn't understand politics and was easily taken advantage of by abstract and beautiful words, so he adopted the principle of "only talk, no action" and only represented individuals, not any organization.Teacher Kong fully agrees with this point.It is right for us intellectuals to care about major affairs in the world, but political issues are intricate and should not be easily involved. When in doubt, it is due diligence to speak out your own voice, and it is best not to form cliques.It is more appropriate for specific operations to be done by dedicated politicians.There are many scholars who have done things that harm the interests of the people with enthusiasm. Don't mistake your political enthusiasm for political ability.Even if a professor of political science at Peking University really gets into politics, I'm afraid he is not an opponent of an old lady in the street. Teacher Liang decided to only represent an individual, and his degree of freedom of speech was close to that of Teacher Kong.On the one hand, he criticized the Kuomintang, demanding that the Kuomintang take responsibility for instigating the civil war, plead guilty, and accept the punishment of war criminals.On the other hand, he believes that although the Communist Party was forced, it has fought for three years and should apologize to the people.Liang Shuming didn't think the new China of one-party dictatorship established by the Communist Party was ideal. In 1950, Mao Zedong invited him to join the government, but Liang Shuming refused. He believed that "the overall situation of the country will not be stable and unified from now on. And I have worked for the state affairs as a third party. Once the overall situation changes, I will still be able to People like me are needed to work for state affairs." Mr. Liang is indeed too conceited, and he always feels that he, the "savior of the Chinese people", has not yet officially appeared on the stage.So after the founding of the People's Republic of China, he always found fault with the CCP, and Mao Zedong always listened to his opinions with an open mind.After inspecting land reform in the Southwest, Liang Shuming praised Deng Xiaoping's talents to Lao Mao. Mao Zedong laughed and said loudly: "Mr. Liang is quite accurate. Whether it is politics or military affairs, Deng Xiaoping is a good player." Liang Shuming is a social practitioner. From specific social investigations, he gradually changed his thinking and published an article, saying, "I have realized my own mistakes in terms of whether classes, class struggle, and armed revolution can solve China's problems and how to solve them. Against the CCP.” This is not to follow the wind, but to obey the truth.Liang Shuming didn't realize his mistakes before, firstly because the rural experiments he conducted did not really go deep into the bottom of the backcountry; The "unity of opposites" in the philosophical sense; the third is because he subjectively believes that the Communist Party is mainly peasants. After reading Peng Zhen's article, he realized that it is just the "historical background" of the Communist Party members. The essence of the Communist Party is the spirit of the Chinese nation The vanguard, including China's best intellectuals. Liang Shuming has a super self-correcting ability, which is a good thing, but it has caused his self-inflated consciousness to remain unresolved for a long time.In his own words, it is "self-determination" and "individual heroism".That's why the conflict with Mao Zedong at the CPPCC in 1953 occurred. At that meeting, the issue of the general line was discussed. The country had already decided to vigorously develop heavy industry.Intellectuals like Mr. Liang and Mr. Kong always like to talk about issues that the government and ordinary people tend to ignore, and they like to exaggerate.Liang Shuming said that after liberation, the living conditions of urban workers improved rapidly, but the peasants were still suffering, one in Jiutian and one in Jiudi, so the country should not neglect the peasants.There is nothing wrong with this statement alone, but when it is put into the specific context of the early days of the founding of the People's Republic of China and the specific context of resisting US aggression and aiding Korea, it makes a "misguided orientation".The next day, Mao Zedong criticized this argument without naming names as "a small benevolent government rather than a great benevolent government." Could it be that the Communist Party has engaged in peasant movements for decades and still doesn't understand farmers?If Mao Zedong directly criticized Liang Shuming, there might not be a conflict. However, Mao Zedong adopted Lu Xun's style of writing, hoping to save Liang Shuming's face. Unexpectedly, Liang Shuming's favorite thing is to single-handedly challenge a party. In a fit of anger, I wrote a letter", requesting that "the chairman give me a chance to repeat my original speech in person and then give me advice."This is actually a gauntlet for a debate. Teacher Kong has also done this kind of "extremely strong" behavior, and he can understand the "heroic feelings" very well. After Liang Shuming handed the letter to Mao Zedong in person, Lao Mao asked him to talk to him that night, and Teacher Liang had a problem.This is very different from our old Confucian family.Confucius said: "Don't mean it, don't have to, don't be solid, don't be me." If the purpose of the debate is to prove that you are right, then what's the point of debating?The true Confucian demeanor is not only reflected in the ability to admit mistakes after introspection, but even more valuable is to admit mistakes on the spot, see the bright moon when the clouds and mists are cleared, and the sky is full of sunshine.The two broke up in an unhappy conversation, but Liang Shuming still asked to "find another opportunity to repeat his views and let the public comment." The meaning of this remark is not only to insist that he is right, but also to mean: you use the chairman's My status has suppressed me, and I want to use a democratic way to redress my grievances.This is the mentality that often arises when intellectuals have conflicts with their leaders. Regardless of right or wrong, we first identify ourselves as "a person who has been wronged and oppressed", and the more we think about it, the more angry we become, and the more we think about it, the more righteous we become.So you don't consider other people's feelings. Two days later, Liang Shuming made a long speech at the conference, recounting the entire content of his previous two speeches, and emphasizing that he "warmly supports the general line."The conference turned into a performance stage for Mr. Liang alone, and no one responded to him at that time.Liang Shuming didn't know that this speech was tantamount to launching an all-out attack on the Communist Party by himself. He just thought that he was speaking happily, without considering how the ruling party was hurt and how it would react after being injured.If his theory of "nine heavens and nine places" is accepted, wouldn't all the achievements of the Communist Party be wiped out?Is it necessary to blame the Communist Party for the fact that the peasants' life is still very difficult after the founding of the People's Republic of China? But Mao Zedong was still patient, because after all, Liang Shuming was a "crazy student" who only represented an individual. If he represented the China Securities Regulatory Commission or the Chinese Football Association, ha, then the problem would be serious.The next day, a central leader launched a counterattack against Liang Shuming, citing his consistent "reactionary" historical examples.But Liang Shuming thought, you just said that I opposed the Communist Party, and I also opposed the Kuomintang, why don't you say it? "Is this an attitude of treating people fairly and convincing them with reason?" Asking people to point out your shortcomings while also pointing out your strengths shows that Liang Shuming is no longer very rational.He asked to speak in defense, and the host asked him to go home to prepare, in fact, to give him room for maneuver.But old Mr. Liang "doesn't know good and bad" and is ready to fight to the death—let's think about it, Deng Xiaoping or Hua Guofeng, even Xu Shiyou, would not do this.The central government has repeatedly given him face, but Professor Liang Da vowed not to give him face. As soon as he started to speak on the third day, he announced that he would start from history, "In addition to clarifying the original intention of the current opinion, it also involves the right and wrong in history... I need to give me more time." This is too much From the point of view of ordinary participants, the topic of the CPPCC was originally to discuss the general line, but it was "democratized" and turned into Mr. Liang's personal performance.If you have held hundreds of academic conferences and political conferences, it is not difficult to understand how disgusting everyone is when there is such a person with a strong desire to perform in the conference.Other people's "democratic" rights are the same as yours, so why do you have to listen to your talk for five, six or seven hours?According to Liang Shuming's eloquence, he could speak for two days and two nights.So some representatives just bombarded him.In fact, this was the last opportunity for Mr. Liang to step down, but he chose the wrong item again, "I turned the conversation to the rostrum, especially Chairman Mao, to fight for the right to speak. This is my big disaster. The beginning of expanding the mistake. I was arrogant and reckless in language, and even I was surprised afterwards." Since you talk about democracy, you shouldn't use the authority of the leader to gain the right to speak. Teacher Liang's behavioral logic Paradoxically, this is what all of us scholars should remember. Liang Shuming's marksmanship was messed up, so he said the famous sentence, regarding whether he was allowed to continue speaking as a "test" for the Communist Party and Mao Zedong, "Chairman, if you have this generosity, I will respect you even more; if you really don't have this Be generous, and I will lose your respect." The superficially polite words contained serious personal character attacks.Whether Mao Zedong and the Communist Party have "magnanimity" or not is to be judged by Mr. Liang, and whether he is given the privilege of speaking for a long time. If he agrees to this special request, what is the "backbone" of the Communist Party?Where is the "personality" of the Communist Party?Liang Shuming must have been confused at the time, and it was not a deliberate "word coercion" against Mao Zedong, let alone an "anti-Communist plan" planned in advance.Would Liang Shuming dare to say that to Chiang Kai-shek?In the words of ordinary people, it is all "accustomed" by the Communist Party. And Mao Zedong is the same, just let him talk, or don't let him talk, let him say that the Communist Party is not generous, anyway, right and wrong have their own opinions.But Mao Zedong, like a student in a college debate competition, forgot his status as a leader, and started arguing with Liang Shuming sentence by sentence on the rostrum.Some people may say that Mao Zedong is also a man of temperament, not pretending, this is the way to treat others equally.But after all, he is the top leader at the venue, the representative of the image of the party and the country, and a willful quarrel with a famous scholar will definitely have a bad impact, and the direct impression given is "undemocratic".The continuation of this kind of debate is of course beneficial to Liang Shuming, but not to Mao Zedong. It is like an ordinary teacher arguing with the principal at a meeting. Of course, the image of the principal will be damaged.As a result, the meeting place was full of uproar and chaos, which was ridiculous enough from the standpoint of the outsider. Liang Shuming didn't see any great people in his eyes, and he didn't give Lao Mao any face. He held "graciousness" in his left hand and "respect" in his right hand, and he insisted on speaking life and death.Lao Mao was probably tired of the quarrel, so he compromised and said, don't talk too long, "Is it okay to talk until four o'clock?" Liang Shuming looked at the watch and it was past three o'clock, "I can't make it if I talk until four o'clock!" We used to be professors at Peking University, subconsciously, if we didn't delay the students' meals, it would appear that we were incapable of lecturing.A member of the Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference speaks like this to the country's top leader at the state assembly. Can this happen today?Regardless of whether Liang Shuming's approach is right or wrong, can we say that today's "democracy" is more advanced than that time?If we say that democracy and autocracy are relative, the democracy at that time not only surpassed the Beiyang government and the Kuomintang era, but it is also incomparable today. Afterwards, there were many uproars in the venue. Lao Mao maintained order several times, asked him to "speak for another ten minutes", and asked him to "speak for another ten minutes" after a while, but every time Liang Shuming pointed out that there was not enough time, but he didn't say anything. How long to speak.It can be seen that Liang Shuming is good at long speeches, but does not have the ability to clarify the basic issues in a short period of time, or temporarily maintain a situation where he can step down.This is exactly the common fault of most intellectuals in modern China.In the end, the meeting was a mess, Lao Mao regained his senses, but was also confused by Liang Shuming.In the end, someone put forward a vote to vote on whether to let Liang Shuming continue to speak.Both Mao Zedong and the Central Committee members supported Liang Shuming's speech, but most of the participants did not agree.Liang Shuming ignored the results of the democratic vote and continued to talk—it was crazy.Gao Gang, who presided over the meeting, had no choice but to ask him to find another time to speak again. In fact, Liang Shuming's conflict with Mao Zedong this time seemed intense in form, but not serious in content.Liang Shuming was neither anti-communist and anti-Mao, nor opposed to the general line. He just liked to be unconventional, and he used his personal limelight because he was an old friend of the Communist Party, knowledgeable, and well-known.The more I think I have been wronged, the more I feel like a hero.It's like a young man in love, the more he thinks that the other party has misunderstood him, the more he feels that his love is extremely firm and moving. However, Liang Shuming is a well-cultivated university student after all. Afterwards, he was unmoved by others' attacks and criticisms, but the advice of his son, students, and friends made him realize. ".Teacher Kong thinks this summary is very wonderful, and it speaks of a common problem of contemporary Chinese intellectuals.On the premise that life is not in danger, scolding the government and leaders is actually a very popular thing to do, which can win the appreciation of the society and even international reputation.Realistically speaking, governments and leaders also need to hear criticism on a regular basis.But some intellectuals, first of all, do not start from the facts, but try to be different for the sake of gaining fame, regardless of whether their remarks are beneficial to the people or the country. In fact, they are courageous but heartless.However, Liang Shuming was able to reflect on his own ideological problems from this incident. He said that seeing the Chinese Communist Party reversed the bad luck of China's century-old sinking in one fell swoop, it was not unnecessary for him to shout "Long live Chairman Mao" a thousand times. , But I just can’t say it out of my mouth, why, it’s because of my class position.Take arrogance as "backbone", and vanity as stubbornness.When Teacher Kong saw this, he reflected on himself as well.Although I grew up during the Cultural Revolution, I never took the initiative to shout "Long live Chairman Mao". Instead, I bet with my classmates several times and shouted "Down with Chairman Mao".This is not some foresight of "anti-personality cult", but after reading a few more books, I always feel that I am different, and I refuse to bend down in front of another life, and I faintly feel that this is a kind of noble proof.Sometimes, we are obviously deeply in love with a person of the opposite sex, and we are tormented to sleep and eat, but we are embarrassed to show it, pretend to be calm, and even belittle and sarcasm the other person until the matter is out of the question, or the other person is angry. After running away, I started to reflect.This is also one of the common problems of Chinese intellectuals. Although Liang Shuming "had a battle" with Mao Zedong, he was not dealt with in any way, and he never wore any political hat.In the following decades, although Liang Shuming no longer "has made a scene at the venue", he still insisted on his own independent views and insisted on "not keeping the same line with the Communist Party".Whether he is right or wrong, this position is worthy of an honest intellectual. For example, at the Two Sessions in the 1960s, everyone said that the great achievements of New China were due to grasping class struggle, but Liang Shuming said that this was the result of Chairman Mao's Communist Party respecting science and relying on the masses.In fact, the two statements are not contradictory, but Liang Shuming must say something different from others to be comfortable.During the Four Cleans Movement, Liang Shuming advocated gradually replacing punishment with education. He believed that it was wrong to let those who made mistakes clean the toilets, because cleaning toilets should be a glorious thing in the socialist era, and it was normal labor for cadres and students to wash excrement. It should not be punished.His thinking can be said to be much more "left" than the Communist Party, anyway, he is different. In 1966, after a group of Red Guards ransacked his home, he began to write "On the Similarities and Differences of Confucianism and Buddhism" and "Overview of Oriental Academics".He does not oppose Lin Biao, but he opposes writing the successor's name into the constitution.Every time Liang Shuming put forward a "reactionary proposition", it would attract criticism.But the higher-ups instructed: "Because some people have always been reactionary, it is not surprising that some people take the opportunity to poison, and there is no need to pester them."It seems that speaking and doing things are aboveboard and selfless in heart, so they are immune to all poisons.In the movement to criticize Lin Piao and Confucius, Liang Shuming even "released his poison".One said that Lin Biao had little to do with Confucius, so why criticize Lin Biao should criticize Confucius—this is also the main point of Confucius; second, that although Chairman Mao had an anti-Confucian side, he still had a side that praised Confucius, and he should not be partial—this would also It was supported by many people; thirdly, it was said that Lin Biao had no line at all, because the line was open and aboveboard regardless of whether it was right or wrong, and Lin Biao did not have an open and systematic thought of governing the country, so there was no "Lin Biao reactionary line" at all.This is tantamount to completely negating the campaign to criticize Lin Piao and Confucius, so they were besieged.Unexpectedly, after criticizing him for a while, he suddenly got an evil fire and blurted out: "The three armies can win the commander, but the common man can't win the ambition." Hmph, if you don't give me face, then I won't give you face either. Teacher Kong is so similar. After the Third Plenary Session of the Eleventh Central Committee of the Communist Party of China, Liang Shuming became more attentive and put forward many constructive suggestions, but there were not so many out of the ordinary ones.His ideas have been copied a million times by too many parrots.Liang Shuming concluded that the three elements of national development are: collective leadership, promoting democracy and improving the legal system.This was his view in the 1980s, and it has become a cliché today. If he lived today, he must have a new "theory of similarities and differences". Liang Shuming, as a generation of wizards, did not benefit from precocious wisdom, nor did he benefit from his family education, nor did he benefit from following famous teachers and famous schools or studying abroad.Mr. Kong summed up his experience as four points for internal and external, and four internal points: one is earnestness, the other is integrity, the third is few desires, and the fourth is introspection.The other four points: one is the progress of Confucianism, the other is the compassion of Buddhism, the third is love for the motherland, and the fourth is social practice.Of these eight points, we ordinary people can learn four of them, which is enough to "wash a glass of water in the deep sea". Note from Monk Kong: Hong Kong Fax 2008 Issue 78 is "Learning from Mr. Liang Shuming" by Kong Qingdong. I read it with a narcissistic mood. It is really well written.Mr. Sima Nan commented: "When reading and studying Liang Shuming's writings, you will be delighted, smooth, and very fast. They are both upright and harmonious, complementing each other, laughing and cursing, and then they form a style. Confucian wizards are the best." Pan Mr. Wei commented: "The monk's recent articles are full of wit and uniqueness. From mocking Han to praising Liang, as well as the beautiful articles commenting on the opening ceremony, I have read them all. Envy, admiration. The article praising Liang should be a model article." Youth Mr. Xinheng, a writer, commented after listening to my class: "Free thought, independent consciousness, happy spirit, and the principle of tolerance." The praises of friends from all over the world, Monk Kong is more willing to regard it as encouragement.After all, there are few times when it can be done. When it can't be done, friends drink more and eat more vegetables, and they can't stand up.