Chapter 15 The second part is a small record of cultural relics, section 15 "Shangshan Sihao" and "Seeing Nanshan leisurely"

"Shangshan Sihao" and "Leisurely See Nanshan" Shen Congwen's posthumous works, the date of writing is unknown. According to historical records, the family of Liuhou: "...and Yan, set wine, and serve the prince. The four of them followed the prince, all over eighty years old, with fair beards and white eyebrows, and magnificent clothes. I was very strange and asked: "What is that person?" Four Everyone said their names and surnames, saying Dongyuan Gong, Mr. Li, Qili Ji, and Xiahuang Gong." Preface to the biography of Wang Ji in the Han Dynasty: "Hanxing has Yuangong, Qili, Jixia, Huanggong, and Mr. Li. These four people, when the Qin Dynasty lived, avoided entering the deep mountains of Shangluo to wait for the order of the world. Since Gaozu heard about it Called, but not. Later, Empress Lu used the strategy of staying as a marquis, so that the crown prince humbled his speech and tied the silk to pay him a gift, and then greeted him with a car. When the four arrived, they met with the prince and respected him, and the prince was able to serve as a guest. Heavy, so use self-safety."

This is the origin of the so-called "Shangshan Sihao" allusion.In the past 2,000 years, there have been only four people who have been annotated scholars who are called Qili or Qiliji. Some disagree, but others have little disagreement.However, two newly unearthed cultural relics in the past half century called "Shangshan Sihao" as "Nanshan Sihao".The first one is a rectangular basket woven from bamboo strips obtained by the Japanese in the Han tombs excavated in Korea in the past. In addition to the stories of filial sons that have been popular since the Western Han Dynasty, the four corners of the basket are also painted with four Gao Shi, but next to him used the official script to read the four characters "Nanshan Sihao".The time when this bamboo basket was produced was roughly at the end of the Western Han Dynasty and the beginning of the Eastern Han Dynasty.It can be proved that the folk workers at that time called these four people "Nanshan Sihao".This Nan character is written in the same style as the Nan character in the wooden bamboo slips of the Western Regions.

We can suspect that this is just an isolated evidence, thinking that the workers in the Han Dynasty wrote sloppily and sloppily. Wrong, not enough as an example.But things are not unique in the world. In a large tomb of painted bricks from the Southern Dynasties unearthed in Dengxian County, Henan Province in recent years, we found some long square bricks with a size of one foot. One of them has a four-character inscription next to the embossed figure: "Nanshan Four Hao".The last time the lacquer basket was written in cursive official script, which is easy to be confused, but this time it is used in regular script, which is probably not wrong.This raises a new question for us. It turns out that the "Shangshan Sihao" in the historical biography was commonly known as the "Nanshan Sihao" in the Han Dynasty and the Six Dynasties.It can be seen that using cultural relics to prove history, some places can really inspire us a lot of new knowledge, at least it can provide some new materials, and the nature is quite solid and reliable.

This reminds us that for many years, when scholars discussed Tao poetry, they happily quoted "picking chrysanthemums under the eastern fence, and seeing Nanshan leisurely".Regarding the interpretation of these two lines of poems, most people think that these ten words show how calm Tao Yuanming's attitude towards life is, and he doesn't worry about gains and losses.Picking chrysanthemums in Dongli is real, but what you see in Nanshan is not empty.I'm ashamed that I don't read much, and I can't understand Tao's poems that have been talked about for thousands of years. Has anyone mentioned these two lines of poems? "When there is a connection, although the things are different, the intentions are similar.It turns out that Yuanming said "Nanshan" because he thought of the four old assistants who lived in seclusion in Nanshan, and he didn't really see Nanshan!What is the proof?The time when the picture bricks were produced happened to be similar to the time when Yuan Ming wrote poems.

The reliefs on dozens of large square bricks found in this tomb, most of the artists admit that the artistic level of the relief effect is quite high, which can represent the artistic achievements of brick reliefs in this period.In fact, if we pay attention to it from the perspective of cultural relics, it can also enlighten us many questions and enrich our knowledge.In the history of music and dance, the style of the sheng played by Wang Zijin is different from that after the Tang and Song Dynasties, but it is somewhat similar to the modern Southwest Lusheng.Secondly, the Wenkang performance mentioned in Sui Music Records and the image of Wenkang dance described in the poems have a typical appearance on the brick carvings, which can be said to be the only image reflection.

The second part is a small record of cultural relics, section 15 "Shangshan Sihao" and "Seeing Nanshan leisurely" "Shangshan Sihao" and "Leisurely See Nanshan" Shen Congwen's posthumous works, the date of writing is unknown. According to historical records, the family of Liuhou: "...and Yan, set wine, and serve the prince. The four of them followed the prince, all over eighty years old, with fair beards and white eyebrows, and magnificent clothes. I was very strange and asked: "What is that person?" Four Everyone said their names and surnames, saying Dongyuan Gong, Mr. Li, Qili Ji, and Xiahuang Gong."

Preface to the biography of Wang Ji in the Han Dynasty: "Hanxing has Yuangong, Qili, Jixia, Huanggong, and Mr. Li. These four people, when the Qin Dynasty lived, avoided entering the deep mountains of Shangluo to wait for the order of the world. Since Gaozu heard about it Called, but not. Later, Empress Lu used the strategy of staying as a marquis, so that the crown prince humbled his speech and tied the silk to pay him a gift, and then greeted him with a car. When the four arrived, they met with the prince and respected him, and the prince was able to serve as a guest. Heavy, so use self-safety."

This is the origin of the so-called "Shangshan Sihao" allusion.In the past 2,000 years, there have been only four people who have been annotated scholars who are called Qili or Qiliji. Some disagree, but others have little disagreement.However, two newly unearthed cultural relics in the past half century called "Shangshan Sihao" as "Nanshan Sihao".The first one is a rectangular basket woven from bamboo strips obtained by the Japanese in the Han tombs excavated in Korea in the past. In addition to the stories of filial sons that have been popular since the Western Han Dynasty, the four corners of the basket are also painted with four Gao Shi, but next to him used the official script to read the four characters "Nanshan Sihao".The time when this bamboo basket was produced was roughly at the end of the Western Han Dynasty and the beginning of the Eastern Han Dynasty.It can be proved that the folk workers at that time called these four people "Nanshan Sihao".This Nan character is written in the same style as the Nan character in the wooden bamboo slips of the Western Regions.

We can suspect that this is just an isolated evidence, thinking that the workers in the Han Dynasty wrote sloppily and sloppily. Wrong, not enough as an example.But things are not unique in the world. In a large tomb of painted bricks from the Southern Dynasties unearthed in Dengxian County, Henan Province in recent years, we found some long square bricks with a size of one foot. One of them has a four-character inscription next to the embossed figure: "Nanshan Four Hao".The last time the lacquer basket was written in cursive official script, which is easy to be confused, but this time it is used in regular script, which is probably not wrong.This raises a new question for us. It turns out that the "Shangshan Sihao" in the historical biography was commonly known as the "Nanshan Sihao" in the Han Dynasty and the Six Dynasties.It can be seen that using cultural relics to prove history, some places can really inspire us a lot of new knowledge, at least it can provide some new materials, and the nature is quite solid and reliable.

This reminds us that for many years, when scholars discussed Tao poetry, they happily quoted "picking chrysanthemums under the eastern fence, and seeing Nanshan leisurely".Regarding the interpretation of these two lines of poems, most people think that these ten words show how calm Tao Yuanming's attitude towards life is, and he doesn't worry about gains and losses.Picking chrysanthemums in Dongli is real, but what you see in Nanshan is not empty.I'm ashamed that I don't read much, and I can't understand Tao's poems that have been talked about for thousands of years. Has anyone mentioned these two lines of poems? "When there is a connection, although the things are different, the intentions are similar.It turns out that Yuanming said "Nanshan" because he thought of the four old assistants who lived in seclusion in Nanshan, and he didn't really see Nanshan!What is the proof?The time when the picture bricks were produced happened to be similar to the time when Yuan Ming wrote poems.

The reliefs on dozens of large square bricks found in this tomb, most of the artists admit that the artistic level of the relief effect is quite high, which can represent the artistic achievements of brick reliefs in this period.In fact, if we pay attention to it from the perspective of cultural relics, it can also enlighten us many questions and enrich our knowledge.In the history of music and dance, the style of the sheng played by Wang Zijin is different from that after the Tang and Song Dynasties, but it is somewhat similar to the modern Southwest Lusheng.Secondly, the Wenkang performance mentioned in Sui Music Records and the image of Wenkang dance described in the poems have a typical appearance on the brick carvings, which can be said to be the only image reflection.