Chapter 40 2 Du Fu II

Du Fu later wrote a poem recalling: "The slutty Qi Zhaojian, Qiu Ma is quite mad." He is well-dressed, like a son of a bureaucrat.During this period, his father moved to Fengtian (Qianxian County, Shaanxi Province) as the county magistrate and continued to be his backer.The mountains and rivers of Qi and Zhao are majestic and the folk customs are rough. Du Fu also changed for this, riding horses, hunting and drinking.It is said that his drinking capacity is unusual, and his poems that directly describe drinking are not many, because Li Bai took the lead in such good poems.He wrote "The Song of the Eight Immortals in Drinking", which shows that he himself is an excellent alcoholic.A drinker and a drinker can only get three points into the woods.Li Bai is a swordsman and Du Fu is a shooter.His arrow skills are unusual, as evidenced by poems.The place where he hunted was in the Qingqiu area of ​​Yidu, Shandong, in the vast wilderness, where foxes and rabbits appeared.He and his friends galloped on horses, and when they were in high spirits, they bent their bows and shot at the moon.From winter to early summer, he lingered in Qingqiu for half a year, the excitement of hunting connected with the mystery and emptiness of the wild.Sometimes I sleep in the grass and wake up in the middle of the night, and the sky is full of stars as big as a bucket.

All these experiences constitute poetic elements.Lu You concluded that Kung Fu is outside poetry.A great poet, whose life is a whole, has nothing to regret. Du Fu climbed Mount Tai at the age of 25 and wrote the first masterpiece handed down in his life: How is Dai Zongfu?Qi Luqing is gone.The good fortune clock is beautiful, and the yin and yang are at dawn. Stratus clouds are born when the chest swings, and the canthus enters the returning bird.It will be the top of the mountain, and you can see all the small mountains. Poets of past dynasties wrote Mount Tai, and this poem is recognized as the first.Mount Tai stretches across Qilu, and there is no more appropriate and more comfortable word than this.The title of the poem "Wangyue", in ancient times, the mountain was so high that the respected people called it Yue, and Mount Tai was one of the five mountains.Jue canthus: Cracking the eye sockets, describing the tendency of returning birds flying.

Poems are not intelligible, but annotations are necessary.The "Selected Poems of Du Fu" annotated by Shandong University in my hand is led by famous writers such as Feng Yuanjun and Xiao Difei. The annotations are very precise, and reading it repeatedly is like drinking good tea. In the next few years, Du Fu was still roaming in Qi and Zhao, and the chronology was blank. During the two roamings, seven or eight years, the details of Du Fu's life are difficult to guess.Just like archaeological work, you have to be busy for a while with one claw and half scale, and you have to use your imagination.In recent years, Du Fu's literary history has generally been summarized as "Qiu Ma Qingmao", which is also quite good.There is no need to be critical.Let the great poet live a good life, and let us, the beneficiaries of great art, take comfort in him.What's more, if there are no good days, how can there be bad days?If Du Fu was born in chaos, he would feel that the world is like this.Without a sense of happiness in life, the sensitivity to suffering will be greatly reduced.

From the age of twenty to twenty-nine, Du Fu roamed freely, young people full of vigor, feeling the prosperity of the empire: Recalling the heyday of Kaiyuan in the past, there are still thousands of houses in Xiaoyi. The rice is fat and the corn is white, and the public and private warehouses are full of fruit. There are no jackals and tigers on the roads of Kyushu, and the sunrise will not be auspicious when traveling far. Qiwan, Luxuan, and the trains are in frequent shifts, and men and women who farm and mulberry do not lose each other. At that time, Shandong's silk was number one in the world.Merchants are always on the road, and poets travel far at will.Jackals and tigers refer to both wild animals and villains who cut paths.The national law and order situation is good.Men are happy to farm, women plant mulberry and raise silkworms. The home is a complete home. There is no sudden urbanization that makes a large number of farmers leave in a hurry year after year.

Judging from this poem, the young Du Fu's state of mind is very sunny. The heavy shadow of the empire has not yet entered his field of vision.Before entering the official career, he didn't know many things. In the past ten years, Du Fu has probably had women around him, and it is unlikely that he is a virgin.In the Tang Dynasty, there were many prostitutes with high quality, and the piano, chess, poetry and painting were the means of competition.What would Du Fu do if he met a confidante?Presumably, he won't bring it home: marriage requires the orders of the parents and the words of the matchmaker.It is impossible for Du Fu to decide who Li Bai marries.

Du Fu returned to his hometown at the age of twenty-nine to get married. His wife's surname was Yang. Yang didn't know what.Her father's name has been handed down backwards: Yang Yi, the official residence of Si Nong Shaoqing, the deputy in charge of money and food in the local government.Zhengqing is the official post.Due to two factors, Yang Yi's name has been handed down to this day: first, he is an official, and second, he is a man. Even in the Tang Dynasty, even Du Fu's wife, Yang, failed to reveal her full name to us. Du Fu set up his own family and opened several cave dwellings at the foot of Shouyang Mountain in the north of Luoyang.Yang gave birth to children for him, and the family life is full of warmth.The cave dwellings are warm in winter and cool in summer, and the layout is exquisite. Du Fu participated in the whole process of opening up the "earth chamber", including digging holes with a hoe.There is a spacious dam in front of the cave, where guests are entertained with wine, children are playing, and the wife is busy with a smile.Yang's age should be ten years younger than Du Fu's, right?She is also considered a lady of the family, we might as well speculate that she is beautiful, with fair and delicate skin, two long jade arms, and a head of thick black hair. ——"Scented mist and clouds, wet hair, clear radiance and jade arms are cold." The warm-hearted husband and the beautiful and virtuous wife each have the support of an official father, so they don't have to worry about daily expenses.This kind of life lasted for three years, and Du Fu's happiness can be imagined.In Chengdu and Kuizhou in his later years, he often wrote poems to reminisce.His aunt and stepmother passed away shortly after his marriage. He kept funeral arrangements for them and wrote sacrificial rites and epitaphs.In the Du family, he is undoubtedly the best in literary talent.For this reason, he was praised by his elders, respected by his peers, and admired by his juniors.He said proudly: "Poetry is my family business." It can be seen that writing poetry is an important content of family studies.The "Wangyue" written by him in Shandong has been circulated in Luoyang, and may have spread to Chang'an.

The tombs of the distant ancestor Du Yu and grandfather Du Shenyan are all at the foot of Shouyang Mountain. Du Fu is with the spirits of the glorious ancestors.The warm cave dwelling is also a spiritual home. I think Du Fu's life before and after marriage is important.But Mr. Feng Zhi didn't think it was important, and said in a critical tone: "He has returned to the atmosphere of a family of ethics, and life has no way to start." How is life unfolding?Did the Anshi Rebellion come early? As an individual life, happiness is always a good thing.In order to highlight Du Fu's suffering, his happiness should not be sidelined.Not only Feng Zhi, but many contemporary scholars also despise Du Fu's happy life.Doing so is actually thankless.Suffering is rooted in happiness, just as cool colors are born of warm colors.The gap in life brings the richness of feeling...

In the second year of Tianbao (743), the thirty-two-year-old Du Fu roamed around again.Having a family and no job, after all, he can't show his true qualities as a man.His father is old, and it is impossible to give him permanent support.He himself was in a hurry, and his will to seek an official became clear.He swam to Luoyang and stayed there for two years.The familiar city suddenly became unfamiliar. When he met Li Bai, he wrote a poem and complained: "Two years in Dongdu, I am tired of cleverness." This is a bit strange.Why did Du Fu complain about Luoyang? There are many dignitaries and dignitaries in Luoyang.Most of the dignitaries in Chang'an have mansions in Luoyang, because the emperor often goes to Luoyang.When there was a disaster year and the country's food crops were in short supply, the emperor brought his huge bureaucratic group to live in Luoyang and called himself the Son of Food.Luoyang extends in all directions, so there is no need to worry about material supplies.Scholars all over the world are looking forward to their future, Chang'an is the first choice, followed by Luoyang.Du Fu traveled for the third time, targeting Luoyang, and his motivation for seeking an official position seemed self-evident.The beautiful city of childhood and teenage years has changed all of a sudden.People have multiple faces, and so do cities.Du Fu ran away to the government with the little money his father gave him.He saw duplicity and intrigue.The normality of the officialdom shocked him.Disappointment and boredom ensue.It happened that Li Bai was passing Luoyang, and Du Fu paid him a visit. After making friends, he complained about Luoyang, the eastern capital.

At this time, Li Bai had just come out of the imperial court, known as Li Hanlin.Talented, well-known, carrying the gold bestowed by Emperor Xuanzong, walking with high eyesight.Thirty-four-year-old Du Fu followed Li Bai, who was forty-five, and he was inevitably a little nervous.He tried his best to understand Li Bai, eager to swim with Li Bai.According to common sense, although Li Bai was not very proud of being around the emperor, he had enough capital to show off among the people.However, Li Bai couldn't use common sense to deduce that this man with a short stature always looked upwards, beyond the Golden Luan Temple, towards the gods.Du Fu was young and of low quality, so he was attracted by Li Bai and couldn't help swimming with him.For scholars in the Tang Dynasty, it is not a trivial matter who travels with whom.If Du Fu had a little selfishness and hoped to become famous with Li Bai, it would be understandable.

Li Bai looked up to the gods, and Du Fu looked up to Li Bai.Wherever Li Bai went, Du Fu followed him, whether he went to collect Yao grass near Kaifeng, or crossed the Yellow River, went to Wangwu Mountain in Shanxi to find the famous Taoist Hua Gaijun, and heard the roar of wild animals instead of the roar of immortals.Hearing that Mr. Huagai had died, the two great poets almost wept with each other.Soon, Gao Shi joined in, and the three poets traveled together, riding horses and swords, to Songzhou (Shangqiu, Henan), where swordsmen haunted.Du Fu was very excited and wrote a poem in Li Bai's tone:

There are 90,000 houses in the city, and the high buildings illuminate the thoroughfare.The boat and the car are half a day, and the host and the guest are more entertaining. Hatred against injustice with a white blade, and poured gold with or without it.In the world of murderers, the reward lies in Sixu. The so-called Tongdu Dayi refers to cities like Songzhou, where the number of permanent residents plus floating population is huge.There is a constant flow of boats and cars, and there are all kinds of accents.What is surprising is the murderous intent in Du Fu's works.Li Bai boasted that he had killed people before, and his swordsmanship was amazing.Du Fu obviously viewed Song Zhou with Li Bai's eyes. Seeking immortality, murderous intent, fascination with Li Bai... At this time, Du Fu lost himself. This temporary loss is to gain a richer self.Individual life often hides such tricks, almost instinctively moving towards a higher form of life.Observing a group of children playing, and the young following the older ones, it is very obvious.All outstanding characters will go through the process of losing themselves.Therefore, outstanding people will conclude: threesomes must have my teacher; modesty makes people progress; In autumn, three men went hunting in a wetland called Mengzhu in Shan County, Shandong.Du Fu later lamented: "The frost is clear and the lake is cold, and the beasts have more sorrow." A few years later, Gao Shi joined the army and became a famous frontier poet. His hunting skills must not lose to Li Du. Li Bai has a poem "Autumn Hunting Mengzhu Night Return", which says: "The eagle is magnificent, the grass is white, and the fox and rabbit are fresh and fat." Du Fu mourns for the animals, but Li Bai only knows the delicious game in autumn.As night fell in the wilderness, the fire was set up to roast fox rabbits. Li Bai probably ate the leg meat, and his mouth was full of oil.Du Fu and Gao Shi respected him as the elder brother.He is also welcome, just take it and eat it.The moon rose high into the sky, and the smell of alcohol filled the air. Three men with very different voices got on their horses drunkenly, and galloped to Songzhou City with whips. Days like this, we can only envy.Judging from the current situation of human beings, it will be difficult to reproduce this scene in another 10,000 years.Twenty years ago I was still able to walk around in the woods with a gun on my back, but now, it is impossible. In terms of the tension of survival and the eruption of life, the ancients seemed to have more possibilities.It remains to be seen what technological progress and globalization will bring to mankind.Darwin said: Evolution itself means degeneration.Living life, radiant individuals, are indeed rare now.It may become less and less common in the future.The unified mode of life erases the differences... I am also saddened by this writing.I was in a cement house, writing about Li Bai and Du Fu in the vast marsh, and I cast my dim eyes on the raging fire.Perhaps the only thing to be thankful for is that I can still imagine a great life.In a few years, when man-made objects and the Internet further cover this poor planet, even imagination will lose its credence. At the beginning of the next year, Gao Shi took his leave first and traveled south of the Yangtze River. Li Bai and Du Fu traveled to Shandong and broke up in Qizhou (Jinan).Li Bai continued to look for the gods, but Du Fu was worried about his future.He turned to another man surnamed Li: Li Yong.This person was the prefect of Beihai (Shandong Yidu) at that time, and his reputation was higher than that of Li Bai.During the Tianbao period of Kaiyuan, Li Yong was one of the most famous figures in the country.He offended Wu Zetian when he was young, and now he is nearly seventy years old, with white hair and silver beard, and his voice is like a bell.His articles are well written, and his calligraphy is more famous than Zhang Xu and Yan Zhenqing.He knew hundreds of high-ranking officials and celebrities, and wrote inscriptions casually, embellishing them richly.He spent money like water and helped countless poor friends. Everywhere he went, it was said that he could cause a sensation.Li Bai also paid homage to him, wrote poems and complained.After meeting the emperor, Li Bai's interest in Li Yong faded.Li Bai wanders in search of the fairy trail, and Du Fu follows in his footsteps to visit Li Yong.Yong is read as Yong. Du Fu started to swim with Li Yong, from Qizhou City to Lixia Pavilion in Daming Lake, and climbed to Xinting Pavilion opposite Queshan Lake together.Li Yong was dozens of years older than Du Fu, not to mention his status and fame, but he looked up to Du Fu just because of one or two poems by Du Fu, roamed with him, and talked about poetry and papers.This alone shows that Li Yong's mentality is very young and he doesn't put on airs.This is the common feature of outstanding men both at home and abroad.In fact, it is not cost-effective to take a shelf, rigid, solidified, and old quickly. ——This is also a common feature of men who are good at showing off in ancient and modern China and abroad. Li Yong talked about wine and poetry, counting contemporary poets, from Cui Rong to Su Weiwei (Su Dongpo's ancestor), admiring Yang Jiong's vigor and criticizing Li Qiao's magnificence.Du Fu waited nervously.Li Yong finally mentioned Du Fu's grandfather Du Shenyan, saying that Du Shenyan was good, with a vigorous and elegant style.Du Fu's hairs stood on end when he heard it, he avoided the table, stepped forward, and thanked him. This period of travel helped Du Fu strengthen his consciousness as a poet. In the early years of Tianbao, Du Fu traveled from Erli, which lasted for more than a year.The will to seek a job and the poet's role awareness grow simultaneously.The two are mixed together again, inseparable from each other, and the victim and the great poet are about to appear.This is almost obvious at a glance, and the strange thing is that there are few articles involving Du Fu that think about it at this level. In the autumn of the fourth year of Tianbao (745), Du Fu and Li Bai met again in Shandong, and together they went to Gunzhou to look for Taoists and hermits.Du Fu is still a younger brother and admirer, but his self-confidence has increased.He wrote "To Li Bai", expressing another feeling: Autumn came to care about Shang Piaopeng, but Ge Hong was ashamed of the cinnabar. Drinking and singing wildly, who is the hero? Li Bai made alchemy, and Du Fu also made alchemy.Reunion after farewell, alchemy is an important topic.Du Fu claimed to be ashamed of Ge Hong, the patriarch of alchemy, and meant to quit from now on, and he also advised Li Bai.Du Fu did not agree with Li Bai's arrogant attitude of life.Flying and domineering, here refers to wild and uninhibited, without derogatory meaning. The two bid farewell in Shandong, and they have been separated from each other since then. Time shows Li Bai's weight.There are many figures in the prosperous Tang Dynasty, like Li Yong, who is even more first-rate, but Du Fu misses Li Bai far more than Li Yong.After all, Li Yong is a member of the officialdom and enjoys a high reputation, but this reputation has many additional components.Du Fu's memory of Li Bai is an outstanding individual who is instinctively attracted by another outstanding individual, which is the highest praise of life to life. Li Bai presented a poem, "Send Du Erfu at the East Shimen of Lu County", which said: "The flying pengs are far away from each other, and all the cups in their hands." Du Fu is the second child, so he is called Du Erfu.Li Bai is called Li Twelve.In his collection of poems, there is someone named Thirty-Six, probably born to his concubine.One can imagine the lively scene of a big and prosperous family.Li Bai is a lone goose far away from the family, while Du Fu has the mission of the family. It doesn't matter whether Li Bai misses Du Fu roughly equally.It is not necessary to make Li and Du's friendship into two-way equivalence. Du Fu's next goal in life is to focus on the capital city of Chang'an.