Chapter 34 Chapter 6 Famous springs and good water in the world-2

5. Stone spring water in Huishan Temple in Wuxi - the second spring in the world Take the small group of moon in the sky alone to try the second spring in the world - Sushi Huishan Temple, which is located in Xihui Park at the foot of Huishan Mountain in the western suburbs of Wuxi City, Jiangsu Province.Huishan. One Huishan Mountain, also known as Huiquan Mountain, is called Jiulong Mountain because there are nine mountain ridges in Huishan Mountain, which circle and undulate like flying dragons.Su Shi of the Song Dynasty wrote a poem saying: "The stone road lingers back to the Jiulong Ridge, and the light of the water turns the five lakes and the sky." Huishan is known as "the first mountain in the south of the Yangtze River".

Huishan Mountain in Wuxi is famous all over the world for its famous spring and beautiful water.The most famous one is "the second spring in the world".There are three spring pools in this spring. The entrance is the lower pool of the spring, which was excavated in the Song Dynasty. The spring water flows down from the hidden hole above, and spits out from the dragon's mouth into the lower pool.Above is Yilan Hall, which was built in the Song Dynasty.In front of the hall is the Guanyin Stone of the South China Sea, which was moved from the villa of Gu Kexue, Minister of Rites of the Ming Dynasty, during the Qianlong period of the Qing Dynasty. Behind the hall is the famous "Erquan Pavilion".There are two spring pools in the pavilion and in front of the pavilion. According to legend, they were dug by Wuxi county magistrate Jingcheng in 779 at the end of the Tang Dynasty. They are divided into upper pool and middle pool.The octagonal shape of the upper pool has the best water quality; the irregular square shape of the middle pool is leached from the Ruobing Cave. It is said that this cave and the stone spring were discovered by the monk Ruobing in the Tang Dynasty when he was looking for water, so it is also called "Bingquan". ".

On the screen walls of Erquan Pavilion and Yilan Hall, there are five large-character stone carvings inscribed by Zhao Mengyu, a calligrapher of the Yuan Dynasty, and Wang Shu, a calligrapher of the Qing Dynasty, respectively. This clear, green and sweet Huishan Temple spring water has been closely linked with the tea tasting spring water from the beginning of its excavation.Before or during the excavation of the second spring pool of Huishan Temple, Lu Yu, a tea master in the Tang Dynasty, was visiting the tea areas of the Great Wall on the shore of Taihu Lake, which is now Guzhu Mountain in Changxing County, Zhejiang Province, and Yixing, which is now Tanggong Mountain in Yixing City, Jiangsu Province. The second time I went to Wuxi, I visited Huishan and wrote "Huishan Temple Records".

Huishan Spring, since Lu Yupin became the "Second Spring in the World", has passed thousands of years and its reputation has never faded.Throughout the ages, this clear spring has been favored by many emperors, generals, poets and literati, and all of them enjoy the water of the second spring.In the Tang Dynasty, Zhang Youxin also came to Huishan to appraise the water of the second spring, following in Lu Yu's footsteps.Before that, Liu Bochu, a spring connoisseur in the Tang Dynasty, also rated Huishan Spring as "the second spring in the world".During the 841-846 years of Emperor Wuzong Huichang, Prime Minister Li Deyu lived in Chang'an, the capital city, and liked to drink the water from the Erquan.Pi Rixiu, a poet of the Tang Dynasty, said in a poem:

When the prime minister often wanted to cook tea, it was too late for the county marquis to urge it; Wu Guan went to the country for three thousand miles, and Mo laughed at Concubine Yang's love for lychees. During the reign of Emperor Huizong of Song Dynasty, Erquan was also listed as a tribute and sent to Bianliang, Tokyo on time and in quantity. Both Emperor Kangxi and Emperor Qianlong of the Qing Dynasty visited Huishan and tasted the water from the second spring. As for the literati and scholars of the past dynasties, there are countless people who wrote poems and songs for Erquan.For example, Huang Furan, a poet of the Tang Dynasty who was Wuxi Wei at that time, said in "The Song of Flowing Springs in Wuxi Huishan Temple": "There are springs in the temple, and the springs are in the mountains, and the sound of gold and jade is long and murmuring. It is a mirror in the temple, and the rocks and flowers come to the world. Come to tie the knot, the end of the autumn, I am tired of the official and forget the old tour, and I will go back late, and my heart is only for the spiritual spring." In the poems about tea and spring, Su Shi, a writer of the Northern Song Dynasty, should be the first to be promoted. , when he was the general judge in Hangzhou, he came to Wuxi between November 1073, the sixth year of Song Shenzong Xining and May 1074, the seventh year. The romantic poem "Take the small moon in the sky alone, and come to try the second spring in the world", but it has a unique spring charm. The poet seems to compare that he has become a fairy, carrying the bright moon, flying from outside the sky, and Huishan Qian The Taoists shared the second spring of the world, which is famous even for the vast sky.This is really the swan song in the rhetoric of chanting tea and tasting spring.Therefore, it has been praised by tea masters and poets of all dynasties, and it has also been rewritten into couplets at tea pavilions in some places of interest to attract tourists.

[Notes] ①Wang Shu 1668-1743: Word Ruolin, first name Ruoshuang, also self-written as Ruolin, named Xuzhou, tasted self-written Erquan Yuke, nicknamed Zhuyun.A native of Jintan, Jiangsu, he moved back to Wuxi.In the fifty-first year of Kangxi in the Qing Dynasty, he was a Jinshi in 1712, and he was a member of the Ministry of Officials.Calligraphy was unrivaled for a while and became famous all over the world.There are "Yu Gong Pu", "Zhu Cheng's Ge Wu Fa", "Zhu Zi's Reading Method", "Chunhua Ge Tie Textual Research" and other books handed down from generation to generation.

② Daoren Qian: the Taoist of Huishan Temple, the younger brother of An Dao.The poet has a poem "to Xiuzhou to give money to Andao and to his younger brother Huishan Lao". ③Xiaotuanyue: It refers to Xiaolongtuan tea.It is made of sparrow tongue ice buds and is very precious. It was first created in the late Tang Dynasty and prevailed in the Song Dynasty. It has always been a tribute to the royal family. 6. Hangzhou Hupao Spring—the third spring in the world. The mountain is connected to Sanzhu in the north. ①The sound of the spring comes from Wuyun in the west. ②——Zhang Yining. In the side courtyard of Pao Temple, about 5 kilometers away from the urban area.There is also an interesting myth and legend about the origin of the Hupao Spring.According to legend, the eminent monk Huanzhong, also known as Xingkong, came here in 819, the 14th year of Tang Yuanhe. He liked the beautiful scenery here, so he stayed here.later.As there is no water source nearby, he plans to move elsewhere.One night, he suddenly dreamed that a man of God told him: "There is a Tongzi Spring in Nanyue, and you should send two tigers to move it here." The next day, he saw the two tigers digging the ground to make a hole, and the clear spring water gushed out immediately. , so it is called Hupao Spring.In Zhang Yining's title spring couplet, he also cast a layer of religion and mystery on Hupao Spring.

It turns out that the Hupao spring seeps from the sandstone and quartz sand under the steep fault wall behind Daci Mountain. According to the measured flow rate, it is 43.2-86.4 cubic meters per day.The spring is crystal clear and sweet, ranking first among the springs in the West Lake, and together with Longjing Spring, it is also known as "the third spring in the world". There were originally three wells in Hupao Spring, which were later combined into two pools.On the stone bed in the stone niche by the spring of the main pool, Huanzhong is sleeping on his side with his head resting on his right forearm, with a quiet and benevolent demeanor. The transcendent state of not knowing the spring in the quiet world is quite like a couplet in a temple:

The dream is familiar with the five-watch day, and the few bells can't be broken. At the same time, two lifelike tigers are walking from the right side of the stone niche to the sleeping eminent monk. The image is also very vivid and true.This group of relief sculptures of "Dream Tiger Picture" embodies the gods to entrust dreams to the world, and send fairy boys to transform into two tigers to move to the Qingquan of Nanyue Mountain. "The tiger moved the eye of the spring to the boy of Nanyue; the true source has been left behind for hundreds of millions of kalpas."——This couplet of Hupao Temple is also written in this mythical story, but it has more Buddhist meaning.

"Longjing tea and tiger running water" is known as the best of the West Lake.Throughout the ages, people who have traveled to Hangzhou have always enjoyed tasting the West Lake Longjing tea brewed with the water from Hupao Ganquan.Poets of past dynasties have left many poems praising Hupao Spring.For example, Su Dongpo said: "The Taoist does not hesitate to use the water before the steps, and borrows it from Pao Zun ⑤ to repay it freely." Qing Dynasty poet Huang Jingren 1749-1783 said in the poem "Hupao Spring": "Where does the water come from? How many miles away is the Nanyue Mountain. The dragon and the elephant rejoiced ⑥, and heaven and man rejoiced together.” According to the legend, the poet said that the Hupao spring was transported from Hengshan Mountain in Nanyue by a fairy boy who transformed into a tiger. Cheers and praise.He also praised the meritorious deeds of eminent monks who open mountains and draw springs to benefit the common people.

In recent years, with the rapid development of reform and opening up, the booming tourism industry has also promoted the vigorous development of Hangzhou's tea culture.Hangzhou is preparing to build a large-scale tea museum, so as to promote the excellent tea culture heritage of the Chinese nation, popularize tea science knowledge, and promote the exchange of tea culture between China and foreign countries.Today, a number of teahouses have been restored or newly built in Hupao, Longjing, Yuquan, Wushan and other places in the West Lake Scenic Area.Many tea lovers in Hangzhou often go to famous springs such as Hupao by car or bicycle every morning to get spring water, use it to make tea for guests, or drink and taste it by themselves, in order to enjoy Taoran's happiness. In view of the increasing number of people tasting the spring, the Hangzhou press once called for proper control of the daily water intake in order to protect the natural water volume of the ancient spring and its long-renowned refreshing sweetness. [Note] ① Sanzhu: Refers to the three Zhus above, middle and below Lingyin Mountain in Hangzhou. ② Wuyun: refers to Wuyun Mountain.In the southwest of Hangzhou West Lake, it is on the verge of Qiantang River.According to legend, in ancient times, there were colorful auspicious clouds hovering over the top of the mountain, hence the name.The ancients had a saying: "Shi Dengqianpan Yibitian. Five clouds reflect five peaks. " ③ Zhang Yining: The year of birth and death is unknown.People from Gutian, Fujian.At the end of the Yuan Dynasty, Zeng Guan, a Hanlin scholar, accepted the decree, and at the beginning of the Ming Dynasty, he was called to serve as a bachelor. ④ Nanyue: Mount Heng in Hunan.It was called "Nanyue" in ancient times.It is one of the famous Five Sacred Mountains in my country. In the central part of Hunan, there are majestic mountains with hundreds of miles of pan and seventy-two peaks. The five peaks of Zhurong, Tianzhu, Furong, Zigai and Shilin are the most prominent. ⑤ Pao Zun: It is an ancient drinking and drinking vessel. "Shuowen Baobu" notes: "Gourd belongs to Cucurbitaceae, and its scientific name is the same as gourd. The lid is the same species as gourd, but it is slightly changed.": "The handle of gourd is big and round, and the one with a partial shape is gourd." As the saying goes: gourds and ladles without handles are called gourds, and those with handles are called gourds. The allusion of "Pao Zun" comes from "Poetry Taiga Gongliu".Gong Liu was the ancestor of the Zhou tribe in ancient times. When he built the capital and palace, and held a celebration feast for the guests and ministers, he used "pao" as a wine utensil to celebrate and drink together, which is called "drinking with Pao". ⑥Dragon elephant: Buddhist language.Among the Arhats, those who practice bravery and have the greatest strength are called dragon elephants. The dragon has the greatest power when traveling in water, and the elephant has the greatest power when traveling on land, so the dragon and elephant are used as a metaphor.Later, he was named an eminent monk.Yitieran: It means unanimously convinced and converted to Buddhism.These two sentences are to praise the eminent monk Huanzhong who came to Daci Mountain to build a temple to preach scriptures, opened mountains and opened springs, and won the trust of his disciples. 7. Longjing Spring in Hangzhou - the third spring in the world, the famous lake with beautiful emerald greens, and frequent visits to the river where the ancient wells are full, and the pleasure is at the same time as picking tea - Qianlong Longjing Spring, in Fenghuangling, west of West Lake, Hangzhou City, Zhejiang Province Above, it is an exposed karst spring.The real name is Longhong, also known as Longqiu. It is named after the well and the village after the well.Longjing Village is one of the five production areas of the world-renowned West Lake Longjing tea.Longhong Qingquan has a long history. According to legend, it was discovered in the period of 238-250 during the Chiwu period of the Eastern Wu of the Three Kingdoms. The spring never dries up due to severe drought. The ancients believed that it was connected to the sea and that a dragon lived there, so it was named Longjing.It is also known as "the third spring in the world".Next to Longjing Spring is Longjing Temple, which was built in 949, the seventh year of Baoda in the Southern Tang Dynasty.There are also scenic spots such as Shenyun Stone, Dixin Swamp, and a cloud around.Nearby, there are stone carvings such as Longjing, Xiaocanglang, Longjing Test Tea, Birds Singing and Springs surrounding the half-moon-shaped well spring. Longjing spring water comes from the rocks. The water tastes sweet and mellow, and it is endless all the year round. It is as clear as a mirror, and the cold green is abnormal. If you take a small stick and gently stir the well water, there will be a water divider swirling from the outside to the inside on the water surface. Line, everyone who sees it is surprised.It is said that this is due to the difference in specific gravity and flow rate between the existing spring water in the spring pool and the newly poured spring water, but it is also believed that it is caused by the high surface tension of Longquan water. To the west of Longjing is Longjing Village, full of tea gardens, rich in West Lake Longjing. It is famous all over the world for its "four wonders" of emerald green color, rich fragrance, mellow taste and beautiful shape.Throughout the ages, many celebrities and scholars have come to Longjing to travel, drink tea and taste springs, leaving many beautiful poems admiring Longjing spring tea. Su Dongpo once praised the mountain spring of Longjing with a poem that "people say that the mountains are beautiful and the water is also beautiful, and there is an eternal Jiaolongtan below".The tea produced in the West Lake of Hangzhou, from the Tang Dynasty to the Yuan Dynasty, Longjing Spring tea became more and more famous.Yuji of the Yuan Dynasty praised the Longjing tea ceremony in his poem Youlongjing: "After cooking and frying the golden buds, after not taking the grain rain, two or three sons come together, and they can't bear to rinse after three swallows." Tian Yiheng of the Ming Dynasty spoke highly of Longjing tea: " Of all the springs in Wulin today, Longhong is the only one of the highest quality, and Longhong Mountain is the most famous tea. And above it is Laolonghong, which is twice as cold and green, and the tea produced here is the best in the north and south." Emperor Qianlong of the Qing Dynasty visited the south of the Yangtze River several times. When he came to Hangzhou, he went to Longjing more than once to cook tea and drink springs. Frequently come to the place where the stream is; the ancient well is plump, and the joy is just at the time of picking tea." The couplets of these poems and words by celebrities in the past have added infinite charm to the Longjing spring tea by the West Lake, and it has become more and more yearning for tourists. 8. Stone spring water at Huqiu Temple in Suzhou—the third spring in the world—Yan Pagoda shadow mark Xiaohan Biao Whale bells crossing between stone springs—Anonymous Suzhou Huqiu, also known as Haiyong Mountain.It is located in Shantang Street, northwest of Changmenwai, Suzhou City, Jiangsu Province, about 3.5 kilometers away from the city.In the late Spring and Autumn Period, Fu Chai, king of Wu, buried his father Helu here.According to legend, three days after the burial, a white tiger squatted on it, hence the name Tiger Hill.One said that "Qiu is like a crouching tiger. It is named after its shape." In the Eastern Jin Dynasty, Situ Wang Xun① and younger brother Wang Min② built a villa here. Later, the Wang brothers changed it into a temple, named Huqiu Temple, and divided it into two temples; In the Tang Dynasty, the name of the grandfather Li Hu and Li Yuan was avoided because of the taboo.It was renamed Wuqiu Baoen Temple.During the Huichang period of Wuzong, the temple was destroyed, and when it was moved to the top of the mountain for reconstruction, the two temples were combined into one temple.Since then, the monastery has been rebuilt and changed its name many times. Its scale is magnificent, with Lingong pagodas, double buildings and flying pavilions. It was once listed as one of the "Five Mountains and Ten Temples".The ancients used the poem "the pagoda goes out from the forest, and the mountain hides in the temple" to describe the scenery of Tiger Hill.Suzhou Tiger Hill is not only famous for its beautiful scenery, but also for its world-renowned springs and water. According to the records of "Suzhou Fuzhi", Lu Yu, the tea sage, lived in Huqiu, Suzhou for a long time from about the ninth year of Zhenyuan to the 17th and 18th years of Emperor Zhenyuan in his later years.While continuing to write books, he studies tea science and the influence of water quality on tea drinking.He found that the spring of Huqiu mountain was sweet and delicious, so he dug and built a stone well on Huqiu mountain, called "Lu Yujing", also known as "Lu Yuquan", and named it "the fifth spring in the world".According to legend, when the emperor heard the news, he called Lu Yu into the palace and asked him to make tea.The emperor praised it greatly after drinking it, so he named him the "God of Tea".Lu Yu also cultivated Suzhou loose tea with Huqiu spring water, and summed up a set of tea planting and tea picking methods suitable for Suzhou's geographical environment.Thanks to Lu Yu's vigorous advocacy, "Suzhou people have become a custom of drinking tea, and the common people make a living, and growing tea is also a business." Because the water quality of Huqiu Spring is clear, sweet and delicious, after Lu Yu, it was named "the third spring in the world" by Liu Bochu, another spring expert in Tang Dynasty.So Huqiu Shijing Spring was passed down to the world as "the third spring in the world".So, where is the specific address of this famous spring in the world?Nowadays, some tourists who come to Suzhou Tiger Hill often fail to visit the site in person, and it is a pity that they can taste the beautiful and mellow ancient spring water. The "Huqiu Stone Spring", which has been famous all over the world for a long time, is to the north of "Lengxiang Pavilion" on the right side of the "Thousand People Stone", which is quite ancient and mysterious.Here is an ancient stone well with a mouth of about one zhang square, with stone walls on all sides and no stone bottom.This is the ancient stone spring dug by Lu Yu when he lived in Huqiu. In Lengxiang Pavilion, there is now a tea room. The windows here are bright and clean, very elegant, and it is a good place for tourists to take a break and drink tea. [Notes] ①Wang Xun 350-401: The character Yuan Lin, the small character Fa Hu.Langye and Linyi belong to Shandong people today.Calligrapher of Jin Dynasty.Received the title of Marquis of Dongting, the official to the general of Fuguo, Shang Shuling and so on.Wang Xun's expression is bright and enlightened, and his scriptures are clear; he is elegant and good at calligraphy, and he is good at cursive script.His writings include "Boyuan Tie" and "Sanyue Tie" handed down to the world. ②Wang Min 351-388: word Ji Suo, small character Seng Mi.Wang Xun's younger brother.Langye and Linyi belong to Shandong people today.Many talents, good at Li, Xing, and cursive scripts, and he is more famous than his elder brother Xun.Tired officials to Huangmen Shilang, Shizhong and so on.His handwriting can be seen in the second volume of "Chunhua Pavilion Fatie", which has two cursive scripts and two cursive scripts. 9. Pearl Spring in Jinan—the third spring in the world. Everyone says that this spring is so ashamed that I don’t have such clear water—Pearl Spring, a county magistrate, is located in the courtyard of Pearl Hotel, North Quancheng Road, Jinan City, Shandong Province.It is one of the four major spring groups of the Seventy-two Springs in Quancheng, and the head of the Pearl Spring Group.The spring gushes up from the ground, like a string of beads.The spring water converges into a pool, about one mu square, clear to the bottom. Wang Chang's "Pearl Spring" in the Qing Dynasty said: "The spring comes out of the sand, gathers and disperses, breaks and continues, rushes and slows, and the sun reflects it. The big ones are like pearls, and the small ones are like pearls, all from the bottom to the surface." This famous spring resort was once occupied by the government.After the founding of New China, it was refurbished, with small bridges and flowing water, shades of green willows, sparse flowers and trees, and elegant pavilions.There are Zhuoying, Xiaowangfu, Xiting, Nanfurong, Zhusha and other famous springs nearby, forming a group of pearl springs, all of which flow into Daming Lake.In the Qing Dynasty, Liu E① described Jinan's scenery of "every family springs, every household hangs down", which should be this area. Pearl spring water, clear and sweet, is the best water for cooking tea.When Emperor Qianlong of the Qing Dynasty appraised the world's famous springs and good water, he rated Siquan as the third spring in the world based on the standards of cleanness, cleanliness, sweetness and lightness.Measured by a special silver bucket, the weight of the bucket is one or two centimeters, which is only slightly heavier than the water from Yuquan in Beijing, which was rated as the number one spring in the world by Qianlong.Measured by the standard of Qianlong's quality springs, Pearl Spring is slightly better than the famous first spring in Jinshan of the Yangtze River and the second spring in Wuxi Huishan. Emperor Qianlong liked to brew tea with pearl spring water when he visited Shandong.For example, in the 20th year of Qianlong's 1756 decree: "I visited Zhejiang in the next spring, and used clear tea along the way. When I arrived in Shandong Province, the governor of the province prepared to use the pearl spring water." The literati of past dynasties have also chanted poems and couplets by the Pearl Spring.A county magistrate in Jinan praised the spring couplet and said: "Everyone says Siquan is good, but I am ashamed that the water is so clear." Yang Du, a man in the late Qing Dynasty and early Republic of China, wrote the couplet of Pearl Spring: Fountains spring up everywhere, and when they are clear, don't let the fine dust and dregs look at the abyss; look at the mountains from across the city, Qi Zhuang, a thousand Buddhas, and widely cast Dharma rain to benefit the common people. [Notes] ① Liu E 1857-1909: Zi Tieyun, don't sign Hongdu Bailiansheng.Jiangsu Dantu is now from Zhenjiang.Novelist in the late Qing Dynasty.To be famous in the world.The work exposes the darkness of bureaucratic politics in the late Qing Dynasty and the misery of the general public, as well as the scenery and folk customs of various places, with high artistic quality. ②Yang Du 1874-1931: Zijiu, born in Xiangtan, Hunan.He studied in Japan.In his early years, he advocated a constitutional monarchy, and later turned to revolution, and rescued Li Dazhao in many ways.In his later years, he moved to Shanghai. In the autumn of 1929, he joined the Communist Party of China.He has literary talent and is good at connecting languages. 10. Toad Stone Spring in Fanzi Mountain - the fourth spring in the world, chewing snow and drinking ice, it is suspected that you can forget the year by digging out pearls and jade - Luyou Hama Stone, in the east section of Xiling Gorge of the Yangtze River.25 kilometers away from the northwest of Yichang City, Hubei Province, east of Dengying Gorge, at the foot of Fanshan Mountain on the south bank of the Yangtze River, there is an oval-shaped boulder that stands out abruptly, looking like a toad with its mouth stretched out and its eyes bulging when viewed from the middle of the river. People call it Hama Stone, also known as Hama Bei. Hama Rock is located on the edge of Fanzi Gorge, which is dangerous and fast-flowing. Boaters who pass here are considered to be afraid of the road.Guo Xiangye wrote in "Hamobei": "Baigou Gorge, Huangniutan, the ancient people have been struggling with the difficulty of the road to Shu, squatting on the riverside on the Toad Rock, and it is even more difficult to pull a boat against the current. Jia Ke was terrified when he heard it." However, what is more famous than the Toad Rock that has squatted on the edge of the Yangtze River for thousands of years is the clear spring hidden behind it. There is a stone cave on the mountainside at the tail of the toad, and there is a clear spring in it. The cold water is poured between the back of the "toad" and the mouth and nose. Toad Spring".The stone in the spring cave is green in color, and the cave is deep and deep. The spring water accumulated in it forms a pool. The water color is clear and blue, and its taste is sweet. Lu Yu, a tea scientist in the Tang Dynasty, was in the late Tianbao period when he set foot in Bashan Shushui to visit tea tasting springs. He once came to taste Hamashi spring water.In his book "Cooking Tea", it can be found in Zhang Youxin's "Jianchashuiji" in the Tang Dynasty: "At the foot of Fanzi Mountain in Xiazhou, there is a stone that suddenly releases water, which is like a turtle. Since Lu Yu rated it as "the fourth spring in the world", this toad saliva has aroused great interest among tea drinkers, especially during the Northern Song Dynasty. Mountains, take a piece of toad spring water as fast, and left poems praising the spring water.For example, Ouyang Xiu, a litterateur and historian in the Northern Song Dynasty (1007-1072), praised in a poem: "The toad sprays the water curtain, and the sweet liquid is better than drinking alcohol." Toad Bee, try wrapping the spring buds and fry them.” The Northern Song Dynasty writers, calligraphers and essayists Su Shi (1037-1101) and Su Zhe (1039-1112) brothers both visited Hamabei to taste springs and write poems, admiring the cold, clear and mellow Hama spring water” It’s not just cooking tea well, but making wine is even more invincible.” Lu You, a patriotic poet in the Southern Song Dynasty from 1125 to 1210, was also a writer of springs. He wrote in the poem "Ha Mo Bei": Refusing to climb the sand ② beside the osmanthus tree, to eat ③ through the ages and go to the front of the rock. The first gorge in Badong gorge ④, the fourth spring in the world spring. Nibbling snow and drinking ice is suspicious of changing bones, digging out pearls and jade can forget the year. Qingyou laughs at himself, why is he not enough, beats the drum ⑤ Dongdong and releases the boat again. Lu You wrote this poem in Hamobei in October 1170, the sixth year of Qiandao in the Southern Song Dynasty.The poet wrote in "Entering Shu Ji": "On October 9th, I climbed Hamabei, which is the fourth spring recorded in "Shui Pin". Hamabei goes to the river and faces the river. There is a cave deep in the top, the color of the stone is emerald green. The spring is lingering, and it comes out of the cave, and the toad's mouth and nose form a water curtain into the river. It is extremely cold, and there is snow on the rocks, but the cave is as warm as spring." [Note] ①酎: Alcoholic wine that has been re-brewed for more than two times. ② Climbing the sand: Han Yu of the Tang Dynasty "Moon Eclipse Poems Effecting Yuchuan Zizuo": "I have heard the old saying, and I suspect that it is a toad spirit. If you climb the sand and have blunt hands and feet, who will make the girl get rid of Qingming." Osmanthus: refers to the Moon Palace The laurel tree in the middle.There is an ancient myth and legend in the Three Gorges of the Yangtze River: In ancient times, floods were rampant, and the Jade Emperor ordered Dayu to control the water in the lower realm, and sent a group of gods to help.Toad Jing, who took care of the laurel trees in the Moon Palace, took advantage of the Jade Emperor's drunken sleep, and quietly came to the Three Gorges to find Dayu and asked to participate in flood control to save the disaster-stricken people.This poem says that because the toad spirit refused to go back to the moon palace to take care of the osmanthus trees, it had to squat on the bank of the Yangtze River for thousands of years. ③To eat: Chewing the cheeks and chewing, the toad stone described by the poet is very vivid, lifelike, and interesting. For thousands of years, it has always shaken its mouth and nose, agitated its cheeks, as if it is always eating something, and is eager to try again want to jump into the Yangtze River. ④ The first gorge: refers to the fan mountain gorge.In the Song Dynasty, it was in Yiling County, Xiazhou. ⑤ Drumming sentence: At that time, the poet entered Shu, went upstream along the Three Gorges of the Yangtze River, and visited famous mountains and scenic spots along the way.Because it is a collective boat trip, the sound of Dongdong beating the drum is the ship owner's signal to the passengers to start the boat. 11. Lu Yuquan in Guangjiao Temple in Shangrao—the fourth spring in the world, a volume of scriptures ①, witnessing wisdom by the side of the Tiaoyu River ② Qianqiu sacrificial ceremony ③, playing gods in the wind of flag guns ④—anonymous Lu Yuquan, originally in Shangrao, Jiangxi In Guangjiao Temple, it is now the No. 1 Middle School of Shangrao City.Lu Yu, the god of tea in the Tang Dynasty, came to Shangrao, Xinzhou, from the shore of Taihu Lake in the south of the Yangtze River to live in seclusion in Dezong Zhenyuan 785-786.Soon after, a house was built in the northwest of the city, springs were dug, and tea gardens were planted.According to "Shangrao County Chronicles": "Lu Hongjian lived in Guangjiao Temple, Chashan, northwest of Fucheng ⑤. In the Tang Dynasty, Lu Yuchang lived here, and his name was Donggangzi. The governor Yao Ji lived here. The marsh was dug in the shape of a sea, and the stones were Songhua. The shape. The hermit Shen Hongqiao lived in it. "Pictures" Yu is addicted to tea, and there are several acres of tea gardens around him. A spoonful of Lu Yuquan is the Chashan Temple. " Because of this clear spring and sweet water quality, it was also rated as "the fourth spring in the world" by Lu Yupin.Meng Jiao, a Tang poet from 751 to 814, wrote in his poem titled Lu Hongjian Shangrao Xinkai Shanshe that "the pavilion is intended to store clouds, and the spring is obtained first by digging stones".Lu Yuquan has been excavated for more than 1,200 years, and there are many records in ancient books.Zhang Youyu of the Qing Dynasty wrote in "Records of Rebuilding Chashan Temple": "There is a mountain of tea standing on its feet a few miles north of Xinzhou City, and there is a spring at the foot of the mountain, which is white in color and sweet in taste. Mr. Lu Hongjian's hidden taste of Siquan is the fourth in the world, so he is named Lu Yuquan. "It was still intact until the early 1960s, but it was a pity that the spring vein was cut off when the hole was dug later. Today, the four seal characters inscribed by Duan Dacheng, the prefect of the late Qing Dynasty, are still preserved on the edge of this ancient well spring: "The source and flow are clean". As the only symbol of future generations pay homage to the monument. When Lu Yu was living in seclusion in Shangrao, he opened stones to draw springs and planted tea gardens, which had a profound and beautiful influence among the local monks, laymen and officials for generations.Chashan Temple and Lu Yuquan have become famous scenic spots in Shangrao in history, and many people wrote poems praising them. Liu Jingrong said in "Traveling Chashan Temple · Youyin": There is a spring in the Chashan Temple in the north of Xincheng, and the remains of Lu Yu are there.Yu Su read "The Classic of Tea" and knew that he was an outstanding talent in the world.Jingmu has been around for a long time, and now he has believed in the camp, so he can visit this place. Hongmeng ⑥ first judged that this mountain opened, and a sweet spring came from the ground. It is planted by a high-ranking scholar who is full of tea fragrance, and a few rows of emerald bamboo are planted by an old monk. Only now the bell is ringing at the temple, recalling the tripods and pans of the past. Hidden negative economics ⑧ people are not there, and the wind is often in Baiyunkua ⑨. Monk Wait Min said in "Poetry of Drinking Lu Yuquan in the Chashan Temple": Looking back at the Ming Dynasty in the clear mountains of Beikuo, Gao Xian ⑩ once opened up the hazel thorns. Yungen springs green after rainy days, Shixia HI pierces through forest and jade breaks. A scoop of osmanthus HJ cane house. Xiangfu Seven Bowls HK Drunk and Sober. Leisurely leads the interest of Donggang. I don't envy the Canglang and sing Zhuoying. HL Gong Xiuling of the Ming Dynasty recorded two of them in "Four Wonders of Mu Yu Tong Wu Ding Tao Si Li Touring Tea Mountain": The other is a spoonful of clear water, trickling like past and present. The empty mountain man is gone, but I want to see Pinquanxin. Third, I heard that Sang Zhuzi HM, Xiao San is not at home. Looking at the place where the chrysanthemum was planted, several trees once bloomed. Among the many praises of Lu Yu left by the ancients in Shangrao, there is nothing more than an anonymous author who wrote "Lu Yuquan Lian": "A volume of scriptures, the side of the Tiaoyu River proves wisdom; This pair of words not only contrasts the skill, but also summarizes the tea god Lu Yu's outstanding contribution to the cause of tea science and tea culture in China and the world, and is admired and worshiped by people from generation to generation. . [Notes] ①One volume of scriptures: refers to the three volumes of "The Classic of Tea" written by Lu Yu. ② Tiaoxi River: For details, please refer to the second chapter of this book, "The Tea Saint Lu Yushang" - "At the beginning of the Yuan Dynasty, he built a hut on the shore of Tiaoxi River".Huiye: A Buddhist term, meaning a career chosen with superhuman wisdom. ③Sacrifice ceremony: the etiquette and system of ancient sacrifices. "Guoyu Lu": "Fan, suburb, ancestor, clan, and newspaper, these five are the ceremonies of the country. In addition, the gods of the country, mountains and rivers, all have meritorious service to the people. And the former philosophers and virtues, So it’s called Mingzhi.” ④ Flag Gun: Tea name, generally refers to high-quality fine tea.In the early spring, the buds have just sprouted, one bud and one leaf, the one that develops is called a flag, and the one that does not develop is called a gun, which means that tea is the most tender.God: Lu Yu was worshiped as the "God of Tea" after his death. ⑤Guangjiao Temple: According to the 25th "Temple Guanzhi" of "Shangrao County Chronicles", Guangjiao Temple is also known as Chashan Temple, which was built in 904-907 during the reign of Emperor Ai Tianyou in the late Tang Dynasty.This is a hundred years after Lu Yu passed away. ⑥ Hongmeng: refers to the chaotic state before the formation of the universe. : "Since Pangu broke the majesty, he opened up the distinction between clear and turbid." ⑦ Ding Dang: Ding is a tripod-shaped stove for frying tea, which was first created by Lu Yu; Dang is a pot and kettle warmer.This generally refers to the utensils used for sencha. ⑧Jinglun: Arranging silk strands, sorting out silk threads is called warp, and weaving them into ropes is called Jinglun, collectively referred to as Jinglun Lun". 9 Kuma [wei]: The curved place of mountains and rivers. "Guanzi · Situation": "The kuma of the mountain is deep." Note, Kuma, mountain song also. 10 Gao Xian: Refers to Lu Yu. HI Shixia [xia]: The crevice of the stone, which is a stone channel for guiding spring water. HJ tree hangs a ladle: The ancient hermit Xu You lived alone in the mountains, and he was given a ladle to drink water.After drinking, he hung the gourd on the branch.Later, people called the temporary stay in one place by the monks who traveled all over the world as hanging ladle. Seven bowls of HK: There is a famous sentence of seven bowls in the poem "Xie Meng Advises Sending New Tea" by Tang poet Lu Tong. HL Canglang: The name of the water, which is an alias for Hanshui.Because Lu Yu was in a place called "Canglang", he was called by the county officials to be a teacher of Lingzheng, so he met Li Qiwu, the prefect of Jingling, and taught him poetry and books, so he became an official.Therefore, people in Jianghu often refer to Lu Yu as "The Prodigal Son".Zhuoying: washing crown tassels.It is also a metaphor for a gentleman who is detached from the world and has a high integrity. HM Sang Zhuzi: Lu Yu called himself "Sang Zhu Weng" when he lived in seclusion in Wuxing Tiaoxi at the beginning of the Tang Dynasty, and he was a farmer who grew hemp and raised silkworms.