Chapter 19 7. Pressed tea

Pressed tea is a brick-shaped or other-shaped tea that is processed through typical processes such as stacking, steaming, and pressing, using black mao tea, old green tea, Zhuang tea and other suitable mao tea as raw materials.Because the bulk of this type of tea is mainly sold to border minority areas and has become a daily necessities of all ethnic groups in the border areas, it is customary to call it border sales tea in business.There are many varieties, and the raw materials and processing methods are also different.The raw materials used in most varieties are relatively coarse and old.The color of dry tea is dark brown, and the color of soup is clear yellow or bright red.Among them, Liubao tea, Pu'er tea, Tuo tea and other varieties of color and color not only have unique flavor, but also have the effect of losing weight and beautifying.

Pressed tea can be divided into sub-categories such as "wet billet pushing for coloring", "dry billet for coloring" and "finished tea for coloring" according to different methods of accumulation and coloring.my country's pressed tea production areas are relatively concentrated, mainly in Hunan, Hubei, Sichuan, Yunnan, Guizhou and other provinces.Among them, fuzhuan, black brick and patterned brick tea are mainly produced in Hunan; blue and white bricks are mainly produced in Hubei; Kangzhuan and Jinjian are mainly produced in Sichuan and Guizhou; tight Puer tea is mainly produced in Yunnan; .

The autoclaving method in the processing of pressed tea is similar to the practice of steaming green cake tea in ancient my country.The production of compressed tea has a long history. Around the 11th century, tea merchants in Sichuan steamed and pressed green tea into cakes, which were shipped to Northwest China and other places.By the end of the nineteenth century, black brick tea from Hunan and green brick tea from Hubei came out one after another.The unique quality characteristics of pressed tea are that, in addition to its strong digestion and greasy properties, which are suitable for the special cooking and drinking methods of ethnic minorities in various places, it has strong moisture-proof performance and is convenient for transportation and storage.Due to the inconvenient transportation in most tea-producing areas in the past, tea was transported by shoulders and horses, which easily absorbed water during long-distance transportation. After pressing, pressed tea is relatively compact and firm, which enhances the moisture-proof performance and is convenient for transportation and storage. .And some pressed teas can also enhance the mellow tea flavor due to the effect of moisture and humidity during long-term storage.So until now, the compressed tea produced by processing various teas is not only a necessity in the daily life of the brothers and nations in China, and there is a large demand, but also has a certain amount of sales in the international market.

1.Qizi Cake Tea Qizi Cake Tea, also known as round tea, is processed and pressed into a round cake shape, and every 7 pieces are packed into a tube, hence the name.Produced by Menghai Tea Factory in Menghai County, Xishuangbanna Dai Autonomous Prefecture, Yunnan Province.Using Pu'er loose tea as raw material, it is made through screening, sorting, high-temperature sterilization, autoclaving and other processes. The finished product is in the shape of a round cake with a diameter of 21 centimeters, a slightly convex top, a center thickness of 2 centimeters, and a slightly thinner edge of 1 centimeter. The bottom is flat and there is a small depression in the center. Each cake weighs 357 grams. After being packaged in white tissue paper, every 7 pieces are packed into a tube with bamboo shoot leaves. It is antique and suitable for carrying and long-term storage.Export tea cakes are also packaged in simple and elegant cartons, one piece per box.

Qizibing tea has a long history of production, which was recorded before 1000 AD, and has always been used as a gift.Its shape is tight and regular, with moderate elasticity and even sprinkling surface. After brewing, the water extract is nearly 40%.In July 1983 and September 1987, the tea was rated as a high-quality product by the Ministry of Commerce twice; in December 1983, it was awarded the title of provincial excellent product; in January 1988, it was awarded the provincial high-quality food award; in November 1988, it was awarded the national high-quality Health food "Golden Crane Cup" award; in December 1988, it won the silver award of the first China Food Expo. In 1970, it began to export to Hong Kong and Macao.

2.Yunnan Tuocha Yunnan Tuocha is a high-grade tight tea exclusively created by Xiaguan Tea Factory in Yunnan Province. It used to use the registered trademark of "China Tea Brand", but since January 1993, it has changed to the registered trademark of "Songhe Brand". Yunnan Tuocha is a gorgeous and exotic flower in Chinese tea gardens. It is rooted in the land of China and was first created in Xiaguan, Yunnan. It has a history of more than 90 years since it was launched. As early as 1902, tea companies such as "Fuchunhe" in Xiaguan began to develop Tuocha based on a kind of tea called "Tuancha". In 1917, it was successfully finalized.Because the Yunnan people are used to calling lumpy objects "tuo", they initially named it "tuocha".This kind of "Tuocha" produced by Xiaguan Tea Factory was sold to "Xufu" in Sichuan, which is now Yibin area, and it tastes very good when brewed with the local Tuojiang River water.The perfect combination of Tuojiang water and Xiaguan tea, the famous tea and good water, has doubled the reputation of "Tuocha". Over time, "Tuocha" has gradually evolved into "Tuocha".

up. Yunnan Tuocha is a compressed tea made from high-quality large-leaved Yunnan tea as raw material and refined by scientific methods. It is divided into two varieties for domestic sales and export sales.Due to different material selection and processing methods, there are obvious differences in the color, aroma, soup color, taste and benefit of the finished tea. Yunnan Tuocha is sold domestically. It has a tightly knotted shape, dark and moist color, pekoe is exposed, the soup is bright yellow and bright, the aroma is pure and clean, the taste is mellow and sweet, the bottom of the leaves is tender and even, and it is durable. It is sold in 23 provinces and cities across the country. In 1991 It began to export in batches and was well received by consumers at home and abroad.

Yunnan Tuocha Grade A produced by Xiaguan Tea Factory in Yunnan Province won the title of High-quality Product in Yunnan Province three times in 1979, 1984 and 1987; won the National Silver Medal in 1981, 1985 and 1990; Famous tea. Yunnan Tuocha is exported, and it used to be called "Pu'er Tuocha".This tea is different from black tea, but also green tea. It is a kind of warm tea. Its products are mainly exported to more than ten countries and regions such as Hong Kong, Macao, Europe and the United States. Yunnan Tuocha is not only a superior natural drink among teas, but also has unique medical efficacy.According to Hong Kong's "Sing Pao": The clinical trials of the French National Institute of Health and Medical Research have proved that drinking Tuocha regularly can promote the body's fat metabolism, balance and control cholesterol. People with excessive blood fat drink three bowls of Yunnan Tuocha every day. The blood fat of the patients was reduced by almost a quarter; in contrast, the blood fat of the patients who drank the same amount and other tea products did not change.Due to the unique quality and medical effects of this tea, it is very popular in the international market. It has won many awards in the international high-quality food exhibition competition: in 1986, 1987, and 1993, it won the "World Food Golden Crown Award" three times; The title of high-quality products in Yunnan Province; in 1987, it was awarded the title of high-quality products by the Ministry of Commerce, and in 1988 it won the gold medal of the first China Food Expo.

3.Yunnan border marketing tea Yunnan border marketing tea is a kind of pressed tea, which is named for its main supply to the ethnic minorities in the frontier.Produced in Dali, Kunming, Jinggu, Menghai, Yanjin and other cities and counties in Yunnan Province, it uses large-leaf sun-dried green tea from southern Yunnan tea areas or small-leaf sun-dried green tea from northeastern Yunnan tea areas as raw materials. It is processed by pressing and other processes.The shape of the finished product is tight and straight, the soup color is orange, the taste is mellow, and the aroma is long-lasting. It is suitable for brewing and cooking, and it is easy to transport and durable for long-term storage.

The main colors and varieties of border sales tea are: traditional heart-shaped tight tea with handle, round cake-shaped cake tea, square square tea, rectangular brick-shaped green brick tea, and Kangzhuan tea.Bianpin tea has a long history of production. According to "Pu'er Mansion Records", it was produced as early as Tang and Song Dynasties. It is suitable for the needs of ethnic minorities in plateau areas. It helps digestion and relieves greasy food in a diet rich in meat and milk and less vegetables. Taking in some vitamins needed by the human body and enhancing the human body's ability to adapt to high altitude low pressure has become a daily necessities for ethnic minorities in plateau areas.Tea is sold in Yunnan, mainly in Tibet and the minority areas in the northwest of the province. In 1984, the China Tea Brand Yunnan Tight Tea produced by Xiaguan Tea Factory won the title of Excellent Ethnic Products in Yunnan Province.

4.China Tea Brand Flower Brick Tea China Tea brand flower brick tea is produced by Anhua Baishaxi Tea Factory in Hunan Province.It is evolved from Huajuan tea, also known as Qianliang tea.Hanamaki tea is 166 cm long, 18 cm in diameter, and weighs 36 kg. It is cylindrical in shape and is purely hand-made, with complicated processes, high labor intensity, low output, and inconvenient transportation and sales. Since 1958, it has been transformed into a rectangular tea brick with a length of 35 cm, a width of 18.5 cm, a thickness of 3.5 cm and a weight of 2 kg.Anhua is located at the foot of Xuefeng Mountain, with dense forests and vertical and horizontal rivers. The annual average temperature is 16.2 ℃, the annual precipitation is 1686.2 mm, the frost-free period is 274 days, the longest is 320 days, the annual relative humidity is 80%, and the annual foggy days There are many, early fog and late fog collection, most of the soil is red soil and red yellow soil, the humus layer is deep, and the soil is fertile.Anhua tea has a history of more than a thousand years.The history of black brick tea production has been 400 years. Production process and quality of tea bricks: China Tea brand tiles are all made of Anhua's second- and third-grade black hair tea, which are refined through scientific methods.Requirements for Maocha: black and oily in color, shaped into loach sticks, clear yellow in soup, with pine smoke aroma.Refined according to the ratio of spring and summer tea, cleaning out bad quality, steam softening, high pressure setting, slow drying and other processes.The finished product is flat and smooth, with clear edges and corners, dark brown in color, mellow aroma, pure and strong taste, bright red and yellow soup, and hard dark brown at the bottom of the leaves. In 1983 and 1987, it was awarded the high-quality product certificate of the Ministry of Commerce and the title of high-quality product of Hunan Province.Kingpin Northwest provinces and regions. 5.Chongqing Tuocha Chongqing Tuocha was produced by Chongqing Tea Factory in Sichuan Province in 1953. It is made of high-quality tea leaves from 14 tea-producing areas in eastern and southern Sichuan through refined processing. It is a high-quality pressed tea.Has won the International Gold Award and the National Silver Award. High-quality raw materials and exquisite production: Tuo tea raw material production areas have a humid climate, with an average annual temperature of 14-18°C, mild winters, and rare frost and snow. Most of the annual precipitation is 1000-1200 mm, and the annual average relative humidity is over 70%.The tea fields are mostly acidic yellow soil and brown soil, planted with large, medium and small leaf varieties with different shapes, and their endoplasms have their own characteristics.When making it, the middle and high-grade sun-dried, baked and fried green tea are selected, and the raw materials are matched, screened and shaped by using traditional techniques and modern production methods, and then they are piled together, weighed, steamed, kneaded and pressed into bags. .Baking fermentation adopts artificial temperature control method, and the temperature is 46 ℃ ~ 55 ℃ through low temperature and slow drying; the time is about 48 hours, which not only eliminates moisture, but also reduces the water content to below 9%, and promotes the fermentation and transformation of tea content. The quality characteristics of Chongqing Tuocha: the finished tea is shaped like a bowl and mortar, the color is black and oily, the soup is bright yellow and bright, the bottom of the leaves is tender and even, the taste is mellow and sweet, and the aroma is rich and fragrant. Contains caffeine, tea polyphenols, minerals and other elements that are beneficial to the human body. It has the effects of refreshing the brain, promoting body fluids and quenching thirst, sobering up alcohol and diuresis, removing greasy food, preventing arteriosclerosis and increasing cholesterol.Each Tuocha tea has a net weight of 100 mg and is packaged in three types: tubes, hexagons and combination shapes, and is sold well in China. Since 1980, the products have been exported to more than 10 countries and regions including Japan, Italy and Hong Kong. At the 22nd World Food Selection Conference held in Rome in August 1983, it was evaluated by the Standing Organizing Committee of the conference: "Emei brand Tuocha, after the laboratory analysis test and the independent judging committee's certification of the product's organic biochemistry, process, appearance and product merchandise, this product fully complies with relevant regulations", and was awarded a gold medal. In December 1985, it was awarded the National Quality Product Silver Award.