Chapter 8 Chapter 1 Famous Chinese Tea 1. Green Tea-3

11.Wuzi Cuibai Wuzi Cuibai is one of the national famous teas produced by Xixiang County Tea Factory in Shaanxi Province.It is named because it is produced in the Wuzi Mountain Area in Xixiang.Wuzi Mountain has been a tea producing area in Hanzhong area since ancient times, and it is also the native place of the rare tree species "white bark pine" in the world.There is a proverb that "Qinba Mountain has strange stones, green pine and long white skin".Xixiang Wuzishan tea area is adjacent to the Qinling Mountains in the north and the Bashan Mountain in the south, and the Han River flows through it; it is located at a high latitude and high altitude, rich in selenium and zinc, and has no pollution; it has a mild climate, abundant rainfall, fertile soil, and moderate acid-base ecology In the environment, it is an ideal place for "famous tea in high mountains and clouds".

Xixiang has a long history of tea production, and it has been listed as tribute tea by the courts of all dynasties since the Han Dynasty.According to legend, Liu Bang, Emperor Gaozu of the Han Dynasty, once often came to the tea town of Xixiang to drink "Yenjiling tea" with his ministers and advisors, and then realized the great plan of "building plank roads in the open, and keeping warehouses in secret".According to the records of Xixiang county annals: Hanzhong tea is produced in Xixiang.Tea is the main source of income for the mountain people. During the peak production season, "men waste farming and women waste weaving, nothing can be done."In the Ming Dynasty, "Ten thousand dans of Han tea were used, and ten thousand horses were used in Yi Bian". The tea of ​​Qinba made historic contributions to the unification of the motherland, the harmony of the nation, and the economic development of the inland and the frontier.

Wuzi Cuibai famous tea, in response to the reform and opening up of the land of China and the continuous improvement of people's living standards, was included in the science and technology development project of Shaanxi Province in 1985. With the strong support of the provincial tea company, the county supply and marketing cooperative is in charge of the tea specialty Scientific and technical personnel undertake special development work.After three years of hard work, this new green tea was successfully developed in 1988. In 1989, when the Ministry of Agriculture, Animal Husbandry and Fisheries held a National Tea Appraisal Conference in Xi'an, experts and scholars in the field of tea science reviewed the production technology and quality of the tea, and passed the provincial appraisal.

The development process of Wuzi Cuibai has a relatively high start. It has absorbed the development experience of famous teas such as Qinba Wuhao in the province. Fresh buds and leaves, the standard is one bud and one leaf at the beginning of development, the buds and leaves are 1.5-3.0cm long, after being lightly spread and withered, the beneficial transformation of active substances is carried out, and then the greening, breeze, light kneading, hair fire, Pulling, drying and other processes, refined.According to Wang Zenong, a professor of the Tea Industry Department of Anhui Agricultural University, a generation of masters in the Chinese tea science circle, he said: "The tea strips are tight and thin, flat and curved, slightly exposed, green in color, pure in fragrance, bright green in color, mellow and timeless in taste. Yellow and green blossoms can become a promising product among the national famous teas."

The active ingredients contained in the inner substance of Wuzi Cuibai have been tested and analyzed by relevant departments, which prove that they have reached the level of national famous tea: the water extract is more than 40%, the crude fiber is less than 10%, the ash content is less than 6.5%, and the powder is less than 10%. 1%, water content below 6%; hygienic indicators meet the standard requirements of GBn144-89.After the finished tea is deoxygenated and packaged, it is stored in a dehumidified tea warehouse with a humidity below 20%, which can keep the quality of the tea unchanged for a long period of time.

Wuzi Cuibai won the Ministry of Commerce's High-quality Famous Tea Award and the title of National Famous Tea at the National Famous Tea Selection Conference held by the Ministry of Commerce in Xinyang City, Henan Province in 1990.By 1994, the Xixiang tea garden had grown to more than 10,000 mu, with an annual output of more than 10,000 kilograms of famous tea.It is mainly sold to Xi'an, the provincial capital, and surrounding provinces. In recent years, it has been sold to southern cities such as Guangzhou and Shenzhen, and is very popular among tea drinkers. 12.Lu'an Guapian Lu'an Guapian, referred to as Piancha, is named for its shape resembling melon seeds and flakes.

Produced in Lu'an, Jinzhai, and Huoshan counties of Anhui Province Jinzhai and Huoshan belonged to Lu'an Prefecture in the past. The tea produced in Huahualing Bat Cave in Qiyun Mountain, Jinzhai County is of the best quality, also known as "Qishan Business Card".It is one of the famous green tea varieties in my country.The production area is located in the Dabie Mountains in western Anhui, with high mountains and dense forests, gurgling springs, dense clouds and mist, relative air humidity above 70%, and annual precipitation of about 1200 mm. Especially around the bat cave, bats gather and discharge excrement, which is rich in phosphorus. It can be used as a natural fertilizer to make the soil fertile, the tea tree grows luxuriantly, the fresh leaves are lush and tender, and the buds are large and many.

Picking process and tea quality: The picking season is more than half a month later than other high-grade teas, and later in high mountain areas, mostly after Qingming and before Grain Rain.It is advisable to pick "open noodles" with one bud and three leaves at the top, and a small amount of one bud with three and four leaves.The second process is picking slices, which separates the picked fresh leaves from the tea stalks, first picks off the third leaf, then the second leaf, then the first leaf, and finally the buds together with the upper tender stem and the lower thick Branches or fourth leaves are disassembled and finely graded at the same time.The technical key of the third process is to fry the leaves.The final baking process is to fry until the leaves are withered, and after the leaves are soft, they are promptly taken out of the pan for drying.The amount of leaves to be baked is only 2 to 3 taels each time, and baked until the color is emerald green and uniform, the pekoe is exposed, and when the tea aroma is fully developed, put it into a container while it is hot and store it tightly.The finished product, with leaf margins rolled to the back, is in the shape of melon seeds. The soup is emerald green and bright, with a high aroma and a sweet and mellow taste.Tea products are divided into four grades: business cards and grades one, two and three.Brewed with boiling water, the shape is like a lotus flower, the soup color is clear and bright, especially Erdao tea has the best fragrance, rich and delicate fragrance.It also has the effects of clearing the mind and eyesight, refreshing the mind and eliminating fatigue, clearing the orifices and dispersing wind.

Tea production in Lu'an began in the Tang Dynasty, and Lu'an Guapian has enjoyed a high reputation since the Ming and Qing Dynasties. The book "Tea Notes" by Wen You in the Ming Dynasty stated: "Lu'an high-quality goods are the best medicines." This tea began in the early Ming Dynasty and was mostly used as a court tribute.It first appeared on the market between 1905 and 1920. In 1982, it was rated as one of the national famous teas at the Changsha National Famous Tea Selection Meeting. In 1986, at the Fuzhou Selection Meeting, it was once again rated as the National Famous Tea. At the selection meeting, the Qiyunshan business card produced by Jinzhai County Tea Company was selected as the National High-quality Famous Tea for the third time.Sold to Beijing, Shanghai, Nanjing, Shandong, Hebei and other provinces and cities, and exported to Hong Kong and other places.

13.Wenjun Green Tea Wenjun Green Tea is named for its gentle and elegant name because it is produced in Qionglai County, Sichuan Province, the hometown of Zhuo Wenjun, a talented woman from the Western Han Dynasty. Zhuo Wenjun is the jewel in the palm of Zhuo Wangsun, a wealthy man in Linqiong in the Han Dynasty. She is a famous talented woman in the Han Dynasty who knows everything about poetry, poetry, music, calligraphy and painting. Youth widowed at home.Sima Xiangru, a young, lonely and impoverished scholar of the Han Dynasty and a writer of Fu, came from Chengdu to visit Wang Ji, a classmate and friend who was then the county magistrate of Linqiong.When the county magistrate Wang invited Xiangru to the banquet, he also invited the grandson of Zhuo Wang to accompany him.Later, Zhuo Wangsun was arty and flattered the county magistrate, and invited Sima Xiangru to his home. During the period, Wenjun and Xiangru fell in love at first sight, and they fell in love and eloped to Chengdu.Later Zhuo Wangsun had no choice but to take his new son-in-law and beloved daughter back to Linqiong out of concern for affection.But they are still content with poverty, make a living by themselves, and open a wine shop in the street market, "Wenjun is like a clay", "Xiangru is like a washing machine".

Today, in Qionglai County, the historic sites of "Wenjun Well" and "Qintai" still exist.There is a line in the poem "Qintai" written by Du Fu, a great poet of the Tang Dynasty, when he was living in Chengdu: "The wine shop is in the world, and the Qintai is in the clouds." Rhyme; the ancient moon in front of the stage has no strings.” These couplets describe the eternal love between Zhuo Wenjun and Sima Xiangru. Qionglai Tea Factory named Wenjun for Qionglai’s traditional famous tea, which not only has profound meanings, but is also unique. Among contemporary Chinese famous teas, it is extremely rare for them to be named after ancient ladies. Qionglai tea production areas are distributed among the high mountains of Nanbao Mountain and Sorbus Weir in the Qionglai Mountains, generally between 800 and 1700 meters above sea level; the climate is mild, the rainfall is abundant, the air is humid, and the air is shrouded in clouds and mist; the soil is deep and fertile, which is uniquely blessed The land of tea production.The varieties of tea trees are local mid-leaf species and flower-autumn species. The buds and leaves are thick, dark green and shiny, with short node tips and strong tenderness. Wenjun tea is refined by picking one bud and one leaf or one bud and two leaves for the first time, and then refining it through seven processes including killing greens, first kneading, roasting second greens, re-kneading, frying three greens, shaping and extracting, and baking.The finished tea is tightly curved, emerald green in color, pekoe exposed, and has a mellow taste. Before the founding of New China, tea merchants in Shanxi, Gansu, and Chengdu rushed to buy this tea because it was thick, resistant to brewing, and had a mellow taste.It was called "Ben Shancha" at that time.After the founding of the People's Republic of China, Qionglai Tea Factory combined traditional production methods with modern science and technology, and the quality of tea products continued to improve. It was named today in 1980. In June 1985, the Ministry of Agriculture, Animal Husbandry and Fisheries held the national famous tea and high-quality tea selection meeting in Nanjing, and Wenjun green tea was rated as one of the 11 national famous teas. 14.Bayue Famous Tea Bayue Famous Tea is produced in Bayue Mountain, Tongliang, Sichuan Province.Here are steep mountains, beautiful gullies, 778 meters above sea level, surrounded by clouds and mist all year round, the average annual temperature is about 14.6°C, the temperature difference between day and night is large, the relative humidity is above 90%, the soil is fertile, the pH value is about 5.3, and the tea gardens are surrounded by trees. The greenery provides a natural and good environment for the growth of tea trees. Craftsmanship and tea products: The famous Bayue tea series produced by Bayue Tea Farm in Tongliang County adopts varieties with medium and small leaves, and the picking standard is one bud and one two leaves.The series of high-grade famous teas Yulu, Panhao and Yuye are praised as the top grade of green tea by Mr. Wu Juenong, the contemporary tea sage, for their tender leaves, high fragrance and mellow taste. Bayue famous tea has won many awards in food festivals and international tea culture festivals in recent years: Yulu won the first place in the first "Emei Cup" competition of Sichuan Province in 1991; Panhao won the first prize of "Bashu Food Festival" in Sichuan Province in 1992 "Silver Award; Yulu and Yuye were both rated as high-quality famous teas at the Shanghai International Tea Culture Festival in 1994. Bayue tea has a long history.According to the "Tongliang County Chronicles", during the Northern Song Dynasty (960-1126), Bayue Mountain produced famous tea, which was one of the four treasures of Sichuan tea. It was named "Shuinan tea" because it was located in the south of the Fujiang River.In 1408 in the middle of Yongle in the Ming Dynasty, the king of Shu Ding traveled to Bayue and was intoxicated by the mellow fragrance of the tea, because it was designated as a tribute to the Shu prince's mansion. 15.Guzhang Maojian Guzhang Maojian belongs to the category of green tea.Produced in Guzhang County, Xiangxi Tujia Autonomous Prefecture, Hunan Province.Guzhang has a long history of tea production, which began in the Eastern Han Dynasty. Since the Tang Dynasty, tea has been used as a tribute to the royal family, and it has been listed as a tribute in the Qing Dynasty.According to the "Guzhang County Chronicles": "At the end of the 19th century, the tea in Guzhangpingting Hall was rarely planted in the mountains. They were all produced in people's gardens and picked by those who worked in the gardens. The fragrance is fragrant and has the victory of Dongting Junshan " After the founding of new China, the tea garden in Guzhang has developed greatly.The main tea areas are in Guyang Town, Dongfang Longtianping and Niujiao Mountain.The Wuling Mountains lie across the territory, with high mountains and deep valleys, dense forests, gurgling cave streams, shrouded in clouds and mists, abundant rainfall, mild climate, fertile soil and rich phosphorus.Especially during the tea picking season in March and April, the sun rises and the clouds clear at 9 am every day. Even in midsummer, the sky is sometimes clear and sometimes cloudy and foggy.Because there are many clouds and fog, less sunshine, and more warm light, the tea leaves are rich in nutrients, have strong tenderness, soft leaves, and many hairs. The unique quality of Guzhang Maojian tea is picked every year before the Qingming Festival, or the buds with one bud and one leaf first unfolded, and go through eight processes of greening, greening, kneading, frying, cooling, shaping, drying, and screening. Meticulous, refined into "Mingqian tea".The finished tea has tight and thin strands, straight shoots, emerald green color, and full pekoe; it has a strong fragrance, a mellow taste, and a refreshing aftertaste; the soup color is bright yellow and green, and the bottom of the leaves is green and even.The tea was exhibited at the Leipzig International Fair in Germany. Since 1980, it has been rated as a famous tea in Hunan Province for five consecutive times. In 1982, the Ministry of Commerce was rated as National Famous Tea at the National Famous Tea Appraisal Conference held in Changsha. In the same year, the Ministry of Foreign Trade issued a certificate of honor for high-quality products.