Chapter 53 literati house

literati house Du Fu's "Most Able" said, "If the Taoist priests have no handsome talents, how can there be Qu Yuan's house in Deshan?" It seems that it's just a pile of rotten stones, Du Fu just talked loudly.But it is natural that the age is long gone, and it is slim.More recently, the "Li Chunke" on the Internet is Li Ciming, and there is a couplet written by him in the book. The last sentence says, "Baanansi Street has a collection of 10,000 volumes"; Which house did he live in?Not to mention what was going on in the house, what was going on when he lived there.If you want to pay tribute and linger, you have to stand on the street for a while in a trance.

Westerners really take hero worship seriously, and the former residences of celebrities are often well preserved.Take Shakespeare for example, the old house, the new house, the old lady’s house, all in good condition, even the furniture and other things are preserved.Shakespeare may be special, that is, other people, if there is a former house that can be recognized, at least it will be marked with a wooden sign on the wall, so that visitors to the ancient times have a place to stay; no matter whether there are people living in the house or the shop has been changed.The four literati houses I saw in London this time are more recent, and the condition of the house is better than Shakespeare's; the four houses were probably bought by private donations, furnished, and then handed over to the public.Dr. Johnson's (Samuel John som, 1709-1784) house, in the old city, is a three-story building, on a corner of a small square, quiet.He entered the house in 1748 and lived there for eleven years; his wife died here.His assistant compiled his big dictionary in the small room on the third floor.The allegorical novel (al#eDgoricalnovel) "Rasselas" was probably also written in this room; it was written at night, and only for a week, to pay for my mother's burial.Everywhere in the house, such as the entrance hall, double siding, stairs, cupboards, kitchen, etc., are all full of ancient style.The famous big dictionary is displayed in the downstairs guest room; it is the third edition, two thick volumes.He compiled this dictionary in order to preserve the purity of English and to determine the meaning of words; because there were too many French words used by writers at that time.Some of the definitions in the dictionary are very humorous: for example, "female poet, mother poet" (she-poet, Gai Zhun she-goat-mother goat-word example), and "oat, a kind of grain, which is fed in England. Horses, and Scotland thinks that people are food", all of which are bad enough. ——

The Johnson Club of London used this house as its clubhouse. Keats (John Keats, 1795-1821) house, in the North Hamstead area of ​​the city (Hampstead).Although he was not born or died in this house, he lived here, fell in love here, was attacked here, and wrote immortal poems here.At that time, the Helmsted area was still a rural area, famous for its scenery, not as densely populated as it is now.Keez lives with his friend Brown (Charles Armitage Brown).Behind the house is a large garden with green grass and flowers, as quiet as ever; in the middle is an old plum tree, which died in 1921, but the stem is still there.According to Brown's postscript, it seems that Zeez's "Nightingale Song" was written under this tree.Brown says, "There was a nightingale nesting near this house in the spring of 1819. Kee used to listen to it for his own pleasure; and one morning after breakfast he took a chair and sat down on the grass. I sat under the plum tree for two or three o'clock. When I entered the room, I saw him holding a few scraps of paper and stuffing them behind the book. I asked him, and I realized that it was a song about our nightingales." The plum tree, maybe the one in the garden.But there is still a lawn in front of the house, and on the ground is a 300-year-old mulberry tree with sparse branches and leaves, which still bears mulberries; some people think that "The Song of the Nightingale" might be written under this tree.Jeez's good poems are written most in this house.

They lived next door to a family named Brawne.There was a lady named Fanny, whom Ziz fell in love with, and the two got engaged. Some of his friends thought it wrong because the girl was not good enough; Weak and insane.Keez himself wrote Miss: "She was about my size--long face--sentimental--hair well combed--nose not bad, just a little problem--mouth good and bad--side of face Look, from the front, she is thin and pale, as if she has no bones. She is slender, and her posture is like this--good arms, almost hands--feet are okay--she is more than seventeen years old, but she is innocent--acts strangely Strange, jumping around, making up nicknames for people, and calling me a 'beautiful girl' these days-I don't think it's inherently bad, but it's just a little bit of a pretty thing."

In February, 1820, Keez came back from outside and vomited a mouthful of blood.Both his mother and third younger brother died of tuberculosis, and he also suffered from tuberculosis; he has been getting worse day by day since then.In September of this year, his friend Joseph Severn accompanied him to Rome to recover from his illness; he died there in February of the following year and was buried in a Protestant cemetery at the age of twenty-six.Now there is a circle of hair on display in this room, which Sai Fen probably cut off from his head after his death.In the following year, Seifen told people that he was keeping a bit of poor Jeez's hair, waiting for a friend to take it back to England; I used Ziz's hair as a string and gave it to poor Miss Bron, I wish I couldn't find such a craftsman.The color of Ziz’s hair varies from person to person: some say auburn, some say brown, some say warm brown; The painting is a deep brownish yellow.Miss Bronn's hair is here too.

Here is their engagement ring, with a ruby.There is also a copy of "Shakespeare" in four-fold form, which is often used by Keez.He worked hard on Shakespeare; there are passages in the margins, and some superb remarks.In the blank space, he personally wrote two poems he saw Milton sent and rereading the play "King Li Ya" by himself; I gave it as a souvenir when I went to Italy.Here is a copy of Collo's ink print of "The Song of the Nightingale", and the manuscript of Hardy's poem "Hamstadt House", donated by Mrs. Hardy, and a photocopy is sold in the house.Jizi's calligraphy is better than beauty, and Hardy's is better than age.

It was not easy to preserve the house.In 1921, the owner wanted to sell it, and someone would turn it over for rent. The location is good, and the sale must be quick. The mayor of the district found out and organized a committee to raise 10,000 pounds.Funds have not yet been raised, and speculative construction companies have already scrambled to negotiate prices with owners.At this critical moment, thanks to the quick action of the mayor and the four committee members of the district, who guaranteed the payment in their own names, they were able to save the crisis.Later, a total of 4,650 pounds (approximately 780,000 yuan) was received in donations, more than half of which were donated by Americans; at that time, just after the war, it was not easy to raise funds for this event in Britain.

Carlyle (Thomas Carlyle, 1795-18 # 1) house, in Chelsea, beside the River Thames; this area is still a gathering place for scholars and artists.Galilee was an essayist of the early Victorian era, known at the time as "The Saint of Beggarsey".Lived in this house from 1834 until his death.The study was on the third floor, and it was here that he wrote his last book, The Life of Frederick the Great.The front of this room faces the street, and the back is a small garden; he built walls on the front and back, in order to avoid the noise from the street and the crowing of chickens in the garden.The chair in which he was writing is still there; there is also a woolen bathrobe.It is said that he likes wearing bathrobes the most, and there are quite a few of them; the portrait of him in the collection of the Scottish National Academy of Painting shows him wearing a gray woolen bathrobe, sitting on the sofa reading a book, and has a relaxed atmosphere.The shelf for reading in the painting can still be seen.There are several letters from him in the house, and the sexton is willing to read them to the visitors, which is very interesting.There is a small screen in Mrs. Galilee's room on the second floor, on which are pasted horizontally, vertically, obliquely and squarely pictures of landscapes and people from all over the world.

Dickens (Charles Dickens, 1#12-1870) house, in "West End", is now a lively place.Dickens was born in a poor and humble background, and was familiar with the conditions of the lower society; he wrote about such conditions in his novels most vividly.This makes him "the most popular novelist of this century, and one of the great British humorists", as his old friend John Forster said at the beginning of his biography.He wrote "Pickwick Papers" ("Pickwick Papers") in 1836 and published it in a monthly magazine.At first, it was a hunting story such as the gentleman Bickwick, which was not very popular in the world; then the servant Sam (Sam Wel#er) appeared, humorous and satirical, with endless changes, and the monthly magazine suddenly became popular.It was in 1837 that Dickens moved into the house as his financial resources grew wider.

He finished writing "The Secret of Bikvik" here, and it was printed as a separate volume in this year.He became famous in one fell swoop, and from then until his death, in the thirty-four years, he was always on the rise.Not long after he came to this house, he borrowed a restaurant to celebrate the anniversary of the publication of "Secret Notes" and the anniversary of his and his wife's wedding.After living there for about two years, he wrote "The Story of a Piece of Meat for the Rest of His Life", "Funny Foreign History" and so on.Two daughters were born during this period, and the house was overwhelmed; at the end of 1839, he moved elsewhere.

The most lively thing in the room is the paintings, which are the characters in his novels. The walls are big and small, and the stairs are funny.So the whole room is full of spring.Although his characters are just types, they are unavoidably fantastical and absurd, but they have a real flavor and a human touch;There is a kitchen on the lower floor of the house, the so-called "Dingley Valley Kitchen", an authentic old-fashioned British kitchen, which is specially furnished-"Dingle Valley" is the place where Beekwick and his party stayed when they went to the countryside.There were glazed pottery on the kitchen shelves, also painted with figures of Dickens.In the house there are still his walking stick, his hair; a rose, which was taken from his body; a small window, which was in the penthouse where he lived when he was eleven years old; I have been to America, and I gave it to my second daughter when she was dying. Now she is covered in purple velvet, and she is quite smart.In addition, there are two letters he sent from this house, which were counted back to his hometown. Most of the things in these four houses were donated by others; some were specially bought and sent.There are also some that can be borrowed for display.The person in charge is always watching and searching, quite painstakingly.Most of the recurrent expenses come from funds, tickets, guidebooks, etc.; but tickets are not sold much, guides take care of even less, and maintenance is probably not easy.Gray (Thomas Gray, 1716-1771) is famous for "Elegy" ("E#egyWritteninaCcountryChurchyard"). The phrase "made in a village churchyard" in the original title refers to the church of Stoke Poges.The poem was written in 1742, when Gray was twenty-five years old, and was completed in 1750. At that time, the poet's nostalgia, sense of death and life, and closeness to nature are all euphemistically expressed in the poem, with exquisite rhythm and harmonious syllables. , critics believe that it is the most representative of British poetry, and it is called the poem of poems.After the poem was published, it was all the rage, and it was recited and simulated all over Europe. It has been quoted a lot all the time, and it has become a part of English and American literature education.Stokebo whiskey is in the southwest of London, not far from the famous Windsor Castle.We got there one afternoon in April after light rain.The road was quiet, and it seemed that the birds were not heard much.Turning a small corner, there is a piece of flat green grass dotted with sparse tombstones; the church is wooden and isolated, like a stage set.There is a small house next to the path, and there is a small wooden sign at the door that says Gray's Showroom or something.A white-haired old man came out and graciously led us to see Gray's tomb. It is rectangular and very large. It was buried with his mother and aunt, next to the church wall.Looking at the yew-tree again, the old man said that Gray wrote the "Elegy" under that tree; the mention of the yew-tree in "Elegy" is indeed true.We went around in another big circle before returning to the hut to look at the photocopy of the original "Elegy".There are also a few old items that are not closely related to Gray.There is a well behind the house, and the old man draws water to irrigate the garden by himself, reminding us of the "Old Man Who Irrigated the Garden"; he gave each of us a church video as parting farewell. Made on March 21-23, 1935. (Originally published in "Middle School Students" No. 55 on May 1, 1935)